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Which technique is currently used by plant scientists for targeted genome editing?

rDNA techniques
Previous GE methods
CRISPR-Cas system (correct)
Random integration

What does CRISPR stand for?

Complementary RNA Identification System
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (correct)
Cas Protein Encoding System
Cutting and Modifying DNA

What is the function of CRISPRs in bacteria?

To produce small non-coding RNAs
To record previous viral infections (correct)
To incorporate viral DNA into the genome
To identify and fight bacterial infections

What do Cas genes encode for in bacteria?

Adaptive immune system (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between genome editing and genetic engineering (GE)?

GE refers to a broader category of techniques while genome editing is a specific technique (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the CRISPR-Cas system in bacteria?

To detect and fight subsequent viral attacks (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the CRISPR-Cas system is needed for genome editing?

Cas9 enzyme (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the guide RNA in the CRISPR-Cas9 process?

To locate and bind to the targeted DNA sequence (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the Cas9 enzyme cuts the DNA at the targeted location?

The plant cell's repair machinery re-attaches the cut DNA ends (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential improvement that can be achieved through genome editing in crops?

Reduced water availability (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of including a repair template during the plant transformation process?

To direct the repair of the genomic DNA at the cut site (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which crop was the first to have a commercially available genome-edited food product in 2019?

Soybean (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a potential CRISPR-Cas delivery method?

Viral-mediated delivery (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using plasmid-mediated delivery in genome editing?

To carry the genes for the guide RNA and Cas that destroys the crop protein (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor influences the choice of CRISPR-Cas delivery method?

The type of plant being edited (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of direct delivery of the Cas9 protein with guide RNA into plant cells?

To provide a solution to the citrus greening disease (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of improving the cacao plant's ability to fight a virus in West Africa?

To protect the cacao crop in West Africa from a virus (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these is NOT mentioned as a factor influencing the choice of CRISPR-Cas delivery method?

The availability of funding (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using direct delivery of the Cas9 protein with guide RNA into plant cells?

To provide a solution to the citrus greening disease (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these is mentioned as a potential CRISPR-Cas delivery method?

Plasmid-mediated delivery (A) Signup and view all the answers