Unit 0 and 1 Religion Test Review

Questions and Answers

What is the definition of teleology?

Study of church organization and governance

Study of God and His attributes

Study of the evidences of design or purpose in nature (correct)

Study of humanity and its cultures

Which term describes the doctrine of salvation?

Theology

Soteriology (correct)

Anthropology

Eschatology

In which of the following areas does epistemology focus?

The study of end times

The origin of human knowledge (correct)

The order of worship

The nature of God

What does the term ecclesiology refer to?

The study of church doctrine Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms represents a means of grace in the context of Christianity?

Sacrament Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'venerate' signify in Eastern Orthodoxy?

To worship an icon Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as the head of the Roman Catholic church?

Pope Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a qualification for sainthood in Catholicism?

Working at least three miracles Signup and view all the answers

What is the belief in the presence of Christ during communion for Lutherans known as?

Real Presence Signup and view all the answers

Which practice is unique to how Eastern Orthodox baptize?

Full immersion of naked babies Signup and view all the answers

Which belief about Mary is shared within the Roman Catholic Church?

She ascended to heaven without dying Signup and view all the answers

What do Lutherans consider as the ultimate source of faith?

Scripture alone Signup and view all the answers

Who is recognized as the head of the Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod?

Rev. Matthew Harrison Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following beliefs about purgatory is associated with Roman Catholic tradition?

It is a temporary state of purification Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Catholic and Eastern Orthodox beliefs concerning tradition?

Catholics place Tradition as primary and the Bible secondary Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly identifies the founder of Lutheranism?

Martin Luther Signup and view all the answers

What does Naturalism assert as the source of truth?

Empirical evidence and scientific method Signup and view all the answers

Which philosophy states that truth is relative to the culture of a group?

Postmodernism Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided notes, which statement accurately describes what truth is?

Truth reveals and corresponds with reality. Signup and view all the answers

What concept describes the belief that nothing has inherent meaning?

Nihilism Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT listed as something that truth is?

Relative Signup and view all the answers

What does Pantheism emphasize as the path to truth?

Personal experience of the universe Signup and view all the answers

Which sacrament is recognized across all three mentioned denominations?

Marriage Signup and view all the answers

What type of truth does basic math exemplify?

Absolute truth Signup and view all the answers

In which section does Animism find truth?

Through interpretations by spiritual guides Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the elements of religion mentioned?

Political ideology Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Vocabulary

Teleology: Examines design or purpose in nature; a key concept in understanding religions.
Cosmology: Explores the origin of life.
Soteriology: The doctrine of salvation; outlines how individuals or creation achieve salvation.
Epistemology: Investigates the origin of human knowledge, often linked to holy texts.
Eschatology: Discusses the doctrine of end times and future states, including death and judgment.
Theology: Studies God, His attributes, and His relationship to the universe.
Anthropology: Focuses on humanity’s origins and cultures.
Ecclesiology: Analyzes church organization and doctrine.
Liturgy: Refers to the order of worship practices.
Mass: A Roman Catholic service that includes communion.
Bulletin: A printed program that outlines the order of service.
Creed: A formal statement of faith or belief.
Vestment: Religious garments worn by clergy.
Ecclesiastical: Pertaining to the church.
Orthodox: Conveys true belief within Christianity.
Catholic: Denotes universality in the context of faith.
Transubstantiation: The belief that substances change during communion.
Cosubstantiation: The belief that substances coexist during communion.
Sacrament: A means of grace, usually requiring Jesus’ command, forgiveness, and a physical element.
Icon: Religious images, especially in Eastern Orthodox Christianity, often used for intercession.
Intercession: The act of intervening on behalf of others, typically through prayer to saints in certain traditions.
Iconostasis: A partition in Eastern Orthodox churches separating the altar from the congregation, adorned with icons.
Venerate: To worship, which in Eastern Orthodoxy can involve kissing an icon.
Pope: The head of the Roman Catholic Church.
Infant Baptism: Initiates faith in Catholicism.
Synod: An assembly of clergy within a denomination.
Other names for communion: Includes Lord’s Supper, Eucharist, and Holy Communion.
Catholic qualifications for sainthood: Include martyrdom, charity, faith promotion, miracle-working, and being deceased.

Unit 0 Notes

Philosophies of Truth

Naturalism: Truth is found through senses and the scientific method.
Pantheism: Emphasizes personal experiences that unify individuals with the universe.
Animism: Involves seeking truth through spiritual guides like shamans.
Postmodernism: Proposes that truth varies by culture and tolerance of different truth claims.
Nihilism: Asserts that truth is meaningless and without purpose.
Theism: Claims truth is revealed by God through both natural and supernatural means.

What Truth Is Not

Not simply what's practical, understandable, or feels good.
Not defined by majority opinion, relevance, or public proof.
Not determined by belief, intention, or choice.

What Truth Is

Reveals, unchanging, consequential, knowable, expressible.
Corresponds with reality, limited, explanatory, confrontational.
Represents freedom, is universal, exclusive, and absolute.

Questions Religion Answers

Prime reality and what is ultimately real.
The nature of the external world.
Understanding human essence.
Afterlife beliefs.
Basis for knowledge.
Ethics and morality inquiries.
The meaning of history.
Core commitments of a specific worldview.

Elements of Religion

Belief systems, community, central myths, rituals, ethics.
Emotional experiences, material expressions, sacredness.

Sacraments Across Traditions

Roman Catholic: Baptism, Confirmation, Communion, Holy Orders, Marriage, Penance, Anointing the Sick.
Eastern Orthodox: Similar sacraments but includes Confession and Holy Unction.
Lutheran: Emphasizes Baptism and Communion/Eucharist.

Beliefs about Communion

Catholics and Eastern Orthodox uphold transubstantiation; Lutherans believe in Real Presence.

Distinctions in Baptism Practices

Roman Catholic: Infants using sprinkling.
Eastern Orthodox: Full immersion for naked infants.
Lutherans: Sprinkling for infants.

Controversial Beliefs

Roman Catholic: Includes purgatory, Mary as Co-redemptrix, papal infallibility, and indulgences.
Eastern Orthodox: Involves praying to saints and the Filioque controversy.

Marian Dogmas

Mary as eternal virgin and sinless.
Belief in her assumption into heaven.
Co-redeemer status alongside Christ.

Leadership and Denominations

Roman Catholic: Founded by Peter; led by Pope Francis.
Eastern Orthodox: Founded by Peter and Paul; led by Archbishops.
Lutheran: Founded by Martin Luther; LC-MS led by Rev. Matthew Harrison.

Lutheran Beliefs

Justification by grace alone through faith in Jesus; Scripture is the ultimate source of authority, referenced in Ephesians 2:8-10.

Important Lutheran Synods

ELCA (Evangelical Lutheran Church in America).
LC-MS (Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod).

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Description

Prepare for your upcoming test on Units 0 and 1 in Religion. This review covers essential vocabulary, including key concepts such as teleology, cosmology, and soteriology. Ensure you understand these critical terms and their implications in religious studies.