Podcast
Questions and Answers
Critical thinking is __________.
Critical thinking is __________.
applying a set of skills to understand and evaluate information
Which of the following is a feminist criticism of the science of psychology?
Which of the following is a feminist criticism of the science of psychology?
Psychology is a social science discipline. Psychologists scientifically study __________.
Psychology is a social science discipline. Psychologists scientifically study __________.
the mind and behavior
Which kind of psychological area does the work of Jean Piaget exemplify?
Which kind of psychological area does the work of Jean Piaget exemplify?
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The empirical method of study is based on ________.
The empirical method of study is based on ________.
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Psychoanalytic theory focuses on __________.
Psychoanalytic theory focuses on __________.
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A hypothesis is defined as a __________.
A hypothesis is defined as a __________.
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William James was the __________.
William James was the __________.
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What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Sigmund Freud believed that understanding the unconscious mind was critical to understand subconscious behavior.
What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Sigmund Freud believed that understanding the unconscious mind was critical to understand subconscious behavior.
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Who started the feminist revolution in psychology?
Who started the feminist revolution in psychology?
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This is an example of ________.
This is an example of ________.
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The intelligence test has ________ reliability and ________ validity.
The intelligence test has ________ reliability and ________ validity.
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These studies would best be described as ________.
These studies would best be described as ________.
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A(n) ________ case study is conducted by gathering detailed information about participants who are psychological patients.
A(n) ________ case study is conducted by gathering detailed information about participants who are psychological patients.
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What do these results indicate? Despite advances in feminism, there are still gender inequalities in post-secondary studies.
What do these results indicate? Despite advances in feminism, there are still gender inequalities in post-secondary studies.
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Simply expecting something to happen can make it happen. This describes ________.
Simply expecting something to happen can make it happen. This describes ________.
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Which of the following is a scientific way of determining facts?
Which of the following is a scientific way of determining facts?
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This is an example of a(n) ________ design.
This is an example of a(n) ________ design.
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What type of research design did they use?
What type of research design did they use?
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In a ________ study, both the researchers and the participants are unaware of the group assignments.
In a ________ study, both the researchers and the participants are unaware of the group assignments.
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________ means that there is a relationship between two or more variables.
________ means that there is a relationship between two or more variables.
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Which of the following represents a strong negative correlation?
Which of the following represents a strong negative correlation?
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The ________ group does not get the experimental treatment.
The ________ group does not get the experimental treatment.
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Scientific knowledge is advanced through a process known as ________.
Scientific knowledge is advanced through a process known as ________.
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Which correlation coefficient best represents a moderate relationship showing fewer anxiety symptoms in people who report higher life satisfaction?
Which correlation coefficient best represents a moderate relationship showing fewer anxiety symptoms in people who report higher life satisfaction?
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A(n) ________ is a well-developed set of ideas that proposes an explanation for observed phenomena.
A(n) ________ is a well-developed set of ideas that proposes an explanation for observed phenomena.
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Which of the following would be the best example of a valid naturalistic observation study in driving behavior?
Which of the following would be the best example of a valid naturalistic observation study in driving behavior?
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A major advantage of case studies is ________.
A major advantage of case studies is ________.
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Which of the following research designs will allow cause-and-effect conclusions?
Which of the following research designs will allow cause-and-effect conclusions?
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Many studies that cannot ethically be conducted as experiments with typical human participants ________.
Many studies that cannot ethically be conducted as experiments with typical human participants ________.
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The central nervous system consists of the brain and the ________.
The central nervous system consists of the brain and the ________.
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The auditory cortex is located in which lobe of the brain?
The auditory cortex is located in which lobe of the brain?
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Which of the following behavioral symptoms most likely prompted the CT scan?
Which of the following behavioral symptoms most likely prompted the CT scan?
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Clive Wearing could remember which of the following types of memory?
Clive Wearing could remember which of the following types of memory?
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Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are drugs commonly prescribed for ________.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are drugs commonly prescribed for ________.
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Diabetes is a(n) ________ disorder because insulin is a ________.
Diabetes is a(n) ________ disorder because insulin is a ________.
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________ is a technique often used in studies investigating sleep patterns.
________ is a technique often used in studies investigating sleep patterns.
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Microchip brain implants are now used on a regular basis for the treatment of __________.
Microchip brain implants are now used on a regular basis for the treatment of __________.
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Which of the following imaging techniques does not collect information about brain functioning?
Which of the following imaging techniques does not collect information about brain functioning?
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The ________ nervous system is responsible for responses such as pupil dilation, increased heart rate, and increased respiration.
The ________ nervous system is responsible for responses such as pupil dilation, increased heart rate, and increased respiration.
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What do psychologists call a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience?
What do psychologists call a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience?
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Harold catches fish throughout the day at unpredictable intervals. Which reinforcement schedule is this?
Harold catches fish throughout the day at unpredictable intervals. Which reinforcement schedule is this?
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You call a friend on the phone and repeatedly get sent to voicemail, so you continue to call her every 5-20 minutes hoping to speak to her personally. Which reinforcement schedule is this?
You call a friend on the phone and repeatedly get sent to voicemail, so you continue to call her every 5-20 minutes hoping to speak to her personally. Which reinforcement schedule is this?
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Learning that occurs while watching others and then imitating, or modeling, what they do or say is called ________ learning.
Learning that occurs while watching others and then imitating, or modeling, what they do or say is called ________ learning.
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In ________ conditioning, an established conditioned stimulus is paired with a new neutral stimulus.
In ________ conditioning, an established conditioned stimulus is paired with a new neutral stimulus.
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Which of the following is an example of instinct: unlearned knowledge that involves complex patterns of behavior?
Which of the following is an example of instinct: unlearned knowledge that involves complex patterns of behavior?
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To maximize learning, a ________ should be presented on a(n) ________ schedule.
To maximize learning, a ________ should be presented on a(n) ________ schedule.
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Dave's boss told him that he doesn't have to attend the company picnic (which everybody dislikes) if Dave meets his sales quota this month. Dave's boss is using ________.
Dave's boss told him that he doesn't have to attend the company picnic (which everybody dislikes) if Dave meets his sales quota this month. Dave's boss is using ________.
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The puppy no longer greeting her when she enters the house is an example of ________.
The puppy no longer greeting her when she enters the house is an example of ________.
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In this example, squirming and giggling is a(n) ________.
In this example, squirming and giggling is a(n) ________.
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Which of the following is a good example of semantic encoding?
Which of the following is a good example of semantic encoding?
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Which category of memory failure associated with the seven sins of memory is exemplified by the following? Amantha left her phone somewhere, but she can't remember where.
Which category of memory failure associated with the seven sins of memory is exemplified by the following? Amantha left her phone somewhere, but she can't remember where.
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When you take a multiple-choice test, you are relying on ________, a means of retrieving information out of your long-term memory storage system that helps you choose the correct answer.
When you take a multiple-choice test, you are relying on ________, a means of retrieving information out of your long-term memory storage system that helps you choose the correct answer.
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When experiencing ________ amnesia, you experience loss of memory for events that occurred prior to the trauma.
When experiencing ________ amnesia, you experience loss of memory for events that occurred prior to the trauma.
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Felipe looks over his presentation, and he notices that some of the words are written in bold and some are written in italic.His ability to remember these differences is an example of ________ encoding.
Felipe looks over his presentation, and he notices that some of the words are written in bold and some are written in italic.His ability to remember these differences is an example of ________ encoding.
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Elaborative rehearsal involves ________.
Elaborative rehearsal involves ________.
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Dozens of people witness a purse snatching. One of the eyewitnesses loudly yells, 'The man with the blue shirt did it.' Later, when questioned by police, several other eyewitnesses remember the purse snatcher wearing a blue shirt, even though the purse snatcher was a woman in a flowered dress. This is an example of ________.
Dozens of people witness a purse snatching. One of the eyewitnesses loudly yells, 'The man with the blue shirt did it.' Later, when questioned by police, several other eyewitnesses remember the purse snatcher wearing a blue shirt, even though the purse snatcher was a woman in a flowered dress. This is an example of ________.
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Which part of my brain is probably damaged if I am unable to recognize basic objects around my house?
Which part of my brain is probably damaged if I am unable to recognize basic objects around my house?
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What are the two components of declarative memory?
What are the two components of declarative memory?
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Which of the following statements about eyewitness testimony is correct?
Which of the following statements about eyewitness testimony is correct?
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Study Notes
Critical Thinking
- Critical thinking involves applying skills to understand and evaluate information.
- It is essential for analyzing controversial topics and drawing informed conclusions.
Feminist Criticism in Psychology
- Feminist criticism highlights male bias in science, emphasizing that male psychologists often overlook women's perspectives and experiences.
Psychology as a Discipline
- Psychology studies both the mind and behavior, recognizing the interplay between cognitive processes and actions.
Developmental Psychology
- Jean Piaget is a key figure in developmental psychology, known for his work on cognitive development in children.
Empirical Method
- The empirical method relies on observation as a systematic way to study phenomena rather than guesswork.
Psychoanalytic Theory
- Focuses on a person's unconscious mind and its influence on behavior, particularly childhood experiences.
Hypothesis Definition
- A hypothesis is a tentative explanation that can guide research and experimentation.
William James
- Recognized as the first American psychologist, he contributed significantly to the field with his writings.
Sigmund Freud's Theories
- Freud emphasized the unconscious mind's role in understanding conscious behaviors, correcting misconceptions about subconscious behavior.
Feminist Revolution in Psychology
- Naomi Weisstein is credited with initiating the feminist revolution in psychology, advocating for women's representation in psychological research.
Confirmation Bias
- This term describes the tendency to favor information that confirms pre-existing beliefs despite evidence to the contrary.
Test Reliability and Validity
- A test may show high reliability (consistent results) but low validity if it correlates weakly with other measures of intelligence.
Research Methods
- Case studies allow in-depth study of individual behaviors, particularly useful for understanding complex conditions like brain injuries.
Observational Studies
- Naturalistic observation captures behaviors in natural settings without manipulation, providing authentic insights.
Double-Blind Studies
- A study designed so both researchers and participants are unaware of group assignments, eliminating bias.
Correlation vs. Causation
- Correlation indicates a relationship between variables, while causation implies one variable directly affects another.
Reinforcement Schedules
- Variable interval schedules result in unpredictable reinforcement, encouraging ongoing behavior, whereas fixed intervals produce regular responses.
Learning Theories
- Observational learning occurs through modeling behaviors seen in others and higher-order conditioning involves pairing a new stimulus with an established one.
Types of Memory
- Semantic memory relates to knowledge and facts, while episodic memory concerns personal experiences and events.
Eyewitness Testimony
- Eyewitness accounts are susceptible to suggestion and misinformation, impacting their reliability.
Brain and Behavior Connections
- The spinal cord is part of the central nervous system, transmitting signals between the brain and body; the auditory cortex is located in the temporal lobe.
Psychological Disorders and Treatments
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly prescribed for depression, emphasizing the link between neurotransmitters and mood regulation.
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Description
This quiz features essential flashcards covering critical thinking concepts in psychology. Test your understanding of definitions and applications related to evaluating information and controversial topics. Perfect for students aiming to deepen their comprehension of psychological principles.
