Understanding the Gait Cycle

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Questions and Answers

What phases are primarily responsible for weight acceptance during gait?

Initial Swing and Mid-Swing

Initial Contact and Loading Response (correct)

Terminal Stance and Pre-Swing

Midstance and Swing Phase

Which phase experiences the most precarious balance during ambulation?

Midstance (correct)

Terminal Stance

Initial Swing

Loading Response

What is the primary task of the swing phase in gait?

Limb Advancement (correct)

Force Absorption

Weight Acceptance

Height Increase

Which sub-phases of swing are involved in clearing the foot from the floor?

Initial Swing and Mid-Swing Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of knee extension during terminal swing?

Increases step length Signup and view all the answers

What is the physiological definition of normal gait?

A method that depends on the integrated action of bones, muscles, and the nervous system. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a prerequisite of gait?

The ability to increase muscle strength. Signup and view all the answers

How long does one complete gait cycle last during normal adult walking?

1 second Signup and view all the answers

Which phase occurs when one leg is in contact with the ground while the other leg is in motion?

Single stance phase Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of total body weight does the head, arms, and trunk (HAT) constitute?

75% Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the swing phase of the gait cycle?

The leg moves forward to create a new step. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor could lead to a pathological gait?

An injury affecting any part of the locomotion system. Signup and view all the answers

What does the mechanical definition of gait primarily focus on?

The alternating action between the lower extremities. Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the gait cycle is the stance phase?

60% Signup and view all the answers

Which phase occurs first during the stance phase?

Initial contact Signup and view all the answers

During which phase does the body's center of mass move directly over the foot?

Mid stance Signup and view all the answers

Which phase marks the end of the weight-bearing interval in the stance phase?

Pre-swing Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the loading response phase?

The weight is fully transferred onto the stance limb. Signup and view all the answers

The swing phase of the gait cycle represents what interval?

When the foot is in the air and not weight-bearing. Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the gait cycle is occupied by the terminal stance phase?

30%-50% Signup and view all the answers

What event signifies the transition from the terminal stance to the pre-swing phase?

The heel of the reference foot lifts off the ground. Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the gait cycle is the initial swing phase?

60%-73% Signup and view all the answers

During which phase does the reference limb pass directly under the body?

Mid-swing Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the terminal swing phase?

To prepare for a new heel strike Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the gait cycle has both feet in contact with the ground?

Initial double stance Signup and view all the answers

What function does the stance phase serve in human gait?

Contributes to all fundamental tasks of gait Signup and view all the answers

As running velocity increases, what trend occurs with double-limb support time?

It decreases. Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the gait cycle does single limb support (SLS) take up?

40% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the fundamental tasks associated with human gait?

Limb stabilization Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Gait Cycle

The gait cycle describes the motions from heel contact to the same heel's next contact.
One cycle lasts approximately 1 second at normal walking speeds and covers 1.4 meters.
The cycle is divided into two phases: stance and swing.

Stance Phase (60% of the gait cycle)

Refers to the period where the foot is in contact with the ground.
It's divided into five sub-phases:
- Initial Contact (heel strike): The foot makes initial contact with the ground, typically with the heel.
- Loading Response (flat foot): The foot makes full contact with the ground, and weight fully transfers onto the stance limb.
- Mid-Stance: The body's center of mass (COM) moves directly over the foot.
- Terminal Stance (heel off): The heel of the reference foot rises.
- Pre-Swing (toe off): Only the toe of the reference limb remains in contact with the ground.

Swing Phase (40% of the gait cycle)

Refers to the period where the foot is not in contact with the ground.
It's divided into three sub-phases:
- Initial Swing (acceleration): The toe of the reference limb leaves the ground.
- Mid-Swing: The reference limb passes directly under the body.
- Terminal Swing (deceleration): The knee extends in preparation for new heel strike.

Intervals of the Gait Cycle

The gait cycle is further divided into intervals:
- Double Limb Support (IDS and TDS): Both feet are in contact with the ground, occurring during the initial contact and loading response (IDS) and pre-swing (TDS).
- Single Limb Support (SLS): Only one foot is in contact with the ground, encompassing the mid-stance and terminal stance phases.

Functional Tasks of Gait

There are three fundamental tasks associated with human gait:
- Weight acceptance (involved in stance phase): The ability to receive and distribute the body's weight.
- Single-limb support (involved in stance phase): The ability to maintain balance during stance on one leg.
- Limb advancement (involved in swing phase): The ability to move the limb forward, advancing the body.

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Description

This quiz explores the components and phases of the gait cycle, detailing the motions from heel contact to the subsequent contact. Learn about the stance and swing phases, including their sub-phases and functions in normal walking. Perfect for students in kinesiology or physical therapy.