9.1. Model of critical thinking

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The lack of empirical study of critical thinking has resulted in a unified view of the construct.

True

False (correct)

In 1990, an effort was made in philosophy to reach a consensus definition of critical thinking.

False

True (correct)

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 incorporates ideas offered by leading thinkers in philosophy and education.

False

True (correct)

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 has not been used to make testable predictions about the factors that influence critical thinking.

False Signup and view all the answers

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 provides practical guidance to the development of systems and training.

True Signup and view all the answers

Reasoning and judgment are fields that have been empirically studied since the 1950s.

True Signup and view all the answers

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 is not based on current thinking about reasoning and judgment.

False Signup and view all the answers

The lack of empirical study of critical thinking has resulted in a unified view of the construct.

False Signup and view all the answers

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 is not specific enough to permit empirical testing.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about critical thinking?

It has not undergone much empirical inspection by psychologists. Signup and view all the answers

What did the lack of empirical study of critical thinking result in?

A fractionated view of the construct. Signup and view all the answers

What did the model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 aim to do?

Make testable predictions about critical thinking. Signup and view all the answers

What fields have been empirically studied since the 1950s?

Judgment and reasoning. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between critical thinking and reasoning?

Reasoning is a subset of critical thinking. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004?

To permit empirical testing of critical thinking. Signup and view all the answers

What effect did the effort in philosophy to reach a consensus definition of critical thinking in 1990 have?

It had little effect on unifying the field. Signup and view all the answers

What variables are discussed in the relevant literature about critical thinking?

Predisposing attitudes, experience, knowledge, and skills. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between critical thinking and other individual difference dimensions?

They have rarely been studied. Signup and view all the answers

What is the authors' opinion about the empirical study of critical thinking?

It has resulted in a fractionated view of the construct. Signup and view all the answers

Critical thinking has been extensively studied and its relationship to other psychological constructs such as intelligence, working memory, and reasoning has been well-established.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the view of the authors regarding the lack of empirical study of critical thinking?

They believe it has resulted in a fractionated view of the construct Signup and view all the answers

What did the model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 aim to do?

Make testable predictions about factors influencing critical thinking Signup and view all the answers

What did the effort in philosophy to reach a consensus definition of critical thinking in 1990 have?

It had little effect on unifying the field Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the relationship between critical thinking and reasoning?

Reasoning is a subset of critical thinking Signup and view all the answers

What variables are discussed in the relevant literature about critical thinking?

Predisposing attitudes, experience, knowledge, and skills Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004?

To make testable predictions about factors influencing critical thinking Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between critical thinking and other individual difference dimensions?

Critical thinking is unrelated to other individual difference dimensions Signup and view all the answers

What effect did the lack of empirical study of critical thinking have on the construct?

It resulted in a fractionated view of the construct Signup and view all the answers

What fields have been empirically studied since the 1950s?

Reasoning and judgment Signup and view all the answers

Critical thinking has not endured the kind of ______ inspection typically bestowed upon constructs developed by psychologists.

empirical Signup and view all the answers

Its relationship to other, well-established psychological constructs such as intelligence, working memory, and ______, for example, has rarely been studied.

reasoning Signup and view all the answers

It is the authors’ admittedly subjective opinion that the lack of ______ study of critical thinking and its relationship to other individual difference dimensions has produced a fractionated view of the construct.

empirical Signup and view all the answers

Without the grounding of data, theorists have been free to postulate ______ concepts.

divergent Signup and view all the answers

An effort in philosophy to reach a consensus definition in 1990 had little effect on ______ the field.

unifying Signup and view all the answers

To fill this gap, Fischer and Spiker (2004) developed a model that is sufficiently ______ to permit empirical testing.

specific Signup and view all the answers

The model identifies the role of critical thinking within the related fields of ______ and judgment, which have been empirically studied since the 1950s and are better understood theoretically.

reasoning Signup and view all the answers

It incorporates many ideas offered by leading thinkers in ______ and education.

philosophy Signup and view all the answers

It also embodies many of the variables discussed in the relevant ______ (e.g., predisposing attitudes, experience, knowledge, and skills) and specifies the relationships among them.

literature Signup and view all the answers

The model can, and has been, used to make ______ predictions about the factors that influence critical thinking and about the associated psychological consequences.

testable Signup and view all the answers

Critical thinking has not endured the kind of ______ inspection typically bestowed upon constructs developed by psychologists.

empirical Signup and view all the answers

Its relationship to other, well-established psychological constructs such as intelligence, working memory, and ______, for example, has rarely been studied.

reasoning Signup and view all the answers

To fill this gap, Fischer and Spiker (2004) developed a model that is sufficiently ______ to permit empirical testing.

specific Signup and view all the answers

Without the grounding of data, theorists have been free to postulate ______ concepts.

divergent Signup and view all the answers

It is the authors’ admittedly subjective opinion that the lack of ______ study of critical thinking and its relationship to other individual difference dimensions has produced a fractionated view of the construct.

empirical Signup and view all the answers

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 incorporates many ideas offered by leading thinkers in ______ and education.

philosophy Signup and view all the answers

What did the model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 aim to do?

make testable predictions about the factors that influence critical thinking and about the associated psychological consequences Signup and view all the answers

What fields have been empirically studied since the 1950s?

reasoning and judgment Signup and view all the answers

The lack of empirical study of critical thinking has resulted in a ______ view of the construct.

fractionated Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between critical thinking and other individual difference dimensions?

not studied Signup and view all the answers

Critical thinking has not endured the kind of ______ inspection typically bestowed upon constructs developed by psychologists.

empirical Signup and view all the answers

Its relationship to other, well-established psychological constructs such as intelligence, working memory, and ______, for example, has rarely been studied.

reasoning Signup and view all the answers

It is the authors’ admittedly subjective opinion that the lack of ______ study of critical thinking and its relationship to other individual difference dimensions has produced a fractionated view of the construct.

empirical Signup and view all the answers

Without the grounding of data, theorists have been free to postulate ______ concepts.

divergent Signup and view all the answers

An effort in philosophy to reach a consensus definition in 1990 had little effect on ______ the field.

unifying Signup and view all the answers

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 is not ______ enough to permit empirical testing.

specific Signup and view all the answers

The model identifies the role of critical thinking within the related fields of ______ and judgment, which have been empirically studied since the 1950s and are better understood theoretically.

reasoning Signup and view all the answers

The model can, and has been, used to make ______ predictions about the factors that influence critical thinking and about the associated psychological consequences.

testable Signup and view all the answers

The lack of empirical study of critical thinking has resulted in a ______ view of the construct.

fractionated Signup and view all the answers

What ______ are discussed in the relevant literature about critical thinking?

variables Signup and view all the answers

9.1. Model of critical thinking

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Questions and Answers

The lack of empirical study of critical thinking has resulted in a unified view of the construct.

In 1990, an effort was made in philosophy to reach a consensus definition of critical thinking.

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 incorporates ideas offered by leading thinkers in philosophy and education.

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 has not been used to make testable predictions about the factors that influence critical thinking.

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 provides practical guidance to the development of systems and training.

Reasoning and judgment are fields that have been empirically studied since the 1950s.

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 is not based on current thinking about reasoning and judgment.

The lack of empirical study of critical thinking has resulted in a unified view of the construct.

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 is not specific enough to permit empirical testing.

Which of the following is true about critical thinking?

What did the lack of empirical study of critical thinking result in?

What did the model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 aim to do?

What fields have been empirically studied since the 1950s?

What is the relationship between critical thinking and reasoning?

What is the main purpose of the model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004?

What effect did the effort in philosophy to reach a consensus definition of critical thinking in 1990 have?

What variables are discussed in the relevant literature about critical thinking?

What is the relationship between critical thinking and other individual difference dimensions?

What is the authors' opinion about the empirical study of critical thinking?

Critical thinking has been extensively studied and its relationship to other psychological constructs such as intelligence, working memory, and reasoning has been well-established.

Which of the following best describes the view of the authors regarding the lack of empirical study of critical thinking?

What did the model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 aim to do?

What did the effort in philosophy to reach a consensus definition of critical thinking in 1990 have?

Which of the following is true about the relationship between critical thinking and reasoning?

What variables are discussed in the relevant literature about critical thinking?

What is the main purpose of the model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004?

What is the relationship between critical thinking and other individual difference dimensions?

What effect did the lack of empirical study of critical thinking have on the construct?

What fields have been empirically studied since the 1950s?

Critical thinking has not endured the kind of ______ inspection typically bestowed upon constructs developed by psychologists.

Its relationship to other, well-established psychological constructs such as intelligence, working memory, and ______, for example, has rarely been studied.

It is the authors’ admittedly subjective opinion that the lack of ______ study of critical thinking and its relationship to other individual difference dimensions has produced a fractionated view of the construct.

Without the grounding of data, theorists have been free to postulate ______ concepts.

An effort in philosophy to reach a consensus definition in 1990 had little effect on ______ the field.

To fill this gap, Fischer and Spiker (2004) developed a model that is sufficiently ______ to permit empirical testing.

The model identifies the role of critical thinking within the related fields of ______ and judgment, which have been empirically studied since the 1950s and are better understood theoretically.

It incorporates many ideas offered by leading thinkers in ______ and education.

It also embodies many of the variables discussed in the relevant ______ (e.g., predisposing attitudes, experience, knowledge, and skills) and specifies the relationships among them.

The model can, and has been, used to make ______ predictions about the factors that influence critical thinking and about the associated psychological consequences.

Critical thinking has not endured the kind of ______ inspection typically bestowed upon constructs developed by psychologists.

Its relationship to other, well-established psychological constructs such as intelligence, working memory, and ______, for example, has rarely been studied.

To fill this gap, Fischer and Spiker (2004) developed a model that is sufficiently ______ to permit empirical testing.

Without the grounding of data, theorists have been free to postulate ______ concepts.

It is the authors’ admittedly subjective opinion that the lack of ______ study of critical thinking and its relationship to other individual difference dimensions has produced a fractionated view of the construct.

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 incorporates many ideas offered by leading thinkers in ______ and education.

What did the model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 aim to do?

What fields have been empirically studied since the 1950s?

The lack of empirical study of critical thinking has resulted in a ______ view of the construct.

What is the relationship between critical thinking and other individual difference dimensions?

Critical thinking has not endured the kind of ______ inspection typically bestowed upon constructs developed by psychologists.

Its relationship to other, well-established psychological constructs such as intelligence, working memory, and ______, for example, has rarely been studied.

It is the authors’ admittedly subjective opinion that the lack of ______ study of critical thinking and its relationship to other individual difference dimensions has produced a fractionated view of the construct.

Without the grounding of data, theorists have been free to postulate ______ concepts.

An effort in philosophy to reach a consensus definition in 1990 had little effect on ______ the field.

The model developed by Fischer and Spiker in 2004 is not ______ enough to permit empirical testing.

The model identifies the role of critical thinking within the related fields of ______ and judgment, which have been empirically studied since the 1950s and are better understood theoretically.

The model can, and has been, used to make ______ predictions about the factors that influence critical thinking and about the associated psychological consequences.

The lack of empirical study of critical thinking has resulted in a ______ view of the construct.

What ______ are discussed in the relevant literature about critical thinking?

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