30 Questions
Which molecules are energy-rich and involved in oxidative phosphorylation?
NADH and FADH2
What is the process called when ATP is made using the proton gradient generated by the electron transport chain?
Chemiosmosis
What is the role of NADH and FADH2 in cellular respiration?
They deliver electrons to the electron transport chain
Where does oxidative phosphorylation occur in the cell?
Inside the mitochondria
What is the main function of the electron transport chain?
To transfer electrons in a series of redox reactions
What molecules do NADH and FADH2 turn back into during the delivery of electrons in cellular respiration?
NAD+ and FAD
Which of the following is the terminal electron acceptor in the electron transport pathway?
Oxygen
Which complex in the electron transport chain transfers electrons from FADH2 to Coenzyme Q?
Complex II
What is the function of ATP synthase in oxidative phosphorylation?
Synthesizes ATP using the proton gradient
What is the role of Coenzyme Q in electron transport?
Transfers electrons from NADH to Coenzyme Q
What powers the ATP synthase in oxidative phosphorylation?
Proton gradient
Which of the following conditions favors increased activity of the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation?
All of the above
Which of the following would be the effect of cyanide poisoning on the electron transport chain and the proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane?
The electron transport chain would stop, and the gradient would decrease
How would DNP affect the amount of ATP produced in cellular respiration?
It would decrease ATP production, but could also cause dangerously high body temperature
Which metabolic change would be expected in a patient exposed to a toxic compound that increases the permeability of mitochondrial membranes to protons?
Increased ATP synthase activity
What effect does cyanide poisoning have on the electron transport chain?
It stops the electron transport chain
What effect does DNP have on the inner mitochondrial membrane?
It increases the permeability of the membrane to protons
Why is DNP no longer on the market as a weight-loss drug?
It caused dangerously high body temperature
Which of the following is true about glucose degradation under aerobic conditions?
Oxygen is the final electron acceptor
Which of the following happens when ADP levels rise and the demand for ATP synthesis increases?
Oxygen consumption will increase
What is the effect of cyanide on ATP production during respiration?
Cyanide inhibits the transfer of electrons to the final acceptor in the electron transport chain
What is the net movement of a negative charge when ATP is transported out of the mitochondria?
Positive charge going out
What is the P/O (Phosphate/Oxygen) Ratio in the electron transport chain?
10/4
Which shuttle system is commonly encountered in glycolysis?
Glycerophosphate shuttle
Which shuttle system employs an intermediate of glycolysis rather than the TCA cycle?
Glycerol phosphate shuttle
Which of the following directly provides the energy needed to form ATP in the mitochondrion?
An electrochemical proton gradient
During electron transport, protons are pumped out of the mitochondrion at each of the major sites except for:
Complex II
Human produce a natural uncoupling protein that can uncouple the proton gradient from ATP synthesis. Under which of the following conditions, you think that body produces this protein?
During physical exercise
Which of the following drugs would be most likely to prevent cavities caused by S. mutans?
A drug that inhibits the formation of a proton gradient across the cell membrane
The enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) catalyzes the conversion of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate (step 3). IDH is allosterically activated by ADP at high concentrations. Which of the following best describes how this interaction helps regulate the Krebs cycle?
Low levels of ADP stimulate the Krebs cycle, leading to the production of excess ATP that is stored for later use
Test your knowledge on cellular respiration, oxidative phosphorylation, and the electron transport chain. Learn about energy-rich molecules, ATP synthesis using the proton gradient, the roles of NADH and FADH2, the location of oxidative phosphorylation in the cell, and the main function of the electron transport chain.
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