29 Questions
Which cells present antigens to T-cells?
Dendritic cells
What is the main effector cell of acute inflammation?
Neutrophils
Which cells become macrophages in the tissue?
Monocytes
What is the lifespan of a neutrophil?
A few days
What is the main cell type involved in chronic inflammation?
Macrophages
What is the major complication of Crohn's disease?
Stricture
Which of the following is a possible outcome after cell death following tissue damage?
Restitution
What is the initial response to tissue damage?
Acute inflammatory reaction
What is the difference between acute and chronic inflammation?
Acute inflammation is a normal process, while chronic inflammation is abnormal.
What is an acute inflammatory exudate composed of?
Fluids and proteins
What is the purpose of an acute inflammatory exudate?
To destroy and eliminate infective agents
Which type of immunity involves the generation of antigen-specific antibodies and T-cells?
Adaptive immunity
What triggers the innate immune response?
Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
Which type of immunodeficiency is a rare genetic disorder where there is little or no function of white blood cells?
Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)
Which virus infects and destroys T-lymphocytes, leading to immunodeficiency?
Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
What is the normal range for white blood cell (WBC) count in a healthy individual?
4,000 to 11,000 cells/µL of blood
Which technique is used to study protein expression on cells and can be performed on tissue sections or in cell suspensions?
Immunophenotyping
Which method allows for the assessment of multiple cell types at the same time but results in the loss of tissue structure during processing?
Flow cytometry
Which type of immunity is generated via natural exposure or active vaccination and confers lasting immunity?
Adaptive immunity
True or false: Neutrophils are the main effector cells of chronic inflammation?
False
True or false: Macrophages can form discrete clusters called granulomas in granulomatous inflammation?
True
True or false: Chronic inflammation can result in fibrosis and stricture formation in Crohn's disease?
True
True or false: Chronic inflammation is a normal, healthy, temporary process designed to eliminate damaging stimuli and heal damage?
False
True or false: Chronic inflammation occurs when the damaging stimulus cannot be removed and the inflammatory process persists, becoming damaging to the host tissues?
True
True or false: Acute inflammation is characterized by four cardinal effects including redness, heat, pain, and swelling?
True
Immunodeficiency can only be inherited and not acquired or result from exposure to damaging stimuli.
False
Immunodeficiency can lead to unusual infections and cancer.
True
Immunophenotyping is a technique used to study protein expression on cells and can only be performed on tissue sections.
False
Flow cytometry is a higher throughput technique compared to microscopy and is less prone to human error.
True
Test your knowledge of the outcomes following cell death and tissue damage in clinical immunology. Explore concepts such as restitution, fibrous repair, scar tissue formation, acute inflammatory reactions, and chronic inflammation.
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