Unit 8: Judgment, Decision Making, and Reasoning
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism involved in making judgments?

  • Data collection
  • Inductive reasoning (correct)
  • Observations
  • Deductive reasoning

    • In inductive reasoning, conclusions are:

  • Probably true (correct)
  • Definitely false
  • Definitely true
  • Most likely false

    • Which factor contributes to the strength of an inductive argument by assessing how well observations represent all members of a category?

  • Number of conclusions drawn
  • Time it took to make observations
  • Representativeness of observations (correct)
  • Frequency of observations

    • Strong inductive arguments result in conclusions that are:

    <p>More likely to be true</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reasoning is reasoning based on observations and drawing conclusions from evidence?

    <p>Inductive reasoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of scientific investigations relies heavily on inductive reasoning?

    <p>Collecting data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reasoning involves drawing conclusions from observations?

    <p>Inductive reasoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bias refers to the tendency to do nothing when faced with making a decision?

    <p>Status quo bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In deductive reasoning, what are the statements called from which a conclusion is derived?

    <p>Premises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basic form of deductive reasoning that consists of two premises and a conclusion?

    <p>Syllogism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of reasoning determines whether a conclusion logically follows from given premises?

    <p>Deductive reasoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a heuristic?

    <p>A mental shortcut to solve problems efficiently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which heuristic influences decision-making based on past experiences?

    <p>Availability Heuristic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is illusory correlation?

    <p>An error in judgment when expecting a correlation that doesn't exist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the availability heuristic impact decision-making?

    <p>By judging easily remembered events as more probable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are multiple sources of observations important in strengthening an argument?

    <p>To provide quality evidence leading to stronger conclusions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a stereotype?

    <p>An oversimplified generalization about a group of people</p> Signup and view all the answers

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