Science and Technology Advancements
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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason behind the substitution of technology?

  • Need for a better and updated version (correct)
  • Lack of modernity in a culture
  • Low opinion leadership
  • High physical distance between people

    • Which of the following factors affects the diffusion of technology?

  • Employment rate
  • Per capita income
  • Modernity and homophily (correct)
  • Gross National Product (GNP)

    • What does Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measure?

  • The employment rate of a country
  • The total value of goods and services provided in a country per month
  • The average income earned by a person in a particular place
  • The money spent by the consumers on goods, income from business and government investments (correct)

    • What is the formula to calculate Gross National Product (GNP)?

    <p>Income of people + Income overseas - Income paid to foreigners = GNP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of national development through science and technology?

    <p>It is necessary for a nation to sustain the lives of its people and be self-sufficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an indicator of national development?

    <p>Gross Domestic Product (GDP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the current employment rate of the Philippines as of February 2023?

    <p>95.2%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of measuring per capita income?

    <p>To measure the quality of life and economic status of a place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of accessing online materials compared to oral passing of information?

    <p>The accuracy of information is more reliable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a technological advancement in education?

    <p>Online classrooms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit of smart homes?

    <p>It makes the entire house centralized and can be connected on phones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of advancements in traveling and transportation?

    <p>It is more convenient to travel from one country to another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a beneficial advancement in the health industry?

    <p>Swift Ray-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a result of the development of machines in industry?

    <p>Increased production and reduced labor cost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an opportunity provided by technology in terms of business?

    <p>Establishing businesses through online</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a type of technology used in robots like Grace and Sofia?

    <p>Lydar technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the disadvantages of automation in businesses?

    <p>Job loss and human displacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a concern related to the development of world destruction weapons?

    <p>Their ethical implications on human life and the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of excessive dependence on modern technology?

    <p>Reduced intelligence and creativity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a concern related to real-time surveillance and imagery?

    <p>Its potential to violate human privacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a risk associated with colonizing Mars?

    <p>The risk of sending humans as part of the experimentation process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a concern related to wearable technology?

    <p>Its potential to expose private details</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of state-sponsored hacktivism?

    <p>Hacking into a government database</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a concern related to enhanced pathogens?

    <p>Their potential to expose the virus to the general public</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Changes in Science and Technology

    • Substitution: Technology is replaced by a new or better one, e.g., software updates, creation of better technologies.
    • Diffusion: The spread of adopted technologies from the source to receivers, influenced by:

      Factors of Diffusion

      • Modernity: The extent to which a culture is receptive to new things, affecting how technology is welcomed or received.
      • Homophily: The similarity of society members, making it more likely for innovation to spread.
      • Physical Distance: The shorter the distance between people, the more likely innovation will spread.
      • Opinion Leadership: Charismatic influencers, such as reviews or vlogs, play a role in technology adoption.

    National Development through S&T

    • A nation that does not prosper through S&T will struggle to sustain its people's lives and may have to depend on other nations for basic requirements.

    National Development Indicators

    • Economic Indicators

      • Gross Domestic Product (GDP): Measures income or expenditures within a country, including consumer spending, business income, and government investments.
      • Per Capita Income: Average income earned by a person in a particular place, measuring economic status and quality of life.
      • Gross National Product (GNP): The sum of all goods and services produced in a country by its people in a year, including income from abroad.

    • Labor Indicators

      • Employment Rate: Measures labor resource utilization, with a high rate above 70% and a low rate below 50%. (Philippines: 95.2% as of Feb 2023)
      • Structure of Labor Force: The total number of men and women able to work, whether employed or unemployed.

    • Human Development Indicators

      • Human Life Expectancy: The average number of years an individual or group can expect to live (Male: 68.7, Female: 74.7 in the Philippines).

    • Urbanization Indicators

      • Percentage of Urban Population: The percentage of people living in urban areas, not relying on agriculture products.

    • Income Distribution Indicators

      • Income Distribution: Measures how a country's GDP is distributed, highlighting the distribution of wealth among the rich and poor. (In the Philippines, 1% of the population controls most of the wealth.)

    Information and Social Networking

    • Oral passing of information compromised the certainty of facts, whereas online materials are validated and more reliable.

    Convenience in Education

    • Education is no longer limited to the classroom, with online classrooms and e-resources like e-books and e-journals.

    Improved Housing, Lifestyle, and Entertainment

    • Smart homes, like Siri, Alexa, and Google, can control features like temperature, Wi-Fi, and lights, making the entire house centralized and connected to phones.
    • Virtual Reality (VR) technology has improved entertainment, with examples like VR Boxing.

    Convenience in Traveling/ Transportation

    • Modern technology enables fast and convenient travel from one country to another.

    Change in the Health Industry

    • Swift Ray-1, a device that creates medical-grade images using smartphones to diagnose wounds and monitor them.
    • Other notable advancements include Artificial Retina, advanced prosthetics, anti-aging drugs, and tooth regeneration.
    • Robotic nurses, like Grace and Sofia, assist patients and remove some workload from healthcare workers, using Lydar technology.

    Efficiency and Productivity

    • Machines can perform tasks with precision and efficiency, resulting in fast mass production and reduced labor costs.

    Creativity and Innovation

    • Online opportunities enable creative and innovative approaches to business and access to information that boosts creativity.

    Disadvantages of Modern Technology

    Job Loss and Human Displacement

    • Automation leads to job loss as businesses invest in machines for efficiency and quality.

    World Destruction Weapons

    • Weapons like nuclear, biological, or chemical weapons have ethical implications and can cause significant damage to humans, infrastructures, or the planet.

    Physical-Social Isolation

    • Over-reliance on technology leads to isolation, causing absence in relationships with families and friends.

    Increased Loneliness

    • Dependence on modern tools and technology contributes to increased loneliness.

    Reduced Intelligence

    • Over-reliance on technology reduces creativity and innovation.

    Emerging Technological Ethical Dilemmas

    Real-Time Surveillance

    • Real-time surveillance and imagery can be helpful but may violate human privacy.

    Colonizing Mars

    • NASA Mars One, a space mission to colonize Mars, raises ethical concerns about risk assessment and human experimentation.

    Wearable Technology

    • Smart watches and devices may expose private details.

    State-Sponsored Hacktivism and “Soft War”

    • Hacking government databases or organizations for valuable information is a form of terrorism in the ICT field.

    Enhanced Pathogens

    • Research on human pathogens like bacteria and viruses poses a risk to bio-safety and human life.

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    Description

    Discover the concepts of substitution and diffusion of technology, influenced by factors such as modernity and homophily.

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