Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary goal of multidrug therapy in tuberculosis treatment?
What is the primary goal of multidrug therapy in tuberculosis treatment?
- To replace rifampin with rifabutin
- To reduce the incidence of toxicity
- To shorten the treatment duration
- To suppress resistant organisms (correct)
What is the typical duration of the intensive phase of standard short-course chemotherapy for tuberculosis?
What is the typical duration of the intensive phase of standard short-course chemotherapy for tuberculosis?
- 2 months (correct)
- 4 months
- 1 month
- 6 months
When is it advisable to use rifabutin or rifapentine instead of rifampin?
When is it advisable to use rifabutin or rifapentine instead of rifampin?
- In cases of standard tuberculosis
- Under certain circumstances (correct)
- In combination with isoniazid
- In cases of MDR-TB
What is the purpose of continuing therapy for a longer period after initial improvement?
What is the purpose of continuing therapy for a longer period after initial improvement?
What is the typical duration of the continuation phase of standard short-course chemotherapy for tuberculosis?
What is the typical duration of the continuation phase of standard short-course chemotherapy for tuberculosis?
What is the most serious adverse effect associated with isoniazid?
What is the most serious adverse effect associated with isoniazid?
What is a common component of second-line regimens for MDR-TB?
What is a common component of second-line regimens for MDR-TB?
What can be used to prevent peripheral neuropathy caused by isoniazid?
What can be used to prevent peripheral neuropathy caused by isoniazid?
What is a risk factor for the incidence of hepatitis caused by isoniazid?
What is a risk factor for the incidence of hepatitis caused by isoniazid?
What is a potential interaction between isoniazid and other medications?
What is a potential interaction between isoniazid and other medications?
What is a characteristic of rifampin compared to isoniazid?
What is a characteristic of rifampin compared to isoniazid?
What is a common adverse effect of rifampin and other rifamycins?
What is a common adverse effect of rifampin and other rifamycins?
What is the difference in treatment duration between drug-susceptible TB and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB)?
What is the difference in treatment duration between drug-susceptible TB and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB)?
What can happen to resistant organisms under selective pressure from inadequate treatment?
What can happen to resistant organisms under selective pressure from inadequate treatment?
What is the minimum duration of treatment for active TB disease?
What is the minimum duration of treatment for active TB disease?
What is the treatment duration for Latent TB Infections (LTBI) with isoniazid (INH) monotherapy?
What is the treatment duration for Latent TB Infections (LTBI) with isoniazid (INH) monotherapy?
Why are second-line drugs used in TB treatment?
Why are second-line drugs used in TB treatment?
What is the reason for the rapid development of resistance in TB patients given only streptomycin?
What is the reason for the rapid development of resistance in TB patients given only streptomycin?
Why is rifampin never given as a single agent in the treatment of active tuberculosis?
Why is rifampin never given as a single agent in the treatment of active tuberculosis?
What is the mechanism of action of rifampin?
What is the mechanism of action of rifampin?
What type of microorganisms is rifampin bactericidal for?
What type of microorganisms is rifampin bactericidal for?
What causes resistance to rifampin?
What causes resistance to rifampin?
How does rifampin undergo elimination?
How does rifampin undergo elimination?
What is a potential consequence of rifampin's effect on hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes?
What is a potential consequence of rifampin's effect on hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes?
What is the main route of elimination of rifampin and its metabolites?
What is the main route of elimination of rifampin and its metabolites?
What is a common adverse effect of rifampin?
What is a common adverse effect of rifampin?
Why should patients be warned about taking rifampin?
Why should patients be warned about taking rifampin?
What is a rare but serious adverse effect of rifampin?
What is a rare but serious adverse effect of rifampin?
What happens to the elimination half-life of rifampin over the first 1-2 weeks of dosing?
What happens to the elimination half-life of rifampin over the first 1-2 weeks of dosing?
What is a potential problem associated with intermittent dosing of rifampin?
What is a potential problem associated with intermittent dosing of rifampin?
What is the primary mechanism of resistance to isoniazid?
What is the primary mechanism of resistance to isoniazid?
What is the effect of food, particularly high-fat meals, on isoniazid absorption?
What is the effect of food, particularly high-fat meals, on isoniazid absorption?
What is the primary route of excretion of isoniazid metabolites?
What is the primary route of excretion of isoniazid metabolites?
What is the difference in serum half-life between fast and slow acetylators of isoniazid?
What is the difference in serum half-life between fast and slow acetylators of isoniazid?
What is the consequence of overexpression of the target enzyme InhA in relation to isoniazid?
What is the consequence of overexpression of the target enzyme InhA in relation to isoniazid?
What is the concentration of isoniazid in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) compared to serum?
What is the concentration of isoniazid in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) compared to serum?
Rifampin induces which type of enzymes, leading to decreased half-lives of co-administered drugs?
Rifampin induces which type of enzymes, leading to decreased half-lives of co-administered drugs?
Why is rifabutin preferred over rifampin for TB patients coinfected with HIV?
Why is rifabutin preferred over rifampin for TB patients coinfected with HIV?
What is a characteristic of rifapentine compared to rifampin?
What is a characteristic of rifapentine compared to rifampin?
What is the mechanism of action of pyrazinamide?
What is the mechanism of action of pyrazinamide?
What is a potential consequence of rifampin's effect on hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes?
What is a potential consequence of rifampin's effect on hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes?
What is a common adverse effect of rifabutin?
What is a common adverse effect of rifabutin?
What is the effect of autoinduction on rifampin's elimination half-life?
What is the effect of autoinduction on rifampin's elimination half-life?
What percentage of rifampin and its metabolites is cleared in the urine?
What percentage of rifampin and its metabolites is cleared in the urine?
Why should patients be warned about taking rifampin?
Why should patients be warned about taking rifampin?
What is a rare but serious adverse effect of rifampin?
What is a rare but serious adverse effect of rifampin?
Why should rifampin be used judiciously in certain patients?
Why should rifampin be used judiciously in certain patients?
What can occur with intermittent dosing of rifampin, especially with higher doses?
What can occur with intermittent dosing of rifampin, especially with higher doses?
Which of the following antibiotics is a structural analog of isoniazid?
Which of the following antibiotics is a structural analog of isoniazid?
Which of the following antibiotics is primarily excreted unchanged in urine?
Which of the following antibiotics is primarily excreted unchanged in urine?
What is a common adverse effect of Cycloserine?
What is a common adverse effect of Cycloserine?
Which of the following antibiotics inhibits protein synthesis?
Which of the following antibiotics inhibits protein synthesis?
Which of the following antibiotics is widely distributed throughout the body, including the CSF?
Which of the following antibiotics is widely distributed throughout the body, including the CSF?
Which of the following antibiotics works via folic acid inhibition?
Which of the following antibiotics works via folic acid inhibition?
What is the primary mechanism of action of pyrazinamide against tuberculosis bacilli?
What is the primary mechanism of action of pyrazinamide against tuberculosis bacilli?
What is a common adverse effect associated with pyrazinamide?
What is a common adverse effect associated with pyrazinamide?
What is the primary reason for discontinuing pyrazinamide after 2 months of treatment?
What is the primary reason for discontinuing pyrazinamide after 2 months of treatment?
What is the specific target of ethambutol in the mycobacterial cell wall?
What is the specific target of ethambutol in the mycobacterial cell wall?
What is the primary route of elimination of ethambutol and its metabolites?
What is the primary route of elimination of ethambutol and its metabolites?
Why may ethambutol be discontinued during treatment?
Why may ethambutol be discontinued during treatment?
