Adolescent Nutrition: Overweight and Obesity
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Questions and Answers

What is one of the health risks associated with being overweight or obese during adolescence?

  • Body image disturbances
  • Hepatic diseases
  • Sleep apnea and other hypoventilation disorders
  • All of the above (correct)
  • How often should adolescents be screened for weight-related issues?

  • Every 2 years
  • Every 5 years
  • Every year (correct)
  • Only when symptoms appear
  • What is the first stage of treatment for adolescents with a BMI of ≥85th?

  • Stage 2: Medication
  • Stage 1: Prevention Plus (correct)
  • Stage 4: Surgery
  • Stage 3: Lifestyle Changes
  • What is a risk factor for hypertension among adolescents?

    <p>Family history of hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are blood pressure readings taken to diagnose hypertension among adolescents?

    <p>An average of three readings is taken</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are adolescents with certain risk factors routinely screened for hypertension?

    <p>Because they display one or more risk factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the diet that is recommended for the prevention of type 2 diabetes?

    <p>DASH diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method used to assess weight status among adolescents?

    <p>Calculating body mass index (BMI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prevalence of elevated cholesterol among adolescents?

    <p>1 in 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of the DASH diet for adolescents with hyperlipidemia?

    <p>To reduce cholesterol levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common environmental factor contributing to the rise in overweight and obesity among adolescents?

    <p>Consuming diets high in total calories and added sugars and fats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a chronic health issue considered a comorbid condition of adolescent obesity?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common nutrition problem in children and adolescents with chronic health conditions?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a factor that can affect a child's ability to consume, digest, or absorb nutrients?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely cause of the dramatic rise in overweight and obesity among adolescents?

    <p>Interactions between genetic and environmental factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a risk factor for developing obesity among adolescents?

    <p>Having a low socioeconomic status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the CHILD 1 diet?

    <p>DASH diet + (fiber+breakfast+less juice+less Na+less fast food)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents compared to 20 years ago?

    <p>It has nearly doubled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are children and adolescents with chronic health conditions at increased risk for nutrition-related health problems?

    <p>Due to all of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of a chronic health condition in children and adolescents?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is insulin resistance associated with?

    <p>Longitudinal studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a behavioral risk factor common among adolescents?

    <p>Consuming diets high in total calories and added sugars and fats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible long-term effect of being overweight or obese during adolescence?

    <p>Increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of screening adolescents for weight-related issues?

    <p>To identify those at risk of developing chronic health conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a risk factor for hypertension among adolescents?

    <p>Family history of hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the staged care process for adolescents with overweight or obesity?

    <p>To promote healthy weight management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common comorbid condition of adolescent obesity?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended dietary approach for adolescents with a BMI of ≥85th?

    <p>Prevention Plus diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of adolescents have elevated cholesterol?

    <p>1 in 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diet recommended for the prevention of type 2 diabetes?

    <p>DASH diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common nutrition problem in children and adolescents with chronic health conditions?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can affect a child's ability to consume, digest, or absorb nutrients?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the CHILD 1 diet?

    <p>DASH diet + less juice + less Na + less fast food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are children and adolescents with chronic health conditions at increased risk for nutrition-related health problems?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common environmental factor influencing a child's access to and acceptance of food?

    <p>Parents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the diet recommended for adolescents with hyperlipidemia?

    <p>DASH diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the method used to determine the appropriateness of an adolescent's weight for height?

    <p>Calculating body mass index (BMI) and comparing it to age- and gender-appropriate percentiles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential long-term health consequence of insulin resistance?

    <p>Type 2 diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common risk factor for adolescent obesity?

    <p>Having at least one overweight or obese parent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely cause of the dramatic rise in overweight and obesity among adolescents?

    <p>Interactions between genetic and environmental factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common behavioral risk factor for adolescent obesity?

    <p>Consuming diets high in total calories and added sugars and fats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a chronic health issue considered a comorbid condition of adolescent obesity?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents compared to 20 years ago?

    <p>It has nearly doubled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a risk factor for developing obesity among adolescents?

    <p>Being diagnosed with a chronic or disabling condition that limits mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of being overweight or obese during adolescence?

    <p>Lowered self-esteem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is assessed during the in-depth assessment stage of adolescent overweight and obesity treatment?

    <p>Co-morbid conditions and age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended for adolescents with a BMI of ≥85th in the prevention of type 2 diabetes?

    <p>Increased dietary intake of iron-rich foods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are adolescents with certain risk factors routinely screened for hypertension?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of screening adolescents for weight-related issues?

    <p>To identify health risks and provide preventive care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common comorbid condition of adolescent obesity?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method used to assess weight status among adolescents?

    <p>Calculating body mass index (BMI) to determine age- and gender-appropriate percentiles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for developing obesity among adolescents?

    <p>Having at least one overweight or obese parent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely cause of the dramatic rise in overweight and obesity among adolescents?

    <p>Environmental factors and interactions between genetic and environmental factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a chronic health issue considered a comorbid condition of adolescent obesity?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common behavioral risk factor for adolescent obesity?

    <p>Eating diets high in total calories and added sugars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents compared to 20 years ago?

    <p>It has nearly doubled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a health implication of adolescent overweight and obesity?

    <p>Increased risk of hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common environmental factor contributing to the rise in overweight and obesity among adolescents?

    <p>Environmental factors such as low socioeconomic status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of the DASH diet for adolescents with hyperlipidemia?

    <p>To lower cholesterol levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of adolescents have elevated cholesterol?

    <p>1 in 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common nutrition problem in children and adolescents with chronic health conditions?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the CHILD 1 diet?

    <p>A modified version of the DASH diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a factor that can affect a child's ability to consume, digest, or absorb nutrients?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are children and adolescents with chronic health conditions at increased risk for nutrition-related health problems?

    <p>Because they may have physical, biochemical, or environmental factors that affect their nutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common environmental factor influencing a child's access to and acceptance of food?

    <p>Parental influence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the DASH diet for the prevention of type 2 diabetes?

    <p>To promote a healthy body weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Adolescent Nutrition: Conditions and Interventions

    OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY

    • Prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents has nearly doubled in the last 20 years
    • Environmental factors, or interactions between genetic and environmental factors, are the most likely causes of the dramatic rise in overweight and obesity
    • Risk factors include having at least one overweight or obese parent, low socioeconomic status, being of African American, Hispanic, or American Indian/Native Alaskan race/ethnicity, and being diagnosed with a chronic or disabling condition that limits mobility
    • Inadequate levels of physical activity and consuming diets high in total calories and added sugars and fats are behavioral risk factors common among a significant proportion of adolescents

    DEFINITIONS AND CLASSIFICATION

    • Weight status among adolescents should be assessed by calculating body mass index (BMI)
    • BMI values are compared to age- and gender-appropriate percentiles to determine the appropriateness of the individual's weight for height

    HEALTH IMPLICATIONS OF ADOLESCENT OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY

    • Chronic health issues that are comorbid conditions of adolescent obesity include:
      • Hypertension
      • Dyslipidemia
      • Insulin resistance
      • Type 2 diabetes mellitus
      • Sleep apnea and other hypoventilation disorders
      • Orthopedic problems
      • Hepatic diseases
      • Body image disturbances
      • Lowered self-esteem

    ASSESSMENT AND TREATMENT OF ADOLESCENT OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY

    • Screening: every year (weight-for-height)
    • Risk factors present >> in-depth assessment
    • Treatment: staged care process based on BMI, co-morbid conditions, age, and progress with previous stages of treatment
    • Stage 1: Prevention Plus: adolescents with BMI of ≥85th but <95th percentile, increased dietary intake of foods rich in iron and vitamin C, and iron supplementation

    SPECIAL DIETARY CONCERNS AMONG ADOLESCENTS

    • Hypertension (HTN): elevated BP, risk factors include family history of HTN, high dietary intake of Na, overweight or obesity, hyperlipidemia, inactive lifestyle, and tobacco use
    • Hyperlipidemia: 1 in 4 adolescents has elevated cholesterol, CHILD 1 (Cardiovascular Health Integrated Lifestyle Diet) diet
    • Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: type 2 diabetes prevention includes reaching and maintaining a healthy body weight, engaging in regular physical activity, and following the DASH diet
    • Children and Adolescents with Chronic Health Conditions: increased risk for nutrition-related health problems due to physical, biochemical, and psychological factors

    Adolescent Nutrition: Conditions and Interventions

    OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY

    • Prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents has nearly doubled in the last 20 years
    • Environmental factors, or interactions between genetic and environmental factors, are the most likely causes of the dramatic rise in overweight and obesity
    • Risk factors include having at least one overweight or obese parent, low socioeconomic status, being of African American, Hispanic, or American Indian/Native Alaskan race/ethnicity, and being diagnosed with a chronic or disabling condition that limits mobility
    • Inadequate levels of physical activity and consuming diets high in total calories and added sugars and fats are behavioral risk factors common among a significant proportion of adolescents

    DEFINITIONS AND CLASSIFICATION

    • Weight status among adolescents should be assessed by calculating body mass index (BMI)
    • BMI values are compared to age- and gender-appropriate percentiles to determine the appropriateness of the individual's weight for height

    HEALTH IMPLICATIONS OF ADOLESCENT OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY

    • Chronic health issues that are comorbid conditions of adolescent obesity include:
      • Hypertension
      • Dyslipidemia
      • Insulin resistance
      • Type 2 diabetes mellitus
      • Sleep apnea and other hypoventilation disorders
      • Orthopedic problems
      • Hepatic diseases
      • Body image disturbances
      • Lowered self-esteem

    ASSESSMENT AND TREATMENT OF ADOLESCENT OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY

    • Screening: every year (weight-for-height)
    • Risk factors present >> in-depth assessment
    • Treatment: staged care process based on BMI, co-morbid conditions, age, and progress with previous stages of treatment
    • Stage 1: Prevention Plus: adolescents with BMI of ≥85th but <95th percentile, increased dietary intake of foods rich in iron and vitamin C, and iron supplementation

    SPECIAL DIETARY CONCERNS AMONG ADOLESCENTS

    • Hypertension (HTN): elevated BP, risk factors include family history of HTN, high dietary intake of Na, overweight or obesity, hyperlipidemia, inactive lifestyle, and tobacco use
    • Hyperlipidemia: 1 in 4 adolescents has elevated cholesterol, CHILD 1 (Cardiovascular Health Integrated Lifestyle Diet) diet
    • Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: type 2 diabetes prevention includes reaching and maintaining a healthy body weight, engaging in regular physical activity, and following the DASH diet
    • Children and Adolescents with Chronic Health Conditions: increased risk for nutrition-related health problems due to physical, biochemical, and psychological factors

    Adolescent Nutrition: Conditions and Interventions

    OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY

    • Prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents has nearly doubled in the last 20 years
    • Environmental factors, or interactions between genetic and environmental factors, are the most likely causes of the dramatic rise in overweight and obesity
    • Risk factors include having at least one overweight or obese parent, low socioeconomic status, being of African American, Hispanic, or American Indian/Native Alaskan race/ethnicity, and being diagnosed with a chronic or disabling condition that limits mobility
    • Inadequate levels of physical activity and consuming diets high in total calories and added sugars and fats are behavioral risk factors common among a significant proportion of adolescents

    DEFINITIONS AND CLASSIFICATION

    • Weight status among adolescents should be assessed by calculating body mass index (BMI)
    • BMI values are compared to age- and gender-appropriate percentiles to determine the appropriateness of the individual's weight for height

    HEALTH IMPLICATIONS OF ADOLESCENT OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY

    • Chronic health issues that are comorbid conditions of adolescent obesity include:
      • Hypertension
      • Dyslipidemia
      • Insulin resistance
      • Type 2 diabetes mellitus
      • Sleep apnea and other hypoventilation disorders
      • Orthopedic problems
      • Hepatic diseases
      • Body image disturbances
      • Lowered self-esteem

    ASSESSMENT AND TREATMENT OF ADOLESCENT OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY

    • Screening: every year (weight-for-height)
    • Risk factors present >> in-depth assessment
    • Treatment: staged care process based on BMI, co-morbid conditions, age, and progress with previous stages of treatment
    • Stage 1: Prevention Plus: adolescents with BMI of ≥85th but <95th percentile, increased dietary intake of foods rich in iron and vitamin C, and iron supplementation

    SPECIAL DIETARY CONCERNS AMONG ADOLESCENTS

    • Hypertension (HTN): elevated BP, risk factors include family history of HTN, high dietary intake of Na, overweight or obesity, hyperlipidemia, inactive lifestyle, and tobacco use
    • Hyperlipidemia: 1 in 4 adolescents has elevated cholesterol, CHILD 1 (Cardiovascular Health Integrated Lifestyle Diet) diet
    • Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: type 2 diabetes prevention includes reaching and maintaining a healthy body weight, engaging in regular physical activity, and following the DASH diet
    • Children and Adolescents with Chronic Health Conditions: increased risk for nutrition-related health problems due to physical, biochemical, and psychological factors

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