9.1. Model of critical thinking

The lack of empirical study of critical thinking has resulted in a unified view of the construct.

In 1990, an effort was made in philosophy to reach a consensus definition of critical thinking.

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 incorporates ideas offered by leading thinkers in philosophy and education.

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 has not been used to make testable predictions about the factors that influence critical thinking.

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 provides practical guidance to the development of systems and training.

Reasoning and judgment are fields that have been empirically studied since the 1950s.

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 is not based on current thinking about reasoning and judgment.

The lack of empirical study of critical thinking has resulted in a unified view of the construct.

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 is not specific enough to permit empirical testing.

Which of the following is true about critical thinking?

What did the lack of empirical study of critical thinking result in?

What did the model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 aim to do?

What fields have been empirically studied since the 1950s?

What is the relationship between critical thinking and reasoning?

What is the main purpose of the model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004?

What effect did the effort in philosophy to reach a consensus definition of critical thinking in 1990 have?

What variables are discussed in the relevant literature about critical thinking?

What is the relationship between critical thinking and other individual difference dimensions?

What is the authors' opinion about the empirical study of critical thinking?

Critical thinking has been extensively studied and its relationship to other psychological constructs such as intelligence, working memory, and reasoning has been well-established.

Which of the following best describes the view of the authors regarding the lack of empirical study of critical thinking?

What did the model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 aim to do?

What did the effort in philosophy to reach a consensus definition of critical thinking in 1990 have?

Which of the following is true about the relationship between critical thinking and reasoning?

What variables are discussed in the relevant literature about critical thinking?

What is the main purpose of the model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004?

What is the relationship between critical thinking and other individual difference dimensions?

What effect did the lack of empirical study of critical thinking have on the construct?

What fields have been empirically studied since the 1950s?

Critical thinking has not endured the kind of ______ inspection typically bestowed upon constructs developed by psychologists.

Its relationship to other, well-established psychological constructs such as intelligence, working memory, and ______, for example, has rarely been studied.

It is the authors’ admittedly subjective opinion that the lack of ______ study of critical thinking and its relationship to other individual difference dimensions has produced a fractionated view of the construct.

Without the grounding of data, theorists have been free to postulate ______ concepts.

An effort in philosophy to reach a consensus definition in 1990 had little effect on ______ the field.

To fill this gap, Fischer and Spiker (2004) developed a model that is sufficiently ______ to permit empirical testing.

The model identifies the role of critical thinking within the related fields of ______ and judgment, which have been empirically studied since the 1950s and are better understood theoretically.

It incorporates many ideas offered by leading thinkers in ______ and education.

It also embodies many of the variables discussed in the relevant ______ (e.g., predisposing attitudes, experience, knowledge, and skills) and specifies the relationships among them.

The model can, and has been, used to make ______ predictions about the factors that influence critical thinking and about the associated psychological consequences.

Critical thinking has not endured the kind of ______ inspection typically bestowed upon constructs developed by psychologists.

Its relationship to other, well-established psychological constructs such as intelligence, working memory, and ______, for example, has rarely been studied.

To fill this gap, Fischer and Spiker (2004) developed a model that is sufficiently ______ to permit empirical testing.

Without the grounding of data, theorists have been free to postulate ______ concepts.

It is the authors’ admittedly subjective opinion that the lack of ______ study of critical thinking and its relationship to other individual difference dimensions has produced a fractionated view of the construct.

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 incorporates many ideas offered by leading thinkers in ______ and education.

What did the model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 aim to do?

What fields have been empirically studied since the 1950s?

The lack of empirical study of critical thinking has resulted in a ______ view of the construct.

What is the relationship between critical thinking and other individual difference dimensions?

Critical thinking has not endured the kind of ______ inspection typically bestowed upon constructs developed by psychologists.

Its relationship to other, well-established psychological constructs such as intelligence, working memory, and ______, for example, has rarely been studied.

It is the authors’ admittedly subjective opinion that the lack of ______ study of critical thinking and its relationship to other individual difference dimensions has produced a fractionated view of the construct.

Without the grounding of data, theorists have been free to postulate ______ concepts.

An effort in philosophy to reach a consensus definition in 1990 had little effect on ______ the field.

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 is not ______ enough to permit empirical testing.

The model identifies the role of critical thinking within the related fields of ______ and judgment, which have been empirically studied since the 1950s and are better understood theoretically.

The model can, and has been, used to make ______ predictions about the factors that influence critical thinking and about the associated psychological consequences.

The lack of empirical study of critical thinking has resulted in a ______ view of the construct.

What ______ are discussed in the relevant literature about critical thinking?