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Electrolyte Imbalance in Nursing
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Electrolyte Imbalance in Nursing

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Questions and Answers

Which electrolyte is the major cation in intracellular fluid (ICF)?

  • Sodium
  • Potassium (correct)
  • Calcium
  • Magnesium
  • What is the daily dietary requirement of potassium for adults?

  • 40-60 mEq
  • 8 g
  • 1,200 mg (correct)
  • 2,000 mg
  • Which element is essential in determining cell membrane potential and excitability, as well as necessary for proper nerve and muscle cell functioning?

  • Sodium
  • Magnesium
  • Calcium
  • Potassium (correct)
  • Which electrolyte contributes to nerve conduction, neuromuscular function, and maintains water balance in the body?

    <p>Sodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for serum calcium levels?

    <p>4.5 to 5.5 mEq/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Inadequate intake of which mineral can result in bone demineralization?

    <p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mineral is primarily stored in the bone and plays a role in normal bone and tooth formation?

    <p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some early signs of hypercalcemia?

    <p>Drowsiness, lethargy, metallic taste in the mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mineral is essential for transmitting nerve impulses to muscles and activating enzymes?

    <p>Magnesium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most abundant cation in extracellular fluid (ECF) that contributes to maintaining osmotic pressure and water balance?

    <p>Sodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diuretic acts primarily on the thick ascending loop of Henle?

    <p>Loop diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics absorbed primarily?

    <p>Intestines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a major side effect of thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics?

    <p>Hypokalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diuretic is structurally similar to aldosterone and acts as an aldosterone antagonist?

    <p>Potassium-sparing diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse reaction associated with loop diuretics?

    <p>Hypokalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diuretic pulls water into the renal tubule without sodium loss?

    <p>Osmotic diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug interaction may result in increased risk of ototoxicity when combined with loop diuretics?

    <p>Aminoglycosides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What electrolyte imbalance may occur when potassium-sparing diuretics are taken together with a high-potassium diet?

    <p>Hyperkalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what situation would osmotic diuretics be the 'diuretic of choice'?

    <p>Glaucoma acute attacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of diuretic is known for having the most potent effects among all diuretics available?

    <p>Loop diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

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