Radiographs and X-Rays Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the difference between an X-ray and a radiograph?

X-rays are a type of radiation; radiographs are a visible record produced by X-rays passing through an object.

What kind of wavelength and frequency do X-rays have?

X-rays have a short wavelength and high frequency.

Who discovered X-rays?

Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen.

How are X-rays generated?

Electrons are produced by the cathode and accelerate to the anode. Electrons hit the tungsten target on the anode to generate X-rays and heat. Signup and view all the answers

How can you take advantage of the anode heel effect?

By placing the thickest portion of the animal near the part of the beam providing the highest amount of penetrating beam. Signup and view all the answers

What organ systems are most sensitive to ionizing radiation?

Those with rapidly growing or reproducing cells, such as the reproductive system, growing fetus, immature blood cells, bone marrow, lenses of the eye, thyroid, and skin. Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum permissible dose (MPD) for occupationally exposed persons?

Should not exceed 5 REM/year. Signup and view all the answers

Name four sources of X-ray exposure.

The primary beam, scatter radiation, the X-ray tube head, fluoroscopy. Signup and view all the answers

What are the four types of monitoring devices that can be used when taking radiographs?

Film badges, Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD), Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) badges, and Ion chambers. Signup and view all the answers

Name all the PPE an individual should always wear when taking radiographs.

Dosimeter badge, lead apron, gloves, thyroid shield, and protective eyewear (optional). Signup and view all the answers

What are some general radiation safety guidelines to remember when taking radiographs in practice?

Wear PPE, wear dosimeter, never allow exposed body parts in the primary beam, never look at the primary beam, increase the distance between yourself and the patient, use chemical restraint or alternate methods of restraint whenever possible, never take radiographs if you are under 18, pregnant, or think you're pregnant, use the minimum number of staff needed to take a proper radiograph, never hold the X-ray tube or a cassette when taking a radiograph. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

X-Rays and Radiographs

X-rays are a type of radiation; radiographs are the images produced by X-rays passing through objects.
X-rays have short wavelengths and high frequencies, enhancing their ability to penetrate objects.

Discovery and Generation of X-Rays

Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen is credited with the discovery of X-rays.
X-rays are generated when electrons produced by the cathode accelerate towards the tungsten target at the anode, resulting in the emission of X-rays and heat.

Anode Heel Effect

To utilize the anode heel effect, position the thickest part of the subject towards the cathode side of the tube to achieve even film density.
For thoracic radiographs, place the animal so that its head is closer to the anode and the thickest part of its chest is nearest to the cathode.

Sensitivity to Ionizing Radiation

Organ systems most sensitive to ionizing radiation include reproductive systems, fetuses, immature blood cells, bone marrow, lenses of the eye, thyroid, and skin.

Occupational Radiation Exposure Limits

Maximum permissible dose (MPD) for occupationally exposed individuals is 5 REM/year.

Sources of X-Ray Exposure

Major sources of exposure include the primary X-ray beam, scatter radiation, the X-ray tube head, and fluoroscopy.

Radiation Monitoring Devices

Four types of monitoring devices for radiation exposure include:
- Film badges
- Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD)
- Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) badges
- Ion chambers

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Essential PPE for individuals taking radiographs includes:
- Dosimeter badge
- Lead apron
- Gloves
- Thyroid shield
- Optional protective eyewear

General Radiation Safety Guidelines

Follow safety practices such as wearing appropriate PPE and dosimeter badges.
Avoid exposing body parts to the primary beam and never look directly at it.
Maintain distance from the patient during radiography and use alternative restraint methods when possible.
Individuals under 18 or pregnant should avoid radiography tasks.
Minimize the number of staff present during the procedure and never hold the X-ray tube or cassette while taking radiographs.

Description

Test your knowledge on radiographs and X-rays with these flashcards. Learn the key differences, properties, and historical context of X-rays through interactive questions and definitions. Perfect for students in medical fields or those interested in radiology.