Upper Airway Anatomy Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Diaphragmatic paralysis can occur due to spinal cord injuries at or above the level of the fifth cervical vertebrae.

False

Accessory muscles of inspiration are active during normal breathing.

False

The rectus abdomini muscle is an accessory muscle of inspiration.

False

Abdominal distention with fluid can affect diaphragm function.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The trapezius muscle is not involved in ventilation.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Diaphragmatic paralysis results in loss of partial nervous control of respiratory muscles.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The external intercostal muscle is an accessory muscle of expiration.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Abdominal wall muscle tensioning can affect diaphragm function.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The internal abdominis obliques muscle is not involved in ventilation.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The sternocleidomastoid muscle is not involved in ventilation.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The primary function of the respiratory system is to absorb CO2 and excrete O2.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The upper airways include the trachea and lower airways.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nasal cavity contains olfactory cells providing sense of hearing.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The function of sinuses is to produce mucus.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The pharynx is part of the lower respiratory tract.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The trachea extends to the level of the 10th thoracic vertebrae.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The right bronchus branches at a 40-60 degree angle.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The trachea is supported by 10-15 C-shaped cartilage.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The lobar bronchi are the third generation of bronchi.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The bronchi continue to branch until they reach a diameter of about 5-mm.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

<p>Absorption of O2 and excretion of CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the upper airways?

<p>Gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the concha or turbinates in the nasal cavity?

<p>Increasing surface area for filtering, warming, and humidifying inhaled gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of the sinuses?

<p>Reducing weight of the head</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the passageway for gas flow in the respiratory system?

<p>Conducting airways</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the palatine tonsils?

<p>Filtering air and food particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the pharynx extends from the uvula to the tip of the epiglottis?

<p>Oropharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the adenoids in the nasopharynx?

<p>Filtering air particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the space between the vocal cords?

<p>Glottis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the anatomic location where the respiratory and digestive tracts divide?

<p>Laryngopharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Type II alveolar cells?

<p>Primary source of surfactant</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the interstitium?

<p>A gel-like substance held together by a web-like network of collagen fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the alveolar surface is composed of Type I alveolar cells?

<p>95%</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pores of Kohn?

<p>To permit gas to move between alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are responsible for removing bacteria and foreign particles from the acini?

<p>Alveolar macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the conducting airways in the lower respiratory tract?

<p>To convey gas from the upper respiratory tract to the area of gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the inner layer of the airway wall that forms a mucous membrane?

<p>Mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the epithelial cells in the conducting airways?

<p>Pseudostratified, ciliated, and goblet cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the relative positions of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx in an unconscious patient?

<p>Partial or total occlusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the outer layer of the airway wall that is composed of connective tissue?

<p>Adventitia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the intrapleural space?

<p>To minimize friction during movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the sternal angle?

<p>It marks the division of the trachea into mainstem bronchi</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of rib pairs 2-7 during inspiration?

<p>Increase anteroposterior (AP) diameter and lateral space</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of work performed by the diaphragm during resting breathing?

<p>75%</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the phrenic nerves that innervate the diaphragm?

<p>C3-C5</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system in relation to the lungs?

<p>To clear fluid from the interstitial and pleural spaces to help maintain fluid balance in the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the nervous system regulates involuntary vital functions of the lungs?

<p>Sympathetic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the membranes that line the thorax and envelop the lungs?

<p>Pleura</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many lobes does the right lung have?

<p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the thoracic wall?

<p>Skin, fat, skeletal muscles, and bony structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mediastinum?

<p>To contain organs and tissues in the center of the thoracic cage</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the fissure that separates the upper and middle lobes of the right lung?

<p>Transverse fissure</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the thymus gland in relation to the immune system?

<p>To provide defense against foreign material and cells that penetrate deep into the lung</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of the lungs that allows them to expand and recoil?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the apices of the lungs extending 1 to 2 cm above the clavicles?

<p>It is a normal anatomical variation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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