Human Migration and Early Survival

Human Migration and Development

• Around 60,000 years ago, humans migrated out of Africa, spreading to Asia, Australia, and Europe, replacing existing human populations.
• All modern humans originated in Africa, according to a widely held theory.

Early Human Survival

• Early modern humans survived by roaming the land in search of wild animals to hunt or collecting berries, nuts, and seeds to eat.
• Around 10,000 years ago, humans began settling down and turned to agriculture, raising crops and animals for food and clothing.

Impact of Agriculture

• Agriculture allowed humans to live in one place, leading to permanent shelters, population growth, and larger villages.
• This early advancement had a dramatic effect on the development of humanity.

Development of Civilizations

• The first cities arose around 5,000 years later, and with them, the first civilizations.
• Civilizations developed into powerful empires, with common characteristics like leaders, economic activities, and social structures.

Hunter-Gatherer Societies

• Humans lived as hunter-gatherers for nearly 2.5 million years, hunting wild animals and gathering edible plants.
• Early modern humans, who had populated much of the globe by 30,000 years ago, continued the hunting-and-gathering way of life.

Stone Age

• The period in human history from 2.5 million years ago to around 3000 B.C.E. is known as the Stone Age.
• The Stone Age is divided into two major periods: the Paleolithic ("Old Stone") and the Neolithic ("New Stone").

Characteristics of Hunter-Gatherer Societies

• Hunter-gatherer groups were largely self-sufficient, securing their own food supply and moving from place to place as needed.
• They clothed themselves in animal furs, lived in caves or built shelters, and crafted tools out of wood, bone, antlers, and stone.
• Stone tools have survived the best, providing evidence for archaeologists to study.

Human Migration and Development

• Around 60,000 years ago, humans migrated out of Africa, spreading to Asia, Australia, and Europe, replacing existing human populations.
• All modern humans originated in Africa, according to a widely held theory.

Early Human Survival

• Early modern humans survived by roaming the land in search of wild animals to hunt or collecting berries, nuts, and seeds to eat.
• Around 10,000 years ago, humans began settling down and turned to agriculture, raising crops and animals for food and clothing.

Impact of Agriculture

• Agriculture allowed humans to live in one place, leading to permanent shelters, population growth, and larger villages.
• This early advancement had a dramatic effect on the development of humanity.

Development of Civilizations

• The first cities arose around 5,000 years later, and with them, the first civilizations.
• Civilizations developed into powerful empires, with common characteristics like leaders, economic activities, and social structures.

Hunter-Gatherer Societies

• Humans lived as hunter-gatherers for nearly 2.5 million years, hunting wild animals and gathering edible plants.
• Early modern humans, who had populated much of the globe by 30,000 years ago, continued the hunting-and-gathering way of life.

Stone Age

• The period in human history from 2.5 million years ago to around 3000 B.C.E. is known as the Stone Age.
• The Stone Age is divided into two major periods: the Paleolithic ("Old Stone") and the Neolithic ("New Stone").

Characteristics of Hunter-Gatherer Societies

• Hunter-gatherer groups were largely self-sufficient, securing their own food supply and moving from place to place as needed.
• They clothed themselves in animal furs, lived in caves or built shelters, and crafted tools out of wood, bone, antlers, and stone.
• Stone tools have survived the best, providing evidence for archaeologists to study.