Unitary System Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is a unitary system?

  • A system where states have ultimate power
  • A form of government where powers are shared
  • A political system with a weak central government
  • A government that gives all key powers to the national or central government (correct)

    • What defines a confederation?

  • A federal system where all powers are divided
  • A government structure that shares power equally
  • A system with a strong central authority
  • A political system in which a weak central government has limited authority and states have ultimate power (correct)

    • What are enumerated powers?

    Powers specifically given to Congress in the Constitution.

    What are concurrent powers?

    <p>Powers that are shared by both the national and state governments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are implied powers?

    <p>Powers not specifically mentioned in the Constitution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are denied powers?

    <p>Powers that the Constitution denies to the national government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the supremacy clause?

    <p>National law supersedes all other laws passed by states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is dual federalism?

    <p>A system where both the states and the national government remain supreme within their own spheres.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is cooperative federalism?

    <p>A system where powers and policies are shared between states and the national government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are block grants?

    <p>Federal grants given to states or communities to support broad programs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is new federalism?

    <p>A federal approach focusing on reduction in social programs and shifting responsibilities to the states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the tenth amendment state?

    <p>Any powers not explicitly listed are automatically given to the states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the sixteenth amendment establish?

    <p>It gave Congress the right to tax incomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the seventeenth amendment?

    <p>It allows American voters to directly elect US senators.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is pre-emption?

    <p>The right of a government to seize or appropriate something, such as property.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are unfunded mandates?

    <p>Regulations or conditions for receiving grants that are not accompanied by funding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • A unitary system centralizes all key powers in the national or central government.
    • Confederation features a weak central government and grants ultimate power to individual states.

    Powers Defined in the Constitution

    • Enumerated powers are specifically granted to Congress, including taxation, coining money, regulating commerce, and declaring war.
    • Concurrent powers are joint powers shared by both the national and state governments.
    • Implied powers are those not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution but inferred from enumerated powers.
    • Denied powers are those explicitly restricted by the Constitution for the national government.

    Federalism Types

    • The supremacy clause establishes that national law overrides state laws (Article VI).
    • Dual federalism, also known as "layer cake federalism," maintains separate responsibilities for state and national governments within defined spheres of power.
    • Cooperative federalism involves shared powers and responsibilities between states and the national government, including cost and administration sharing.

    Grants and Amendments

    • A block grant allows federal funds to be distributed automatically to support broad programs such as community development.
    • New federalism refers to the reduction of federal social programs under Reagan, with responsibilities shifted to states.

    Constitutional Amendments

    • The tenth amendment allocates powers not specified in the Constitution to the states.
    • The sixteenth amendment permits Congress to tax incomes.
    • The seventeenth amendment, ratified in 1913, allows for the direct election of U.S. senators by voters.

    Additional Concepts

    • Pre-emption gives the government the authority to seize or appropriate property.
    • Unfunded mandates are regulations imposed by the federal government on states without financial support.

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    Description

    Explore key concepts of the unitary system of government through these flashcards. Each card covers important terms and definitions that help clarify the differences between various political systems, including enumerated powers and confederation. Perfect for students learning about governmental structures.

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