World Religions Quiz: Beliefs and Practices
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Questions and Answers

What do Christians commemorate during Christmas?

  • The creation of the Holy Bible
  • The birth of Jesus Christ (correct)
  • The ascension of Jesus Christ
  • The resurrection of Jesus Christ

What does the Sacrament of Baptism symbolize in Christianity?

  • Remembrance of Jesus' teachings
  • Birth in the Christian world (correct)
  • Love for the oppressed and outcast
  • Death and resurrection

What fundamental characteristic of rituals emphasizes a feeling or emotion towards the sacred?

  • Dependence on a belief system
  • Significance of symbolic acts
  • Expression of verbal behavior
  • Feeling of respect or awe (correct)

Which type of meditation focuses on mindfulness of breathing and the development of loving-kindness?

<p>Samatha (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following texts is NOT considered sacred in Hinduism?

<p>The Holy Bible (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the central belief of Muslims regarding God?

<p>Allah is the One God (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do Buddhists believe can help to break the reactive cycle of wanting and hating?

<p>Practicing meditation and acquiring wisdom (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one characteristic of religion according to Rebecca Stein?

<p>The performance of ritual activities to communicate with supernatural beings. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of Karma in Hinduism refer to?

<p>The impact of one's actions on future reincarnations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a celebration in Buddhism?

<p>Easter Sunday (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are the terms 'soul' and 'spirit' typically regarded in discussions across various fields?

<p>They are often used interchangeably. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which festival is known as the Festival of Lights in Hinduism?

<p>Diwali (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a function of cultural rituals as mentioned in the content?

<p>To express and manifest what people believe in. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Christianity describes God as which of the following?

<p>Triune in nature with three personas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which event does Resurrection Sunday celebrate in Christianity?

<p>The resurrection of Jesus Christ from death (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might knowing the difference between soul and spirit be important?

<p>It is crucial for spiritual progress and relationship with God. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the belief system in Buddhism?

<p>Finding and alleviating suffering (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does participation in rituals express according to the beliefs of various religions?

<p>An expression of religious beliefs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Quran in Islam?

<p>The holy book of Islam (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'ritual'?

<p>The performance of ceremonial acts prescribed by tradition. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do Buddhists aim to acquire wisdom according to their beliefs?

<p>By studying Buddha's teachings, the Dharma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the content suggest about the choice of religious belief?

<p>It can be influenced by society and culture. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does religion play in terms of social bonds according to the provided information?

<p>It fosters the creation and maintenance of social bonds. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In discussions around spirituality, what is emphasized about the journey of understanding life’s meaning?

<p>It is an ongoing journey involving the spiritual self. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary distinction between wants and needs?

<p>Needs are the things we cannot live without, while wants are things we like but do not require. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what does the material self encompass?

<p>The body, clothes, immediate family, and home. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the innermost part of our material self considered to be our body?

<p>We cannot live without it and it shows our investment in health. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might the philosophy of dress influence our understanding of the material self?

<p>It suggests clothing is an essential part of expressing who we are. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What common misconception do people have regarding wants and needs?

<p>Many confuse wants with needs, considering them the same. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a need?

<p>A reliable source of food. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might happen if our body faces an ailment, according to the content?

<p>It impacts us directly as we have an investment in our body. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was mentioned as an example of someone insuring specific body parts?

<p>Mariah Carey for her vocal cords and legs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the statement of faith in Islam known as?

<p>Shahadah (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much of a Muslim's assets is given as Zakat?

<p>2.5% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which festival marks the end of Ramadan?

<p>Eidul-Fitr (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the sacred scripture of the Jews called?

<p>Torah (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which day marks the Jewish Day of Atonement?

<p>Yom Kippur (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the founder of the Viktor Frankl Institute?

<p>Viktor E. Frankl (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major component of Jewish cultural practice related to the Torah?

<p>Interpretation and Study (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Sawm' refer to in Islam?

<p>The fasting observed during Ramadan (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary motivational force according to logotherapy?

<p>The search for meaning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the nature of human beings is a core assumption of logotherapy?

<p>Humans are composed of body, mind, and spirit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Viktor Frankl believe individuals could do regarding suffering?

<p>Transform suffering into personal growth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of meaning in life according to logotherapy?

<p>Life has meaning even in the most difficult situations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an aim of logotherapy?

<p>Dependency on external validation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of 'ultimate meaning' refer to in logotherapy?

<p>Life has inherent meaning in all situations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does logotherapy view the freedom to find meaning?

<p>It is available under all circumstances (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the philosophy behind logotherapy?

<p>An optimism in the face of tragedy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Ritual and the Sacred

Rituals evoke a sense of profound respect, awe, fascination, or even dread towards something considered sacred.

Ritual and Belief Systems

Rituals are built upon a belief system often expressed through myths and stories.

Ritual and Symbolism

Rituals are symbolic actions that represent deeper meanings and concepts.

Buddhist View of Suffering

Buddhism emphasizes the cyclical nature of suffering, wanting, and aversion.

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Buddhist Meditation Practices

Meditation techniques in Buddhism aim to break the cycle of suffering and achieve greater understanding and acceptance.

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Samatha and Vipassana

Samatha and vipassana are two primary types of meditation practices in Buddhism.

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Christian Trinity

Christians believe in a triune God: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.

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Christian Salvation

Christians believe that salvation is achieved through faith in Jesus Christ, who is God the Son.

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Needs

Things we absolutely need to survive, like food, water, and shelter.

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Wants

Things we desire but don't need for basic survival, like a new phone or a fancy car.

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Material Self

The part of ourselves connected to our physical body, clothes, family, and home.

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Body as part of the Material Self

We care deeply about our bodies because we can't live without them.

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Clothing as part of the Material Self

Our choices in clothing can express our personality and style.

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Immediate Family and Home as part of the Material Self

We feel strongly connected to our family and home because they contribute to our sense of identity.

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Investing in the Material Self

Investing in our material self can be a way of expressing ourselves and building self-esteem.

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Distinguishing Needs from Wants

Recognizing the difference between wants and needs helps us make conscious choices about our spending.

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Moral Sensibility

The ability to use moral reasoning and conscience, often expressed through religious beliefs, practices, cultural rituals, and ceremonies.

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Religion

A set of cultural beliefs and practices that typically include beliefs in supernatural beings, reverence for the sacred, supernatural power, rituals, moral codes, social bonds, and explanations for the unknown.

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Ritual

A specific, observable mode of behavior found in all societies, involving ceremonial acts prescribed by tradition or sacred law.

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Spiritual Self

The inner self that seeks meaning in life and connects with the spiritual realm.

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Anthropomorphic Supernatural Beings

A belief in supernatural beings, such as spirits and gods, that are often seen as possessing power and influence over the natural world.

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The Sacred

A feeling of reverence and awe towards something sacred, often connected to religious experiences and rituals.

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Supernatural Power

The ability of supernatural beings, physical objects, and living beings to exert influence or power beyond the natural world.

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Ritual Activities

The performance of actions involving sacred objects, intended to communicate with supernatural beings, influence events, or control the natural world.

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Karma in Hinduism

The belief that a person's actions in this life determine their future lives, influencing their reincarnation.

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Vedas in Hinduism

A collection of sacred texts for Hindus, considered to be revelations from God.

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Reincarnation in Hinduism

The belief that a person's soul goes through a cycle of birth, death, and rebirth, with each reincarnation shaped by their past actions.

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Allah in Islam

The belief that God is one, indivisible, and universal, encompassing all existence.

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Quran in Islam

The Holy Book of Islam, considered to be the literal word of God revealed to Prophet Muhammad.

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Prophet Muhammad in Islam

The belief that Prophet Muhammad was the last and final messenger sent by God to guide humanity.

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Islam: 'Submission to God'

The concept of 'submission to God' in Islam, representing a voluntary and conscious choice to live according to God's will.

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Sacrament of Baptism in Christianity

The belief that Christians are born again into a spiritual new life through baptism, symbolizing a cleansing and transformation.

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Five Pillars of Islam

The five pillars of Islam are the foundation of Muslim life. They are: Shahadah (statement of faith), Salat (prayer), Zakat (monetary offering for the poor), Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca), and Sawm (fasting).

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What is Shahadah?

Shahadah is the first pillar of Islam and is the declaration of faith. It means "There is no God but the one true God and Mohammed is his messenger."

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What is Salat?

Salat is the second pillar of Islam. Muslims pray five times a day at specific times throughout the day.

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What is Zakat?

Zakat is the third pillar of Islam and is the giving of alms to the poor and needy. It is a monetary offering that comprises 2.5% of a Muslim's assets.

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What is Hajj?

Hajj is the fourth pillar of Islam and is the pilgrimage to Mecca that is performed once in a lifetime by those who are able.

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What is Sawm?

Sawm is the fifth pillar of Islam and is the fasting during the month of Ramadan. Muslims abstain from food, drink, and sexual activity from dawn until sunset during Ramadan.

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What is the Torah?

The Torah, or the Law, is the sacred scripture of Judaism and is a guide for Jewish living. Jewish culture emphasizes the study and interpretation of the Torah.

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What is the Jewish Sabbath?

The Jewish Sabbath, or Shabbat, begins at sunset on Friday and ends at nightfall on Saturday. It is a time when families gather for a special meal.

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What is Logotherapy?

Logotherapy is a type of therapy that focuses on finding meaning in life, even amidst difficult situations.

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What is the 'search for meaning' in logotherapy?

The main concept in logotherapy is that humans have a natural drive to find meaning in their lives, regardless of the challenges they face. This meaning can be found through various avenues such as pursuing creative work, experiencing new things, or connecting with others.

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How can meaning be found according to logotherapy?

Logotherapy suggests that meaning can be discovered in three main ways: 1. Creating something: through work or creative pursuits. 2. Experiencing something new: traveling, learning, or engaging in new activities. 3. Connecting with someone: fostering meaningful relationships.

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What is the meaning of life in logotherapy?

Viktor Frankl, the founder of logotherapy, emphasizes that life has meaning even during difficult times, such as suffering. He argues that people can find meaning even in the face of adversity.

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What is the 'will to meaning'?

Logotherapy believes that humans have an innate will to find meaning in life, suggesting this is our primary motivation.

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What is the 'freedom to find meaning'?

Logotherapy acknowledges that we have the freedom to choose how we find meaning, even during challenging times, suggesting this freedom is essential for personal growth.

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What are logotherapy’s assumptions about the human being?

Logotherapy assumes that humans consist of body, mind, and spirit. This approach acknowledges the holistic nature of our being, encompassing not just physical and mental aspects, but also the spiritual dimension.

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What is the 'defiant power of the human spirit'?

Logotherapy suggests that individuals have a capacity to rise above adversity. This ‘defiant power of the human spirit’ allows individuals to find meaning and strength in difficult situations.

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Study Notes

Module 6: The Material and Spiritual Self

  • Module Duration: Week 13

  • Course: GE 005, Understanding the Self

  • Learning Objectives:

    • Define material self.
    • Describe how material self affects a person.
    • Explain the relationship between possessions and the extended self.

  • Material/Economic Self:

    • William James defined material self as objects, places, or people labeled "mine," seen as extensions of identity.
    • The body is the innermost aspect.
    • Clothes are the next aspect, reflecting personality.
    • Family & home link to identity.
    • Possessions (gadgets, cars, collections) also contribute to material self.
    • Possessions reflect identity and values.
    • Wants vs. Needs: Wants are desires and Needs are necessities (food, shelter, etc.)

  • Spiritual Self:

    • One of the four components of self (according to William James).
    • Intimate, inner subjective part of self (moral sensibility, conscience, will).
    • Manifested through religion, beliefs, and cultural rituals.
    • The search for meaning of life is a spiritual journey.
    • Focus on self-expression through clothing.
    • Immediate family and home as key aspects of the material self.
    • Possessions become extensions of the self based on investment and attachment.

  • Logotherapy: A psychotherapy developed by Viktor Frankl, emphasizing the will to find meaning in life.

    • Key Concepts:
      • Life has meaning in all circumstances.
      • The primary motivation is the will to find meaning.
      • People have freedom to find meaning, even in difficult times.
      • Source of Meaningful Life
        • Purposeful work.
        • Courage in the face of difficulty.
        • Love.

  • Learning Activities:

    • Activity 1: Debit Card Challenge – what would you buy if you had unlimited funds.
    • Activity 2: Do You Have Your Umbrella? – a story regarding faith, expecting God, and praying for rain, with a focus on personal meaning in daily life.

  • Learning Resources:

    • Abadilla, F., et al. (2020). Instructional Material "Understanding the Self." Polytechnic University of the Philippines.

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Module 6: The Material and Spiritual Self PDF

Description

Test your knowledge of various world religions, including Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Islam. This quiz covers key concepts, rituals, and beliefs that define these faiths. Challenge yourself to understand the diverse practices and ideologies that shape spiritual experiences worldwide.

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