Unit 1: Matter and Change Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is Chemistry?

The study of the Earth and its processes

The scientific study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes that matter undergoes (correct)

The scientific study of living organisms

The study of celestial objects

What is a chemical?

Any substance that has a defined composition

What does mass measure?

The amount of matter in an object

Define matter.

Anything that has mass and takes up space Signup and view all the answers

What is an atom?

The smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical properties of that element Signup and view all the answers

What is an element?

A substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means Signup and view all the answers

What is a compound?

A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds Signup and view all the answers

Define extensive property.

A property that depends on the extent or size of a system Signup and view all the answers

What is an intensive property?

A property that does not depend on the amount of matter present Signup and view all the answers

What is a physical property?

A characteristic of a substance that does not involve a chemical change Signup and view all the answers

Define physical change.

A change of matter from one form to another without a change in chemical properties Signup and view all the answers

What is a change of state?

The change of a substance from one physical state (phase) to another Signup and view all the answers

What is a solid?

The state of matter in which the volume and shape of a substance are fixed Signup and view all the answers

Define liquid.

The state of matter that has a definite volume but not a definite shape Signup and view all the answers

What is a gas?

A form of matter that does not have a definite volume or shape Signup and view all the answers

Define plasma.

A state of matter that starts as a gas and then becomes ionized Signup and view all the answers

What is a chemical property?

A property of matter that describes a substance's ability to participate in chemical reactions Signup and view all the answers

What is a chemical change?

A change that occurs when one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different properties Signup and view all the answers

Define chemical reaction.

The process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances Signup and view all the answers

What are reactants?

A substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is a product?

A substance that forms in a chemical reaction Signup and view all the answers

Define mixture.

A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined Signup and view all the answers

What does homogeneous mean?

Describes something that has a uniform structure or composition throughout Signup and view all the answers

Define solution.

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances uniformly dispersed through a single phase Signup and view all the answers

What does heterogeneous mean?

Composed of dissimilar components Signup and view all the answers

Define suspension.

A heterogeneous mixture of two or more substances temporarily mixed to give the appearance of uniformity Signup and view all the answers

What is a colloid?

A heterogeneous mixture that has a near permanent suspension of particles Signup and view all the answers

What is exothermic?

Occurring or formed with evolution of heat Signup and view all the answers

Define endothermic.

Occurring or formed with absorption of heat Signup and view all the answers

What is solubility?

A measure of how much solute can dissolve in a given solvent at a given temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is qualitative observation?

An observation that deals with characteristics that cannot be expressed in numbers Signup and view all the answers

Define quantitative observation.

An observation that deals with a number or amount Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chemistry

The scientific study focused on matter's composition, structure, properties, and changes.

Chemical

Defined as any substance with a specific composition.

Mass

Measures the quantity of matter contained in an object.

Matter

Anything that possesses mass and occupies space.

Atom

The fundamental unit of an element that retains the element's chemical properties.

Element

A pure substance that cannot be simplified through chemical methods; characterized by a consistent atomic number.

Compound

A substance formed from two or more different elements chemically bonded together.

Extensive Property

A property that varies based on the size or extent of the system being observed.

Intensive Property

A property that remains constant regardless of the amount of matter, such as pressure, temperature, or density.

Physical Property

Characteristics of a substance not involving chemical change, examples include density, color, and hardness.

Physical Change

A transformation of matter that alters its form without changing its chemical properties.

Change of State

The transition of a substance from one physical state (solid, liquid, gas) to another.

Solid

Matter characterized by a fixed volume and shape.

Liquid

Matter with a definite volume but flexible shape.

Gas

A form of matter lacking a definite volume or shape.

Plasma

An ionized state of matter formed from gas, containing free-moving ions and electrons.

Chemical Property

Describes a substance's potential to undergo chemical reactions.

Chemical Change

A transformation resulting in the formation of new substances with distinct properties.

Chemical Reaction

A process where one or more substances change to create new substances.

Reactants

Substances or molecules that engage in chemical reactions.

Product

New substances generated from a chemical reaction.

Mixture

A collection of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded.

Homogeneous

Describes a consistent structure or composition throughout a material.

Solution

A type of homogeneous mixture where substances are evenly dispersed within a single phase.

Heterogeneous

Composed of visibly distinct parts or components.

Suspension

A temporary mixture of two or more substances that appears uniform but separates over time.

Colloid

A mixture with particles that remain suspended, creating a near-permanent uniform appearance.

Exothermic

Refers to reactions or compounds that release heat energy during formation.

Endothermic

Pertains to reactions or compounds that absorb heat energy.

Solubility

The measure of how much solute can be dissolved in a solvent at a specific temperature.

Qualitative Observation

Observations based on characteristics that cannot be quantified numerically, relying on sensory input.

Quantitative Observation

Observations based on measurable quantities or numerical data.

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Description

Test your knowledge of key chemistry concepts with these flashcards from Unit 1: Matter and Change. Each card features important terms and their definitions to help you understand the composition, structure, and properties of matter.