Unit 4 Late Adulthood: Aging and Cognitive Functioning

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Questions and Answers

Which theory of aging suggests that natural selection has not eliminated harmful conditions and nonadaptive characteristics in older adults?

  • Evolutionary Theory (correct)
  • Cellular Clock Theory
  • Mitochondrial Theory
  • Free-Radical Theory

Which theory of aging is associated with the idea that cells have a limited capacity to reproduce and repair themselves?

  • Cellular Clock Theory (correct)
  • Free-Radical Theory
  • Evolutionary Theory
  • Hormonal Stress Theory

Which theory of aging proposes that accumulated damage caused by free radicals contributes to the aging process?

  • Mitochondrial Theory
  • Cellular Clock Theory
  • Evolutionary Theory
  • Free-Radical Theory (correct)

In terms of aging, what does the Mitochondrial Theory focus on?

<p>Mitochondrial DNA damage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group is typically considered the 'Young-Old' in terms of age categorization?

<p>(65-74 years old) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the 'Old-Old' from the 'Oldest-Old' in terms of age categorization?

<p>(75-84 years old) vs. (85+ years old) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between life span and life expectancy?

<p>Life span is the maximum number of years an individual can live, while life expectancy is the number of years that the average person born in a particular year will probably live. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to the increase in life expectancy according to the text?

<p>Improvements in medicine, nutrition, exercise, and lifestyle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way Sadie's exercise routine helps her combat osteoporosis?

<p>It slows down calcium loss from her bones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has contributed to the increase in life expectancy in India from 2000 to 2019?

<p>Improved healthcare and medical facilities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect primarily influences differences in life expectancies across countries?

<p>Health conditions and quality of medical care (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has contributed to Japan having the highest life expectancy at birth?

<p>Excellent health conditions and advanced medical care (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the Biological theories of aging discussed in the text?

<p>Physical Development in Old Age (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory of aging suggests that cells can divide a maximum number of times before they stop dividing and enter a state of senescence?

<p>Cellular Clock Theory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory of aging proposes that accumulated damage from oxygen radicals leads to cellular and tissue aging?

<p>Free-Radical Theory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe individuals who fall within the Oldest Old category based on life span?

<p>Oldest Old (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do individuals typically stand 'alone at the heart of the earth'?

<p>In Late Adulthood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr. suggest about being 'seventy years young' compared to 'forty years old'?

<p>'Seventy years young' is more cheerful than 'forty years old' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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