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Questions and Answers
What is the common name of Trichuris trichiura?
What is the shape of the ova of Trichuris trichiura?
Where do Trichuris trichiura inhabit in the human body?
What is the diagnosis method for Trichuris trichiura?
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What is the shape of the adult Ancylostoma duodenale?
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What is the characteristic feature of the male Ancylostoma duodenale?
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What is the indication of Ancylostoma duodenale infection in humans?
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What is the diagnostic method for Ancylostoma duodenale infection?
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Study Notes
Metazoa: Nematodes
- Trichuris trichiura, also known as whipworm, is a soil-transmitted helminth that often co-occurs with Ascaris lumbricoides due to similar transmission and distribution modes.
- Causes Trichuriasis, a disease affecting the large intestine.
Morphology of Trichuris trichiura
- Inhabit the large intestine, inserting into the intestinal wall of the cecum in a pin-like fashion.
- The worm has a whip-like shape, with the anterior 3/5 being slender and the posterior 2/5 being thick.
- Males are smaller than females.
- Ova (eggs) are barrel or spindle-shaped, 50 x 20µm in size, and brownish in color with bipolar mucus plugs at either end.
Diagnosis of Trichuriasis
- Diagnosed through direct fecal smear.
Ancylostoma duodenale (Hookworms)
- Causes hookworm disease, also known as Ancylostomiasis.
- Lives in the small intestine.
- Two species of hookworms infect humans: Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale.
Morphology of Ancylostoma duodenale
- Adults resemble an odd piece of thread, approximately 1cm in length, and are white or light pinkish in color.
- Females are slightly larger than males.
- The male's posterior end is expanded to form a copulatory bursa, and its shape resembles a C.
- Eggs are oval, 60×40 µm in size, with a thin and colorless shell, and contain 2-8 cells.
Hookworm Life Cycle
- Adults inhabit the intestinal mucosa.
Diagnosis of Ancylostomiasis
- Hemoglobin levels lower than 120g/L in men and 110g/L in women.
- Diagnosed through direct fecal smear to detect hookworm eggs.
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