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Questions and Answers
Which imaging technique uses radiation for cancer and tumor treatment?
Which imaging technique uses radiation for cancer and tumor treatment?
What type of waves are used in ultrasound for medical diagnosis?
What type of waves are used in ultrasound for medical diagnosis?
Which imaging technique relies on the principle of detecting differences in tissue density?
Which imaging technique relies on the principle of detecting differences in tissue density?
In medical physics, what branch deals with applying physics principles to diagnosing and treating abnormal tissues?
In medical physics, what branch deals with applying physics principles to diagnosing and treating abnormal tissues?
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What revolutionary discovery by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen opened new avenues in science and medicine in 1895?
What revolutionary discovery by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen opened new avenues in science and medicine in 1895?
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How does CT scan differ from conventional X-ray in terms of imaging technique?
How does CT scan differ from conventional X-ray in terms of imaging technique?
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What happens to the small magnets in the patient's tissue when a current pulse is applied?
What happens to the small magnets in the patient's tissue when a current pulse is applied?
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How is the released energy from the small magnets detected in the patient's tissue?
How is the released energy from the small magnets detected in the patient's tissue?
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What does X-ray imaging rely on for visualizing the different parts of a patient's body?
What does X-ray imaging rely on for visualizing the different parts of a patient's body?
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How do differences in body tissue densities help in creating images with X-ray technology?
How do differences in body tissue densities help in creating images with X-ray technology?
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What transformation occurs to the electrical current detected from the patient's tissue during imaging?
What transformation occurs to the electrical current detected from the patient's tissue during imaging?
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Why do protons in different brain tissues give off different amounts of energy during imaging?
Why do protons in different brain tissues give off different amounts of energy during imaging?
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What happens when an X-ray strikes calcium in cortical bone?
What happens when an X-ray strikes calcium in cortical bone?
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What causes the lung to appear darker, almost black, on a radiographic image during an X-ray procedure?
What causes the lung to appear darker, almost black, on a radiographic image during an X-ray procedure?
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What makes a fracture line appear dark while the intact bone appears white on a radiographic image?
What makes a fracture line appear dark while the intact bone appears white on a radiographic image?
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In a CT scan, what is the role of the rotating X-ray source and detectors?
In a CT scan, what is the role of the rotating X-ray source and detectors?
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How does a CT scan differ from a regular X-ray procedure?
How does a CT scan differ from a regular X-ray procedure?
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Why do CT scan images provide more detailed information compared to normal X-ray images?
Why do CT scan images provide more detailed information compared to normal X-ray images?
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Study Notes
Medical Physics and Imaging
- Medical physics is a branch of physics that deals with the applications of principles of physics to medical diagnosing and treating abnormal tissues.
- The discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in 1895 opened a path to a new interdisciplinary branch, medical physics.
Medical Imaging
- Medical imaging refers to several different technologies that are used to view the human body in order to diagnose, monitor, or treat medical conditions.
- Imaging techniques can be categorized into electromagnetic (optical, X-ray, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), thermography), acoustic (ultrasound), chemical, and electrical.
MRI
- MRI uses the magnetic property of water to create an image.
- A current pulse is applied to the patient's tissue, disturbing the parallel arrangement of small magnets.
- When the current pulse is off, the small magnets return to their parallel arrangement, releasing energy that they absorbed from the pulse.
- Different tissues in the body give off different amounts of energy, which is detected by a special device and transformed into an image via a computer.
X-ray Imaging
- X-ray imaging is based on the absorption of X-rays as they pass through the different parts of a patient's body.
- Differences in the densities of body tissue allow us to see inside the body by creating a shadow gram.
- The higher the atomic number, the denser the element and the more effectively the X-ray is blocked.
- Examples of X-ray absorption include:
- Calcium in cortical bone, which appears white on the radiographic image
- Less dense elements like nitrogen, which appear darker on the radiographic image
CT Scan
- A CT scan uses computers and rotating X-ray machines to make many successive images (called tomograms) of the inside of the body along different directions.
- The X-ray source and the detectors rotate simultaneously in opposite directions.
- A motorized table moves the patient through a circular opening in the CT imaging system.
- The CT scan images provide more detailed information than normal X-ray.
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Description
Learn about how X-rays interact with different types of tissues in the human body on a radiographic image. Understand why bones appear white, while less dense elements like air appear dark or black.
