Understanding the Self - BSIT 2-1
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Questions and Answers

Which philosopher believed that the workings of our brains define our identity?

  • Paul Churchland (correct)
  • Gilbert Ryle
  • Maurice Jean Jacques Merleau-Ponty
  • David Hume

In Maurice Jean Jacques Merleau-Ponty's framework of perception, which of the following is NOT one of the divisions?

  • The Self
  • The Soul (correct)
  • The Body
  • The Perceived World

Which branch of anthropology studies material remains to interpret human behavior and culture?

  • Cultural Anthropology
  • Archeological Anthropology (correct)
  • Linguistic Anthropology
  • Biological Anthropology

Which philosopher is famous for his contributions to both Empiricism and Rationalism?

<p>David Hume (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is known as the father of modern philosophy for his systematic method?

<p>René Descartes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Linguistic Anthropology?

<p>The relationship between language and culture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following concepts is associated with the idea of phenomenology in Merleau-Ponty's philosophy?

<p>The Body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of perception, which element complements 'The Body' in Merleau-Ponty's philosophy?

<p>The Perceived World (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of a person is primarily focused on satisfaction of needs and self-gratification?

<p>Id (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which field of anthropology focuses on the relationship between language and culture?

<p>Linguistic Anthropology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final stage of self-development according to Mead?

<p>The Game Stage (6-9 years old) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best represents the essence of our consciousness in establishing the notion of 'self'?

<p>Synthesis of experiences, intuition, and imagination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the psyche is often in conflict with the demands of the Id?

<p>Ego (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Study of Cultural Anthropology primarily analyze?

<p>Social structures and norms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At which stage do children begin to understand social roles alongside their own?

<p>The Game Stage (6-9 years old) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily driven by the pleasure principle?

<p>Id (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is characterized by the imitation of actions and behaviors during the early stages of development?

<p>The Preparatory Stage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'philosophy' literally mean?

<p>Love for Wisdom (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which period of development is heavily influenced by ancient Greek and Roman culture?

<p>Adolescence Stage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is historically known as the father of the academy?

<p>Socrates (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of anthropology focuses on the study of human society and culture, analyzing social and cultural similarities?

<p>Cultural Anthropology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes 'Western Culture'?

<p>A collection of norms originating mainly from Europe (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of the self is most deeply affected by our immediate surroundings and personal investments?

<p>Material Self (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered the beginning of acquiring knowledge according to the concept discussed?

<p>Acceptance of ignorance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the idea that individuals are born as a 'blank slate'?

<p>Tabula Rasa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following aspects is described as the most intimate self?

<p>Moral Self (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which stage of development do children engage in taking on roles and interacting with others?

<p>Play Stage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Collectivism is primarily associated with which cultural perspective?

<p>Eastern Culture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which philosopher is noted for laying the groundwork for modern education?

<p>Socrates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of Archeological Anthropology?

<p>Analysis of cultural artifacts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT typically included in Western culture?

<p>Indigenous practices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What represents critical reasoning and moral integrity in a person's self-concept?

<p>The Person-Centered Self (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which philosopher is known for his works on existentialism and phenomenology?

<p>Maurice Jean Jacques Merleau-Ponty (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Mead indicate is essential for establishing a sense of self?

<p>Socialization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychologist is referred to as the father of psychoanalysis?

<p>Sigmund Freud (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Mead, what represents learned societal behaviors?

<p>Me (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept did Carl Rogers develop in his theoretical framework?

<p>Person-centered therapy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Western culture typically approach success compared to Eastern culture?

<p>With an emphasis on financial wealth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of self according to the concept of Transcendental Apperception?

<p>A cognitive interpretation of experiences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of experiences is central to the development of self in human nature theories?

<p>Social interactions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two components of the self proposed by Hume?

<p>The I and the Me (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is described as the simple being rooted from early infancy?

<p>The True Self (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes our defense façade that overlays the original sense of self?

<p>The Fake Self (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is culture transmitted according to Kottak?

<p>Through enculturation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept related to identity does Kenneth Gergen associate with Postmodern Psychology?

<p>There are many potential selves (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cultural tendency is associated with Western culture according to the text?

<p>Acquisition of material things (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mantra is associated with Eastern culture's approach to material assets?

<p>Less is more (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is enculturation?

<p>The social process in which culture is learned (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Preparatory Stage

The stage where infants imitate others' actions and behaviors.

Play Stage

Stage from 2-6 years where children take on roles and pretend.

Game Stage

Children (6-9 years old) develop an understanding of multiple roles and the rules of social interactions.

Material Self

The self as connected to possessions, surroundings, and appearance.

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Individualism

A cultural value emphasizing individual needs and independence.

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Collectivism

A cultural value highlighting group harmony and interdependence.

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Cultural Anthropology

Study of human societies and cultures, comparing them.

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"Tabula Rasa"

A blank slate.

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What is the 'Id'?

The impulsive, primal part of our personality, driven by immediate gratification and desires.

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Ego

The mediator between our inner desires (Id) and the demands of reality (Superego).

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Superego

Represents our internalized sense of morality, rules, and societal expectations.

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What is 'Linguistic Anthropology'?

The field of anthropology that studies language in its social and cultural context.

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What is the 'Game Stage'?

The final stage of Mead's self-development theory where children learn to understand complex social roles and rules.

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What is the 'essence of consciousness'?

It's what makes us 'us' - a unique blend of our experiences, intuition, and imagination.

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What is 'Tabula Rasa'?

The idea that we are born with a blank slate, and our personality is shaped by our experiences.

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What is 'Personality'?

The unique combination of thoughts, emotions, and behaviors that make us who we are.

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Transcendence

The state of going beyond the limits of ordinary experience and achieving a higher level of understanding, awareness, or being.

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The Person - Centered

An approach to therapy, education, or personal development that emphasizes individual uniqueness and potential.

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What does 'Philosophy' mean?

It comes from the Greek words 'Philos' and 'Sophia,' meaning 'love for wisdom.'

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Who is the 'father of the academy'?

Socrates is known as the father of the academy, a place dedicated to learning and sharing knowledge, which later became the basis for modern schools and education.

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What is 'Western Culture'?

A broad term describing social norms, beliefs, traditions, and values originating from or based on European culture.

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What is the beginning of acquiring knowledge?

Person's acceptance of ignorance is the beginning of acquiring knowledge.

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Transcendental Apperception

A process where the mind actively synthesizes and integrates sensory experiences into a unified and coherent self-awareness. It's the understanding that we are conscious of our own consciousness. This involves the recognition that we are ourselves, a unique and distinct entity.

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Rene Descartes

A French philosopher famous for his statement 'Cogito, ergo sum' - 'I think, therefore I am'. He advocated for a rational approach to understanding the self and believed that our thinking is the foundation of our existence.

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Maurice Jean Jacques Merleau-Ponty

A French philosopher known for his work on existentialism and phenomenology, emphasizing how our bodies shape our perceptions of the world. His work explores the connection between our physical experience and the formation of self.

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Self Establishment

The dynamic and ongoing process of shaping our sense of self through interactions and experiences within the social world.

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Eastern Culture

Often focuses on interconnectedness, harmony, and finding meaning through contemplation and acceptance of life's impermanence. This is in contrast to the Western emphasis on achievement and individuality.

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Sigmund Freud

An Austrian Psychologist and Physician, also known as the 'father of psychoanalysis'. His work was groundbreaking in exploring the unconscious mind and its influence on behavior and personality. He proposed a model of the mind with the Id (basic instincts), Ego (reason), and Superego (morality).

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Socialization

A lifelong process of learning social norms, values, expectations, and behaviors within a particular society. It shapes our understanding of ourselves and how we interact with others.

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Paul Churchland

A philosopher who believes that our brains and their workings are the key to understanding who we are.

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Phenomenology of Perception

Maurice Jean Jacques Merleau-Ponty's idea that our perception of the world is shaped by our body and how we experience it.

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Archeological Anthropology

The study of past cultures and societies through the analysis of material remains like tools, pottery, and buildings.

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Immanuel Kant

A German philosopher renowned for his work on Empiricism and Rationalism, exploring the limits of human knowledge.

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David Hume

A philosopher known for his skepticism and focus on experience as the primary source of knowledge.

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The Material Self

One of the four selves, representing our possessions, appearance, and surroundings.

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Who is the 'father of modern philosophy'?

The French philosopher René Descartes is known as the father of modern philosophy due to his groundbreaking work in applying scientific methods to philosophical questions.

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The Spiritual Self

One of the four selves, focusing on our inner beliefs, values, and sense of purpose.

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The 'I' and the 'Me'

Hume's concept of two components of the self: the 'I' being the perceiving subject, the conscious observer, while the 'Me' is a collection of experiences and self-awareness.

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True Self

The authentic and original sense of self, formed in early infancy. This is the core of who we are.

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Fake Self

A defense mechanism that overlays or contradicts the True Self. It's often used to protect ourselves or meet societal expectations.

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Enculturation

The process of learning and internalizing cultural behaviors and beliefs.

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Multiple Potential Selves

Gergen's idea that individuals have the capability to identify with various aspects of themselves, depending on the situation.

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Cultural Differences

Reflect the diverse ways societies and individuals perceive the world, value relationships, and live their lives.

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Study Notes

Understanding the Self - BSIT 2-1

  • Long Test: Chapter 1-5, 1st Semester 2024-2025
  • Total Points: 50/50
  • Email: [email protected]
  • Name: Luis Martin S. Aquino

Question and Answer

  • Question 1: Who believed the self exists in two parts (body and soul), present in the physical realm?

    • Answer: Aristotle

  • Question 2: What is the study of human society, its structure, and how it works, including people's interactions?

    • Answer: Sociology

  • Question 3: What is the stage where infants imitate the actions of others?

    • Answer: Preparatory Stage (birth - 2 years old)

  • Question 4: What stage involves the ability to recognize rules and roles of others?

    • Answer: Game Stage (6-9 years old)

  • Question 5: What is the idea of self as a lifetime endeavor?

    • Answer: Socialization

  • Question 6: Who is the father of psychoanalysis?

    • Answer: Sigmund Freud

  • Question 7: What is the study of human society and culture, analyzing similarities and differences?

    • Answer: Cultural Anthropology

  • Question 8: What is the self-worth or how a person sees themselves and others?

    • Answer: The Perceived Self

  • Question 9: What is the consciousness of one's personality, inclined to uphold justice?

    • Answer: Superego

  • Question 10: What is the characteristic of Western culture?

    • Answer: Obsession with being successful

  • Question 11: What is the meaning of "Tabula Rasa"?

    • Answer: Blank Slate

  • Question 12: What is the child aspect of a person, driven by the pleasure principle?

    • Answer: Id

  • Question 13: What is the study of language in its social and cultural context?

    • Answer: Linguistic Anthropology

  • Question 14: What is the final stage of self-development according to Mead?

    • Answer: Game Stage

  • Question 15: What is the essence of consciousness that synthesizes experiences, intuition, and imagination to establish the "self"?

    • Answer: Transcendental Apperception

  • Question 16: Who is known for existentialism and phenomenology?

    • Answer: Maurice Jean Jacques Merleau-Ponty

  • Question 17: What is a lifetime endeavor regarding the sense of self?

    • Answer: Socialization

  • Question 18: According to Mead, what does the Me represent?

    • Answer: Learned societal behaviors/expectations

  • Question 19: What is the final stage of self-development, where children recognize rules and roles?

    • Answer: Game Stage

  • Question 20: What is the result of wealth and poverty in Eastern culture?

    • Answer: Fortune and luck

  • Question 21: What represents an individual's identity based on social behaviors and expectations, according to Mead?

    • Answer: The Self

  • Question 22: What is how a person would like to be?

    • Answer: The Ideal Self

  • Question 23: What is the focal point of Western culture?

    • Answer: Focus on oneself

  • Question 24: What is the broader term for social norms, customs, and values rooted in European culture?

    • Answer: Western Culture

  • Question 25: What is the beginning of acquiring knowledge according to acceptance of ignorance?

    • Answer: Acceptance of ignorance

  • Question 26: What is the most intimate part of the self?

    • Answer: Spiritual Self

  • Question 27: Who thinks our brains workings define us?

    • Answer: Paul Churchland

  • Question 28: What is phenomenology of perception according to Maurice Merleau-Ponty?

    • Answer: The Body, the World, and the People.

  • Question 29: What is the study that reconstructs, and describes human behavior using artifacts?

    • Answer: Archeological Anthropology

  • Question 30: Who is known for Empiricism and Rationalism?

    • Answer: John Locke

  • Question 31: Who is the father of modern philosophy, using systematic and scientific methods?

    • Answer: Rene Descartes

  • Question 32: Who chose death over exile, fighting ignorance?

    • Answer: Socrates

  • Question 33: According to Plato, what part of a person is driven by desire?

    • Answer: Appetitive Soul

  • Question 34: Who believed God encompasses everything?

    • Answer: St. Augustine

  • Question 35: Define "Cogito Ergo Sum", the phrase used by Descartes.

    • Answer: “I think, therefore I am.”

  • Question 36: Is Western culture primarily focused on self?

    • Answer: True

  • Question 37: Is culture learned and shared?

    • Answer: True

  • Question 38: Does psychology have various methods of understanding a person?

    • Answer: True

  • Question 39: Does "Fake Self" overlay or contradict the original sense of self?

    • Answer: True

  • Question 40: Is Eastern culture more focused on material things than Eastern culture?

    • Answer: False

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Understanding the Self - BSIT 2-1 Long Test PDF

Description

This quiz covers key concepts from Chapters 1-5 of the 'Understanding the Self' course. It examines various theories of self, human society, and developmental stages from the perspective of renowned philosophers and psychologists. Test your knowledge and understanding of these foundational ideas in the first semester of 2024-2025.

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