UPDA Electrical/Electronic Engineering Review 01

Questions and Answers

The voltage measured between Corner B and ground is most nearly:

7.62 kV

Half the Phase-to-phase voltage

Cannot be determined

13.2 kV (correct)

The magnitude of the line current (ampere) in phase C is most nearly:

37.9

65.6 (correct)

32.2

55.8

Which one is the harmonic source in the following list?

Variable impedance loads

Saturable magnetic loads

Power electronic based loads

All of the above (correct)

A low-pass filter is used to:

Stop high frequencies Signup and view all the answers

A 3-phase, 60-Hz induction motor has a nameplate speed of 1600 RPM. This motor has how many poles?

4.0 Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by Ethics?

General and abstract concept of right and wrong behavior culled from philosophy, theology, professional societies. Signup and view all the answers

The spinning reserve is the:

Generating capacity that is connected to the grid and ready to take the load Signup and view all the answers

What is analysis technique to determine the effect of multi-sources?

Superposition Signup and view all the answers

Which is liquid in the following substances?

Hg Signup and view all the answers

The resistance of 100W, 200V lamp is:

200 ohms Signup and view all the answers

In optical communication Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) is called?

Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term of component arrangement for waves in transmitting and receiving?

Array Signup and view all the answers

What does Kz term represent in wind load calculation?

Velocity Pressure Coefficient Signup and view all the answers

For the shown block diagram, what is the dumping ratio O/P / I/P = U/R where S = 1?

0.7 Signup and view all the answers

An alternator is operating at _____ for capacitive loads.

Leading power factor Signup and view all the answers

The activity on node networks describes a project consisting of 8 tasks A-H. What is the minimum time to complete the project?

16 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What tuning frequency is used in the local oscillator for a super heterodyne AM receiver listening to a station at 540 kHz?

550 kHz Signup and view all the answers

For which of the following topologies can 10BaseT not be used without additional hardware conversion?

Bus Signup and view all the answers

High voltage windings of a transformer have _____ resistivity than the low voltage side.

Higher Signup and view all the answers

The output D in the circuit is:

AB + BC Signup and view all the answers

Cable length is 1000m, time of returning signal is 9.43μsec what is the speed of wave in the cable?

0.75 Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is not a rule of interaction?

Law Signup and view all the answers

Within the battery, conventional current flow is:

Anion to Cation, Positive electrode to Negative electrode Signup and view all the answers

What is the average value of the signal v(t) = 5 sin(377t)?

3.2 Signup and view all the answers

A 3 phase transformer, 25MVA, 66-12.47kV, delta-wye connected, 8 percent impedance. On the 100 MVA, per unit impedance is most nearly:

0.32 Signup and view all the answers

A DC Voltmeter with coil resistance 150Ω is to be measured with sensitivity of 10,000Ω/V and the voltage range 0-100V. What type and magnitude of resistance required?

Series, 1M ohm Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a stage of a project life cycle?

Concept Signup and view all the answers

For the 4-wire RTD circuit shown, which of the following would cause the greatest measurement error in Vsense?

Increase lead B resistance by 3 Signup and view all the answers

The forward pass in project network calculation determines the:

A, B and C are all correct Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a linear regression model?

2-Y = a + b + (X1 / X2) Signup and view all the answers

Which OP-AMP circuit uses resistance in series and capacitance in feedback?

Integrator Signup and view all the answers

In which of the following stages are you more likely to find status reports, many changes and the creation of forecasts?

Planning Signup and view all the answers

Intersecting point for WBS and OBS?

Cost account Signup and view all the answers

The final step in the definition of a work breakdown structure is to?

Assign codes for each activity of the work package Signup and view all the answers

What is the least instructive solution to connect hijacking?

Physical security of the communication link Signup and view all the answers

A 10 MVA generator has a power factor of 0.866 lagging, what will be the reactive power produced?

5 MVA Signup and view all the answers

For a transformer to be tested at full load conditions but consuming only losses from the main, we do?

Back to back test Signup and view all the answers

A 400V/100V, 10KVA two winding transformer is reconnected as an auto transformer across a suitable voltage source. What is the maximum rating of such an arrangement?

50KVA Signup and view all the answers

A single-phase, 2,200/200 V transformer takes 1 A at the HT side or no load at a power factor of 0.385. What are the iron losses?

167 W Signup and view all the answers

Neglecting resistance, at constant flux density, the power required per kilogram to magnetize the iron core of a transformer is 0.8 W at 25 Hz and 2.04 W at 60 Hz. What is the power required per kilogram for 100 Hz?

3.8 W Signup and view all the answers

What are morals?

Accepted standards of right and wrong that are usually applied to personal behavior. Signup and view all the answers

For maximum voltage regulation, tan Φ = ___ / R (or) CosΦ = R / Z

X Signup and view all the answers

For zero voltage regulation, tan Φ = R / ___ (or) CosΦ = X / Z

X Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for shunt resistance in a D'Arsonval Meter as a DC ammeter?

Rsh = Rm / (n-1) Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for series resistance in a D'Arsonval Meter as a DC voltmeter?

Rs = (S*Vrange) - Rm Signup and view all the answers

What are the six steps to the Work Breakdown Structure?

<ol> <li>List of all tasks, 2. The task clusters, 3. Define work packages, 4. Assignment of responsibilities to the work packages, 5. Define start and stop dates of work packages, 6. Documentation of the created WBS and assignment of unique work package numbers.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps of Project Scope Management?

<ol> <li>Plan your scope, 2. Collect requirements, 3. Define your scope, 4. Create WBS structure, 5. Validate your scope, 6. Control your scope.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

A passive filter can:

Filter only Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of material has high thermal and electrical conductivity?

Metal Signup and view all the answers

What is P if V = 50 Cos(40wt + 30) + 28.2 Cos(40wt + 30), R = 5?

330 Signup and view all the answers

What is the payback period for a project with an initial investment of 2.0 million QR and net annual profit of 150,000 QR using a 10% desired rate of return?

6.84 years Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following systems uses Assembly language?

Both A & B Signup and view all the answers

Weak power system means:

Power system with low short circuit capability and high sensitivity to harmonics Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate required minimum clearance distance, R, if the phase voltage of the live parts is 13,800V?

3.0m Signup and view all the answers

Project Control will be:

Throughout the process Signup and view all the answers

In a 50Hz induction machine, if the no-load speed is 2900 rpm, what is the slip frequency?

1.67 Hz Signup and view all the answers

Which special purpose diode is formed by a junction between a layer of metals and a layer of semiconductor?

A Schottky diode Signup and view all the answers

What is the worth after 5 years of an investment of One Million Qatari Riyals if the APR is 9% paid monthly?

1,538,634 Signup and view all the answers

Which is not part of Scope Management?

Execute Scope Signup and view all the answers

Which process identifies, studies, analyzes, and rectifies the root cause of incidents?

Cause and Effect Analysis Signup and view all the answers

Which is not a typical type of activity dependency in time management?

Multiple dependency Signup and view all the answers

Which is not a resource related to activities?

Time Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the project life cycle is correct?

Describes project management activities Signup and view all the answers

The best time to assign a project manager to a project is during:

Initiation Signup and view all the answers

Scheduling periodic tasks based on assigning the highest priority to the task with the shortest period is called:

Rate monotonic Signup and view all the answers

What is the final step in creating a work breakdown structure?

Assign codes for each activity of the work package Signup and view all the answers

What happens during transformer saturation?

The efficiency decreases and the no-load current increases Signup and view all the answers

When using the method of symmetrical components, which statement is correct?

The three zero sequence current phasors are equal in magnitude and displaced by 120° Signup and view all the answers

How can we ensure that an instrument did not drift with time?

Calibrate it Signup and view all the answers

What are the most important components of sustainability?

All are equally important Signup and view all the answers

Among the sites being considered for a new main library, the most appropriate site is one that is adjacent to:

Shopping and public transportation Signup and view all the answers

For the design and implementation of smoke detectors and door control systems, which is preferable to use?

Microcontrollers Signup and view all the answers

What does QSAS stand for?

Qatar Sustainability Assessment System Signup and view all the answers

According to the Brundtland Report (WCED, 1987), what are the three main pillars of sustainable development?

Economic, Environmental and Social factors Signup and view all the answers

What is the critical path in a project network?

Longest path through the network Signup and view all the answers

In Hardware Description Language (HDL), when are the names of input and output specified?

Entity Declaration Signup and view all the answers

What is the total internal resistance of the fuel cells?

0.003 Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum allowable size of the over-current device normally allowed to protect an AWG #12 THHW conduit temperature of 550C?

15A Signup and view all the answers

A single-phase transformer rated 100/7.2kV has an impedance of 10.0%. The voltage at the HV terminals will be most nearly:

10 Signup and view all the answers

What is the power density 10km from a radio station transmitting 50kW with a directive gain of 10^5?

5.9 mW/m² Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum current in the primary side of a CT with a ratio of 100:5 and a full-scale AC current value of 2.5A?

50 A Signup and view all the answers

What is an HRC fuse?

High Rupturing Capacity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the leakage flux?

A flux outside the core Signup and view all the answers

For forward biasing, which is correct?

Anode 5V cathode 3V Signup and view all the answers

What is the highest value of equivalent resistance among the following parallel resistances?

Two 500 kOhm resistors Signup and view all the answers

In a 3-phase system, the neutral is:

Normal return path for the current Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum diode power rating that can be used?

100 W Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is not typical of a project manager?

Possesses in depth technical knowledge Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of poles for a motor running at 1200 RPM with a frequency of 100 Hz?

P = 4 Signup and view all the answers

The CPU architecture shown is best described as:

Harvard architecture Signup and view all the answers

While the machine is in operation, the slip of the synchronous machine is:

Zero Signup and view all the answers

The net luminous flux (lumens) required for a room measuring 50ft x 30ft with a ceiling height of 10ft is most nearly:

96000 Signup and view all the answers

What type of filter is shown in the block plot?

Band pass filter Signup and view all the answers

In HDL based digital systems, design solutions do not include:

Sequential right shifts of the arguments Signup and view all the answers

Intersymbol interference is eliminated by applying which of the following?

Nyquist Criterion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a liquid?

Hg Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is based on Ohm's Law?

Current Signup and view all the answers

Harmonic currents present in a power system may cause:

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

How can we convert inches to cm?

Multiply by 2.54 Signup and view all the answers

Which type of material has high thermal and electrical conductivity?

Metal Signup and view all the answers

Which one has the highest input impedance?

MOSFET Signup and view all the answers

The least likely outcome when CTs do not match ratio and phase shift for differential relays is:

The trip could occur only when the CTs are wired in parallel. Signup and view all the answers

A biomedical signal sampled at 128Hz shows strong interference. The most likely source of the 58 Hz component is:

Power line artifact picked up by the equipment Signup and view all the answers

What is the total analyzed cost over a 10-year life for a system costing 90,000 dollars with operating costs of 2.50 dollars per hour?

26000 Signup and view all the answers

Which discipline is best suited to manage the construction of a natural gas pipeline?

Civil Engineer Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum distance between two tower antennas each 90 meters tall for good communication?

80 km Signup and view all the answers

Why is steel used in concrete structures?

Temperature expansion coefficient is the same with cement Signup and view all the answers

If an engineer is offered gifts and services in exchange for using superior materials, he should:

Reject the offer. Signup and view all the answers

As a project manager, which part of the budget plan shows an average reduction in move units?

Economics of Scale Theory Signup and view all the answers

The use of gypsum wallboard in construction has all the following characteristics except:

Ease of Installation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not considered to be a project characteristic?

Only for internal use Signup and view all the answers

The equivalent circuit of an induction machine at no load is the same as that of a transformer but with:

Open circuited secondary Signup and view all the answers

The electric flux passing out through a closed surface is equal to:

The total charge enclosed by the surface Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum gauge size of the earthing cable?

8 Signup and view all the answers

In field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), the type of flip-flops normally contained is:

D Signup and view all the answers

A discrete silicon semiconductor diode is forward biased at 0.75V, what is the approximate current?

3.0 mA Signup and view all the answers

The motor used in travelling cranes is:

Ward Leonard Controlled DC Shunt Motor Signup and view all the answers

What should Sadia do as a project manager assigned the Qatar National Day project?

Develop the project charter to do the project Signup and view all the answers

In general, when comparing BJT and MOSFET transistors, which is true?

The device capable of higher amplification is MOSFET Signup and view all the answers

In a 50 Hz induction machine, if the no load speed is 2900 RPM, what is the slip frequency?

0.67 Hz Signup and view all the answers

Changing the excitation in a grid with an alternator connected will have which effect?

Change in reactive component of load Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following systems uses assembly language?

Both A & B Signup and view all the answers

What does the power factor stand for?

Ratio of active power to the apparent power (kW/kVA) Signup and view all the answers

What is the strain unit?

Dimensionless Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a barometer?

To measure atmospheric pressure Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Alternator and Synchronous Motor Functioning

An alternator is over-excited when operating at a leading power factor.
A synchronous motor operates at over-excited conditions when at a leading power factor.

Antenna and Scheduling Concepts

A micro antenna is defined as a short antenna.
Fast track scheduling aims to avoid future cost increase in projects.

Harvard Architecture

Harvard Architecture features separate code and data spaces.

Electrical Fundamentals

Force acting on a moving charge in a magnetic field is always perpendicular to both the magnetic field and the direction of the charge's motion.
The unit of conductance is expressed in mho (inverse ohm).

Engineering Accreditation

ABET stands for Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology.

Circuit Analysis

At very high frequencies, phase shift of a transfer function can reach -90°.
The third harmonic frequency can be calculated from a given waveform, with values such as 250 Hz or 750 Hz, among others.

Transformer Operation

Successful parallel operation of transformers requires correct polarity, equal per unit impedance, and identical voltage and frequency ratings.

Logic Gates

A NOR gate outputs HIGH only when all inputs are LOW.

Digital Communication

Connection-oriented service in digital telecommunication is provided by ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode).

Modulation Techniques

The commercial method for AM modulation is DSB-LC (Double-Sideband Large Carrier).

Integrated Circuit Behavior

In NMOS inverters, R-pull up should have a large width-to-length (W/L) ratio for optimal performance.

Real-Time Operating Systems

A basic real-time kernel should provide task scheduling, dispatching, and inter-task communication.

Signal Classification

A communication signal classified with a bandwidth of 2 kHz is categorized as narrowband VLF.

Induction Motor Concepts

Induction motors at no load generally have a slip of around 1-2%, with minimum voltage regulation occurring at unity power factor.

Cable and Resistance Evaluations

Effective resistance can be achieved by combining resistors: for example, a mix of series and parallel configurations can yield specific resistance values like 4Ω.

Harmonic Frequency Analysis

Harmonics arise in systems primarily due to variable impedance loads and power electronics loads.

Project Management and Operations

Fast-tracking projects entails initiating work before design completion.
Proper response to new work scopes in engineering involves notifying superiors before taking action.

Amplifier Characteristics

The output impedance of a cascade amplifier should be high to minimize loading effects.

Electrical Characteristics

In electric circuits, the unit of current is defined as Ampere.

Power Consumption and Motor Operation

The most economical method to start a single-phase motor typically exploits a split-phase technique.
Transformer humming is largely attributed to vibrations in core lamination.

Cable Specifications

The standard wire gauge for earth wires is usually set between 8 SWG and 20 SWG.

Heat Loss and Current Calculations

Heat loss in conductive materials can be affected by resistance. Halving resistance results in reduced power dissipation.

Feedback Systems in Amplifiers

Gains can be affected by negative feedback, which alters the overall amplification characteristics.

Project Completion and Scheduling

The completion time for projects is closely monitored using node networks, ensuring all tasks meet defined timelines.

Signal Propagation

Signal speed in cables can be assessed through the time of the signal return and cable length.

Antenna Characteristics

Effective aperture of antennas is crucial for determining required amplifier power and efficiency in radiation patterns.### Electrical Concepts and Principles
Anions transfer to cations and positive electrodes transfer to negative electrodes.
Dummy activities are used in diagrams to prevent precedence issues caused by parallel, burst, or merge activities.

Electrical Engineering Calculations

Average value of signal ( v(t) = 5 \sin(377t) ) is ( 3.2V ) calculated using ( V_{avg} = \frac{2V_m}{\pi} ).
For a 3-phase transformer rated at 25MVA, with an impedance of 8%, the per unit impedance on a 100 MVA basis is ( 0.32 ).
The appropriate resistance needed for a DC voltmeter with coil resistance of ( 150 \Omega ) and a sensitivity of ( 10,000Ω/V ) is ( 1MΩ ) in series.

Electrical Generators and Fuses

An alternator's power factor depends on the rotor speed, core losses, load, and armature losses.
High Rupturing Capacity (HRC) fuses are designed to safely interrupt large fault currents.

Project Management

The first step in scope planning is defining objectives and requirements that satisfy customer needs.
The forward pass in project network calculations determines the earliest start and finish times of activities.

Signal Processing and Communication

Channel capacity can be calculated using ( BW \log_2(1 + S/N) ).
The maximum number of ways to transmit 4 bits of digital signals is ( 16 ).

Electromagnetism and Circuit Theory

The effect of increasing current withdrawal from a battery generally decreases the battery capacity due to polarization.
A low-pass filter allows low frequencies to pass while attenuating high frequencies.

Motor and Transformer Specifications

Synchronous motors operating at a leading power factor but no mechanical load are known as synchronous condensers.
The turns ratio for delta-wye transformers can be calculated by the voltage on the high and low sides.

Semiconductor Devices and Amplifiers

BJTs (Bipolar Junction Transistors) amplify in the active region and act as switches in the saturation region.
The voltage gain of an amplifier with feedback can be calculated as the gain without feedback divided by ( (1 + \text{feedback fraction}) ).

Circuit Elements

For a series system, total resistance is the sum of individual resistances, while for parallel systems, the equivalent resistance can be calculated using the reciprocal sum of individual resistances.
The properties of a Zener diode in regulation circuits are influenced by its dynamic resistance and input current.

Maintenance and Testing in Engineering

Software maintenance includes adaptive, corrective, perfective, and customer-initiated maintenance types.
Integration testing is crucial for ensuring that different software modules function correctly together.

Miscellaneous Engineering Facts

Humming in transformers is primarily caused by vibrations in core lamination.
An underground distribution system's insulation is designed for standard voltage levels related to fault analysis.

Environmental and Regulatory Aspects

Effective earthing mixtures include lime-sand, sawdust-sand, and coal-salt mixtures for optimal conductivity and moisture retention.

General Knowledge

The key stages in a project life cycle include concept, initiation, planning, execution, and delivery/closure.
Standard wire gauges for earth wires vary, with common sizes ranging from 20 SWG to 8 SWG, indicating their current-carrying capability.### HDL Based Digital Systems Challenges
Arithmetic multiplication is challenging to synthesize with HDL.
Sequential generation of partial products is a method for multiplication.
Hardware-intensive simultaneous generation of partial products is another method.
Booth's algorithm reduces complexity by minimizing partial products.
Sequential right shifts of arguments is not typically used for this challenge.

OP-AMP Input Impedance

Inverting amplifier input impedance is zero.
Non-inverting amplifier input impedance is ideally infinite.

OP-AMP Output Impedance

Inverting amplifier output impedance is ideally zero.
Non-inverting amplifier output impedance is low but not zero.
Output resistance of non-inverting amplifiers is the same as the input resistance.

Circuit Breakers

Air Circuit Breakers are commonly used at the distribution level.

BJT vs MOSFET

MOSFET transistors depend more on geometry.
MOSFET transistors provide higher amplification.
MOSFETs consume no power at input, while BJTs require biasing.

Data Network Characteristics

Packet-switched networks include source and destination in each packet.
Packets can travel different paths, highlighting flexibility.
Transparency of address coding is characteristic of packet-switched networks.
Packets containing only information bits are incorrect for such networks.

Nyquist Sampling Theorem

Aliasing is avoided when the highest signal frequency is less than half the sampling frequency.

Power Doubling

Power doubling results in a decibel increase of 3 dB.

Frequency Division Multiplexing

In optical communication, FDM is referred to as Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM).

Total Quality Management (TQM)

TQM stands for Total Quality Management.

Intersymbol Interference

Intersymbol interference mitigation can be addressed with the Nyquist Criterion.

Common Liquid Metals

Mercury (Hg) is a commonly known liquid metal at room temperature.

Alternator Power Factor

Power factor in an alternator is influenced by its load conditions.

Circuit Reliability

Combined reliability of two components is calculated using their individual reliability values.

Variable Resistance and Current Relationship

Resistance variation produces a specific current-voltage relationship represented graphically.

Interdisciplinary Nature of Engineering

Engineers benefit from training in multiple engineering fields for interdisciplinary projects.

Induction Machine Slip Frequency

For a 50 Hz induction machine, a no-load speed of 2900 RPM indicates a slip frequency.

GSM Network I/P Side

The I/P side of GSM networks typically requires a band pass filter.

Advanced Embedded System Power Consumption

Reducing power in advanced embedded systems can involve techniques like voltage sensing.

Regression Models

Not all regression models are linear; specific models can deviate from this.

Speed and Power in Circuit Devices

ASICs are faster and consume less power, suitable for large-scale projects.

Block Functionality in Circuit Design

Various components in circuit design serve specific amplification purposes based on frequency.

Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

The highest element in a WBS hierarchy is the overall project.
Work packages are the smallest components in WBS.

DSP Architecture for Operations

DSPs designed for FFT operations benefit from fixed-point multipliers with wider data paths.

Logic Gate Fan Out

Fan out refers to the number of gates a single logic gate can drive.

Project Task Management

Conducting a project is organized through task splitting, resource estimation, and scheduling.

Event Timing in Projects

Project control spans the entire timeline of the project, from initiation to closure.

Signal Measurement Devices

Voltmeter is used primarily for measuring potential difference in electrical systems.

Economic Indicators in Project Analysis

Payback period calculations help assess financial viability for project investments.

Circuit Element Relationships

Relationships between voltage and current are aligned with Ohm's Law in specific diagrams.

System Resilience in Electrical Networks

Resilience refers to the capacity of the power system to withstand disturbances.

Crystal Resonance in Oscillators

Oscillator circuits utilizing crystals operate at specified resonant modes.

Sustainability in Engineering

Sustainability encompasses economic, social, and environmental components, being equally significant.

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Description

Test your knowledge in Electrical and Electronic Engineering with this comprehensive reviewer material. This quiz covers essential concepts such as alternators, synchronous motors, and micro antennas, helping you prepare for your exams effectively.