55 Questions
Which type of renal duplication anomaly is more frequently associated with symptoms, impaired function, or both?
Complete duplication affecting the lower renal pole
What is a common feature observed in all forms of complete duplication according to the provided text?
Renal dysplasia of the upper or lower pole
Which surgical intervention involves excision and reimplantation in the context of renal anomalies?
Ureterocoele excision and reimplantation
What is the embryological basis for dividing complete duplication anomalies according to the text?
Affecting the upper renal pole
Which type of renal anomaly is relatively common and often of little or no clinical significance?
Incomplete duplication
In the context of renal anomalies, what does the term 'vesicoureteric reflux' primarily affect?
Lower renal pole
What type of duplication anomalies are often of clinical significance in terms of symptoms, renal function, or both?
Complete duplications
In incomplete duplication of the upper renal tract, what leads to the variable degree of this anomaly?
Single ureteric bud with bifurcation
According to Meyer–Weigart law, what anatomical configuration commonly predisposes to vesicoureteric reflux to the lower pole of the kidney?
Absorption of an accessory ureteric bud into the urogenital sinus
What is the relationship between the ectopia degree of the ureteric bud and its likelihood to penetrate abnormal metanephric tissue with resultant dysplasia?
Higher ectopia degree leads to higher likelihood
What is the outcome when two ureteric buds arise separately from the mesonephric duct?
Complete duplication
Which structure arises from the mesonephric duct and can drain into the bladder, urethra, or urogenital sinus?
Accessory bud
What is the gender distribution like for cases of duplex-system ureterocoele?
80% female, 20% male
What happens when an accessory ureteric bud connects with the lower renal pole according to Meyer–Weigart law?
The accessory bud is absorbed into the urogenital sinus
How many children with anomalies like duplex-system ureterocoele are currently identified by prenatal ultrasonography?
60%
What is a common clinical presentation associated with duplex-system ureterocoele?
Hematuria
Which condition is associated with the prolapse of the ureterocoele into the urethra?
Bladder outflow obstruction
In a duplicated system, where can an accessory bud draining the upper renal pole come to enter the urinary tract in an ectopic location?
Distally into the bladder
What is the primary focus of the Meyer-Weigart law in the context of renal anomalies?
Association with vesicoureteric reflux
In the context of IVP with a duplicated system, what is a plausible outcome when both ureteric buds connect to the same calyx?
Renal dysplasia
What is commonly observed as an associated pathology in cases of complete duplication?
Renal dysplasia
Which feature is often a clinical presentation of duplex-system ureterocoele?
Flank pain
What consequence can result from the prolapse of a ureterocoele?
Hydronephrosis
What is a significant outcome related to upper pole heminephrectomy in cases of duplication anomalies?
Impaired renal function
What is the primary concept behind Meyer–Weigart law?
Correlates the degree of ureteric bud ectopia with abnormal metanephric tissue penetration
In the context of intravenous urography (IVU) with a duplicated system, what is a common radiological finding?
Crossed ectopia with fusion
What type of pathology is commonly associated with duplication anomalies?
Hydronephrosis
Which of the following is a common presentation associated with duplex-system ureterocoele?
Hematuria
What condition is characterized by the prolapse of the ureterocoele into the urethra?
Vesicoureteric reflux
According to Meyer–Weigart law, what anatomical configuration commonly predisposes to vesicoureteric reflux?
Accessory bud draining the upper renal pole
'Vesicoureteric reflux primarily affects which structure?'
'Bladder'
In the context of duplicated system, what is a common radiological sign indicative of accessory renal tissue?
'Double collecting system with separate ureters'
What is the consequence of an accessory ureteric bud connecting with the lower renal pole according to Meyer–Weigart law?
It results in hydronephrosis of the lower pole of the kidney.
In a case where a ureteric orifice opens in a superior and lateral position in relation to the trigone, what anatomical predisposition does this configuration commonly lead to?
Predisposition to vesicoureteric reflux
What is a typical feature of a prolapsed ureterocoele into the urethra?
Contributing to bladder outlet obstruction
How does the degree of ectopia of a ureteric bud relate to the likelihood of penetrating abnormal metanephric tissue?
Increased ectopia increases likelihood of penetration
What kind of pathology is commonly associated with an accessory ureteric bud connecting with the lower renal pole?
Hydronephrosis of the lower pole
In terms of urinary tract anatomy, what condition is likely to be caused by a duplicated system with an accessory bud draining the upper renal pole in an ectopic location?
Vesicoureteric reflux
What is an expected outcome when a ureteric bud undergoes bifurcation during its development?
Varied degrees of incomplete duplication of the upper renal tract
How does an accessory ureteric bud arising from a caudal position on the mesonephric duct affect the ureteric orifice location?
It opens in a superior and lateral position relative to the trigone.
Which anatomical configuration commonly predisposes to vesicoureteric reflux to the lower pole of the kidney?
Accessory ureteric bud connecting with the lower renal pole
In the context of IVP with a duplicated system, what is a common feature observed concerning ureterocoeles in males?
Termination of ectopic ureters always suprasphincteric
Which condition is associated with the prolapse of the ureterocoele into the urethra?
Urethral prolapse of the ureterocoele
In males, where does the termination of ectopic ureters always occur?
Suprasphincteric
What is a common clinical presentation associated with duplex-system ureterocoele in females?
Urethral prolapse of the ureterocoele
Which feature is characteristic of single-system ureterocoeles in boys?
Always lying entirely within the bladder
What indicates a need for surgical intervention in cases of duplicated system ureterocoeles according to the provided text?
Presence of symptoms
What is a potential complication associated with an accessory bud draining the upper renal pole in a distally ectopic location?
Obstruction of the ipsilateral lower pole ureter
What is a common characteristic of duplex-system ureterocoele cases?
Bilateral in most cases
In a case of IVP with duplicated system, what is a common clinical presentation?
Urinary infection
In the context of Meyer-Weigart law, what predisposes to vesicoureteric reflux to the ipsilateral lower pole of the kidney?
Coexisting vesicoureteric reflux to the ipsilateral lower pole
What can be an outcome when an accessory bud from the mesonephric duct enters the urinary tract in an ectopic location?
Bladder outflow obstruction
What embryological event leads to the presence of a ureterocoele that drains the upper pole?
Accessory bud arising from mesonephric duct
Which condition is NOT commonly associated with duplex-system ureterocoele according to the text?
Hematuria
What anatomical configuration can lead to contralateral vesicoureteric reflux according to Meyer-Weigart law?
%10 bilateral incidence rate
Test your knowledge on endoscopic ureterocoele incision, upper pole heminephrectomy, pyelopyelostomy, ureterocoele excision, reimplantation, and nephrectomy procedures. Learn about incomplete and complete duplication during surgical interventions.
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