Unit Five: Classification of Mental Disorders

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a common clinical feature of delirium?

Euphoria and depression (correct)

Memory loss affecting short, long, recent, and remote memory

Inability to carry out motor tasks

Agnosia (inability to identify or recognize familiar objects)

What is the most common form of dementia?

Lewy Body disease

HIV disease

Alzheimer disease (correct)

Vascular dementia

What is a characteristic feature of dementia as mentioned in the text?

Aphasia: inability to use the forgotten words (loss of language) (correct)

Disorientation to time, place, and people

Hyper alert and hyperactive state

Absent problem-solving ability

Which of the following disorders is categorized as a major functional disorder (psychosis)?

Major depressive disorders Signup and view all the answers

What type of mental disorder is characterized by acute, reversible, and rapid onset of cognitive dysfunction and disruption in consciousness?

Delirium Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a minor functional disorder (neurosis)?

Depression Signup and view all the answers

What type of mental illness is characterized as incomprehensible and usually requires admission and medication?

Schizophrenia Signup and view all the answers

In which type of mental disorder does rehabilitation and long-term care play a crucial role?

Depressive Disorder Signup and view all the answers

Which type of mental disorder is characterized by good insight, temporary nature, and removal of stress as a management approach?

Anxiety Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common feature of delirium?

Inability to distinguish reality from imagery and dream Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial nursing strategy for managing delirium in hospitalized older adults?

Anticipating the patient's needs Signup and view all the answers

Which type of dementia is characterized by the accumulation of abnormal proteins over time?

Lewy Body disease Signup and view all the answers

What is a common clinical feature of dementia?

Aphasia Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT listed as a possible cause of delirium?

Carbon monoxide poisoning Signup and view all the answers

What type of mental state is typically associated with delirium?

Hyperactivity Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of thinking in individuals with delirium?

Disorientation to time, place, and people Signup and view all the answers

What is an important nursing strategy for managing delirium in hospitalized older adults with regards to promoting hydration?

'Encouraging mobility' Signup and view all the answers

'Agnosia' is defined as:

'Inability to identify or recognize familiar objects' Signup and view all the answers

'Abstract thinking' is a deficit seen in individuals with:

'Delirium' Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a clinical feature of delirium?

Apathy Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of dehydration that can lead to delirium?

Endocrine disorders Signup and view all the answers

Which type of dementia is associated with a sudden onset following a stroke?

Vascular dementia Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common form of dementia according to the text?

Alzheimer's disease Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a nursing strategy for managing delirium?

Promoting dehydration Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature of impaired memory in dementia?

Aphasia Signup and view all the answers

Which condition results in disorientation to time, place, and people?

Delirium Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Classification of Mental Disorders

Major disorders are divided into organic disorders and functional disorders (psychosis).

Major Disorders

Organic Disorders
- Delirium: Acute cognitive dysfunction; reversible with rapid onset.
- Dementia: Progressive decline in cognitive function, often irreversible.
- Amnesia: Memory loss that can be temporary or permanent.
Functional Disorders (Psychosis)
- Major Depressive Disorders: Severe mood disorder characterized by persistent sadness.
- Mania: Elevated mood and increased energy levels, often seen in bipolar disorder.
- Bipolar Disorder: Cycles of depression and mania.
- Schizophrenia: Severe mental disorder affecting thinking, emotions, and behavior; may require long-term care.

Minor Disorders (Neurosis)

Often manageable without hospitalization; includes:
- Anxiety Disorders: Excessive fear or worry affecting daily life.
- Depression: Persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest.
- Obsessive Disorders: Intrusive thoughts leading to compulsive behaviors.
- Hysterical Neurosis: Psychological distress manifesting physical symptoms.
- Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD): Anxiety following traumatic events.

Adjustment Disorders

Associated with maladaptive reactions to stressors, includes:
- Alcoholism and Drug Dependence: Compulsive use of substances despite harmful consequences.
- Psychosexual Disorders: Issues related to sexual function or preferences.
- Psychosomatic Disorders: Physical symptoms linked to psychological factors.
- Personality Disorders: Enduring patterns of behavior leading to distress or impairment.
- Mental Handicaps: Limitations in cognitive functioning.
- Childhood Disorders: Include ADHD, autism, and behavioral disorders.

Functional Disorders

Comprised of psychosis and neurosis; can often be managed with psychotherapy and relaxation techniques.
Good insight is typical, with temporary support needed for stress-related disorders like anxiety.

Organic Disorders

Primarily incomprehensible and often endogenous, typically requiring hospitalization and medication.
Major mental illnesses like schizophrenia necessitate rehabilitation and long-term care.
Etiological Factors for organic disorders include head injuries, concussions, hemorrhage, vascular obstructions, and tumors.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on the classification of mental disorders, including major disorders like organic and functional disorders, minor disorders (neurosis), and adjustment disorders. Explore the various types of disorders such as major depressive disorders, schizophrenia, anxiety, and personality disorders.