Unit 1 - World Religions Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following events is associated with Christianity?

  • Sabbatical Year
  • Hijrah
  • Great Schism (correct)
  • Aryan Migration

    • The Five Pillars of Islam include practices such as prayer, fasting, and almsgiving.

    True

    What is the holy city for all monotheistic religions?

    Jerusalem

    The concept of _______ in Hinduism refers to the moral law of cause and effect.

    <p>karma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following figures with their contributions:

    <p>Ashoka = Spread of Buddhism Charlemagne = Christian Empire Expansion Moses = Prophet in Judaism Angel Gabriel = Revelation to Muhammad</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following beliefs is NOT a core tenet of Buddhism?

    <p>Caste System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Dalai Lama is the leader of Hinduism.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one common prophet among Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

    <p>Abraham</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did the Niger River play in West Africa?

    <p>It served as a major trade route for gold and salt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mansa Musa was the first king of Mali.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Timbuktu in the Mali Empire?

    <p>Timbuktu was a major center for trade, culture, and education.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ was a trading route connecting the Mediterranean to West Africa, crucial for gold and salt trade.

    <p>trans-Saharan trade route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following Renaissance figures with their contributions:

    <p>Leonardo da Vinci = Mona Lisa Michelangelo = David William Shakespeare = Hamlet Johannes Gutenberg = Printing press</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the Four Noble Truths primarily about?

    <p>The nature of suffering in Buddhism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Medici Family was a significant patron of the Renaissance arts.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary effect of the printing press on world history?

    <p>It allowed for the mass production of books, spreading knowledge and literacy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of October 31, 1517?

    <p>The posting of Martin Luther's 95 Theses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Martin Luther believed that salvation could only be achieved through faith alone.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one major achievement of the Inca civilization.

    <p>Machu Picchu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ system was established in Spanish colonies to grant Spanish settlers control over indigenous labor and land.

    <p>encomienda</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following explorers with their contributions:

    <p>Vasco da Gama = First to reach India by sea Christopher Columbus = Discovered the Americas Ferdinand Magellan = Led the first circumnavigation of the Earth Amerigo Vespucci = Mapped the New World</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main effect of the Columbian Exchange on the Americas?

    <p>Introduction of new crops and livestock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    John Calvin was known for advocating for a strict predestination doctrine.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology greatly aided explorers during the Age of Exploration?

    <p>Astrolabe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Olaudah Equiano is known for his role in the movement for _____ during the Transatlantic Slave Trade.

    <p>abolition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following social classes with their descriptions:

    <p>Peninsulares = Spanish born individuals in the colonies Creoles = People of Spanish descent born in the Americas Mestizos = Mixed ancestry individuals Mulattos = Individuals of mixed European and African heritage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which philosopher is associated with the idea of 'separation of powers'?

    <p>Baron de Montesquieu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Scientific Revolution was characterized by a shift towards empirical evidence and experimentation.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain one reason why Elizabeth I's reign is considered a Golden Age of European history.

    <p>Cultural flourishing and stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the Middle Passage, enslaved Africans faced horrific _____ conditions.

    <p>living</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes monotheistic religions?

    <p>Belief in one God</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hinduism acknowledges the concept of reincarnation, while Buddhism does not.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Kaaba in Islam?

    <p>It is the most sacred structure and destination for pilgrimage in Islam, located in Mecca.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The historical event known as the _______ refers to the dispersion of Jews outside of Israel.

    <p>Diaspora</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following religious beliefs with their respective religions:

    <p>Karma = Hinduism Five Pillars = Islam Four Noble Truths = Buddhism Sabbath = Judaism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event is associated with the historical spread of Christianity during the early Middle Ages?

    <p>Constantine's Edict of Milan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Eid al Fitr is celebrated at the end of Ramadan in Islam.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one significant difference between Sunni and Shia Islam.

    <p>Sunni Islam recognizes the first four caliphs as rightful successors of Muhammad, while Shia Islam believes that leadership should have stayed within Muhammad's family, particularly with Ali.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant contribution of Mansa Musa during the Mali Empire?

    <p>Promoting the Islamic faith</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Sahel region is characterized by its extensive rainforests.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did cowrie shells play in the Kingdom of Benin?

    <p>They were used as currency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The term ______ refers to the journey Muslims take to Mecca.

    <p>hajj</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two cultures combined to form the Swahili culture?

    <p>Arab and Bantu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following African civilizations with their notable features:

    <p>Mali = Significance of Timbuktu Songhai = Askia Muhammad's contribution Ghana = Role of iron weapons Benin = Use of cowrie shells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The term 'Renaissance man' refers to an individual skilled in many areas.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary impact of the printing press on society?

    <p>It increased the spread of information and literacy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following reforms were proposed by John Wycliffe and Jan Hus?

    <p>Encouragement for clergy marriage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Reformation was a movement that sought to reform the Catholic Church and resulted in the establishment of Protestantism.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is credited with nailing the 95 Theses to the church door on October 31, 1517?

    <p>Martin Luther</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ was a period marked by the questioning of traditional authority and the rise of scientific inquiry.

    <p>Scientific Revolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following Enlightenment philosophers with their major ideas.

    <p>Thomas Hobbes = Social contract theory John Locke = Natural rights Baron de Montesquieu = Separation of powers Voltaire = Freedom of speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a primary motive for the Age of Exploration?

    <p>Religious conversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The triangular trade involved the exchange of goods and enslaved people between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Martin Luther believe about indulgences?

    <p>He believed they were corrupt and that salvation could not be bought.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ Exchange refers to the transfer of people, crops, animals, and diseases between the Old World and the New World.

    <p>Columbian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following technologies did NOT aid explorers during the Age of Exploration?

    <p>Steam engine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Ming Dynasty sought to expand trade with European nations throughout its entire ruling period.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one major contribution of Ulrich Zwingli to the Reformation.

    <p>He emphasized the authority of Scripture and rejected the Catholic mass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ was a system used in Spanish colonies to grant settlers the right to extract labor and tribute from indigenous people.

    <p>encomienda</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following civilizations with their characteristics:

    <p>Maya = Developed a written language and advanced mathematics Aztecs = Capital city was Tenochtitlán Inca = Known for extensive road systems and terrace farming North American Tribes = Used agriculture and hunting for sustenance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a polytheistic religion?

    <p>Worshiping many gods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Ganges River is sacred in both Hinduism and Buddhism.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the Five Pillars of Islam?

    <p>Shahada (faith), Salah (prayer), Zakat (charity), Sawn (fasting), Hajj (pilgrimage).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The historical event known as the __________ refers to the migration of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina.

    <p>Hijrah</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following religious figures with their respective religions:

    <p>Moses = Judaism Buddha = Buddhism Jesus = Christianity Muhammad = Islam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the Crusades?

    <p>They were military campaigns to control Jerusalem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Dalai Lama is known as the leader of Buddhism.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Jerusalem in monotheistic religions?

    <p>Jerusalem is considered a holy city for Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary economic activity in the Sahel region is industrial manufacturing.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ culture combines Bantu-speaking peoples and Arabic traders along the East African coast.

    <p>Swahili</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the significance of Timbuktu in the Mali Empire?

    <p>It was a major center for trade and learning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Great Zimbabwe ruins are significant because they reflect the architectural capabilities of ancient African civilizations.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the Four Noble Truths?

    <p>The Four Noble Truths are the foundation of Buddhism: they outline the truth of suffering, its origin, its cessation, and the path leading to its cessation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following were main beliefs of Martin Luther as articulated in the 95 Theses?

    <p>The Bible as the sole authority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Treaty of Tordesillas divided the New World between France and Spain.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the three main motivations behind European exploration during the Age of Exploration?

    <p>God, Gold, and Glory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ system granted Spanish settlers control over indigenous labor and land.

    <p>encomienda</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following explorers with their primary contributions:

    <p>Christopher Columbus = Discovered the Americas for Spain Ferdinand Magellan = First to circumnavigate the globe Vasco da Gama = Opened a sea route to India Henry Hudson = Explored parts of Canada and North America</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the 30 Years' War primarily affect Europe?

    <p>Led to significant territorial changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Ming Dynasty welcomed European explorers to China.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What led to the decline of the Aztec Empire?

    <p>Spanish conquest led by Hernán Cortés</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ Exchange refers to the widespread transfer of plants, animals, cultures, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds.

    <p>Columbian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the social classes of Spanish colonies with their descriptions:

    <p>Peninsulares = Spanish-born settlers Creoles = American-born descendants of Europeans Mestizos = People of mixed European and Indigenous ancestry Mulattos = People of mixed European and African ancestry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was an effect of the Transatlantic Slave Trade on African kingdoms?

    <p>Depopulation and social disruption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Olaudah Equiano was known for advocating for the abolition of slavery.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one significant change introduced during the Scientific Revolution.

    <p>The heliocentric theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ theory suggests that government's legitimacy comes from a social contract with its citizens.

    <p>social contract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the Five Pillars in Islam?

    <p>Fundamental acts of worship that define a Muslim's faith</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between Judaism, Islam, and Christianity?

    <p>They share common prophets, including Abraham and Moses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the concept of kosher in Judaism?

    <p>Dietary laws that dictate what is permissible to eat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which historical event is associated with the split between Sunni and Shia Islam?

    <p>The Hijrah, or migration to Medina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the Four Noble Truths in Buddhism primarily address?

    <p>The steps to achieve Nirvana and overcome suffering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Hinduism view the concept of reincarnation?

    <p>It represents the continuation of the soul's journey through various lives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did Ashoka play in the spread of Buddhism?

    <p>He helped unify India and spread Buddhist teachings through his empire.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did the Sahel region play in African civilization?

    <p>It was a crucial area for the gold and salt trade.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor significantly contributed to the wealth of the Mali Empire under Mansa Musa?

    <p>The control of gold mines and trade routes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Bantu Migration influence African history?

    <p>It introduced new agricultural practices across regions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Council of Trent during the Counter-Reformation?

    <p>It affirmed Catholic doctrine and response to the Protestant Reformation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterized the Swahili culture that emerged in East Africa?

    <p>A blend of indigenous African and Arab influences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was a prominent figure associated with humanism during the Renaissance?

    <p>Niccolo Machiavelli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the printing press impact society during the Renaissance?

    <p>It allowed for the mass production of literature and ideas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the key roles of Islamic education in the context of African civilizations?

    <p>To create systems of learning such as madrasas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main belief of Martin Luther regarding indulgences?

    <p>They had no impact on salvation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following explorers first circumnavigated the globe?

    <p>Ferdinand Magellan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary impact of the Columbian Exchange on the indigenous populations of the Americas?

    <p>The spread of diseases leading to population decline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a distinguishing feature of French colonists compared to other European colonists?

    <p>They often intermarried with indigenous peoples.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept refers to the economic system characterized by private ownership and the free market?

    <p>Capitalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What led to the start of the 30 Years' War in Europe?

    <p>Religious tensions between Catholics and Protestants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was John Rolfe's impact on the Jamestown colony?

    <p>He introduced tobacco as a cash crop.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the main issues leading to the Reformation?

    <p>Corruption within the Catholic Church.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following technologies was NOT commonly associated with the Age of Exploration?

    <p>Steam engine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the Transatlantic Slave Trade, what does the Middle Passage refer to?

    <p>The journey from Africa to the Americas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the significant contributions of John Calvin to the Protestant Reformation?

    <p>Introduced the concept of predestination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant action did Elizabeth I take to ensure her reign is seen as a Golden Age?

    <p>Foster artistic and cultural advancements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major outcome resulted from the Treaty of Tordesillas?

    <p>Division of new lands between Spain and Portugal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which philosopher is known for the concept of 'natural rights'?

    <p>John Locke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Unit 1 - World Religions

    • Terms: Define religion, monotheistic, and polytheistic concepts for the study of religions.

    • Christianity: Key figures like Constantine and Charlemagne. Historical events including the Great Schism and Crusades. Sacred texts, places of worship, and holy days/sites (when the Sabbath is celebrated and sacraments).

    • Judaism: Main beliefs like kosher and the name for God. Historical events like the Diaspora. Holy days/sites and when the Sabbath is celebrated.

    • Islam: Main beliefs including the Five Pillars, halal, and Allah. Details of mosque interiors and reasons behind them. Historical events such as the Hijrah, Sunni and Shia split (and reasons). Holy days/sites like Eid al Fitr and the Kaaba's role in Islam. Jerusalem as a holy city for monotheistic religions. Key prophets (Abraham, Noah, Moses) shared by these religions.

    • Hinduism: Main beliefs such as karma, the caste system, and reincarnation. Historical events like the Aryan Migration and the caste system. Holy days/sites including the Ganges River and its effect on Hinduism.

    Unit 2 - African Civilizations

    • Terms: Define Sahel, matrilineal, griot, hajj, madrasa, sharia, subsistence farming, and Swahili's significance to African civilizations.

    • West Africa: Major climate zones, role of gold and salt, Niger River's role, trans-Saharan trade routes. Key figures like Ghana, Mali, Songhai leaders and their roles (including Tenkamenin and Mansa Musa). Significance of Timbuktu and Askia Muhammad. The role of iron weapons in African civilizations.

    • East Africa: Aksum, role of King Ezana and his religious policies.

    Unit 3 - Renaissance and Reformation

    • Terms: Define Renaissance, humanism, patron of the arts, vernacular, Reconquista, Inquisition, Reformation, Protestant, 95 Theses, Martin Luther, indulgences, priesthood of all believers, transubstantiation, 30 Years' War, Peace of Westphalia, and Counter-Reformation.

    • Renaissance figures/cities: Identify contributions of The Medici Family, renowned Renaissance figures (e.g., Filippo Brunelleschi, Shakespeare, Michelangelo, Donatello, Leonardo da Vinci, Johannes Gutenberg, Miguel de Cervantes, Desiderius Erasmus, Francisco Petrarcha, Niccolò Machiavelli). Impact of their work and the major city of the Renaissance. Impact of the printing press on Renaissance and Reformation history.

    • Reformation figures/events: The impact of the printing press. Influence of figures like Ferdinand and Isabella. Describe and analyze the reforms of John Wycliffe and Jan Hus. Significance of October 31st, 1517 and Martin Luther's beliefs. The Reformation and its impact on Christianity.

    Unit 4 - Global Empires

    • Terms: Be familiar with technologies like astrolabe, quadrant, sextant, compass, cartography, telescope, lateen sails, caravel, almanac, and their impact along with the Columbian Exchange, Treaty of Tordesillas, "closed country" policy, indigenous, maize, slash and burn agriculture, chinampas, Templo Mayor, terraced farming, quipu, conquistadors, encomienda, social classes (peninsulares, creoles, mestizos, mulattos), joint stock company, Powhatan, cash crop, Pilgrims/Separatists, Mayflower Compact, and Squanto/Tisquantum.

    • Major empires/explorations: The 3 G's (God, Gold, Glory) and their explanations. Key figures like Vasco da Gama, Christopher Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan. Impact of exploration. Impact of exploration on China (Ming Dynasty) and Japan (Tokugawa Shogunate). Key cities and civilizations (Maya, Aztecs, Inca). Importance of the encomienda system. Key events in North America (English, French, Dutch settlements). Importance of the "Lost Colony" of Roanoke, Jamestown's founding and significance (John Rolfe and the first Thanksgiving). Analyzing the Jamestown colonists' methods of governing and their uniqueness in relation to the challenges of the time period.

    Unit 5 - Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment

    • Terms: Define Scientific Revolution, heliocentric theory, and ellipse.

    • Enlightenment and Scientific Revolution: Explain how the Renaissance and Age of Exploration influenced the Scientific Revolution. Identify key scientific figures (Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, Isaac Newton, William Harvey, Robert Hooke, Margaret Cavendish, René Descartes). The impacts of Enlightenment thinkers (salons, philosophes, books, figures like Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Baron de Montesquieu, Voltaire, Mary Wollstonecraft, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Adam Smith, Frederick the Great, Peter the Great, Catherine the Great, Joseph II), including specific works and ideas.

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    Semester 1 Exam Study Guide 2024-25 PDF

    Description

    Explore the fundamental concepts and historical contexts of major world religions, including Christianity, Judaism, Islam, and Hinduism. This quiz covers key figures, beliefs, significant events, and sacred practices across these faiths. Test your knowledge on monotheistic and polytheistic systems and their cultural impact.

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