Chapter 4 MCQ from Lecture
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Questions and Answers

In sensory processing, what is meant by "temporal summation"?

  • The summation of multiple stimuli presented at different locations simultaneously.
  • The integration of sensory signals received at different times. (correct)
  • The decrease in response strength over time with a constant stimulus.
  • The conversion of short-term memories into long-term memories.

    • What is the primary function of hair cells in the auditory system?

  • To detect changes in air pressure and convert them into electrical signals. (correct)
  • To protect the inner ear from physical damage.
  • To regulate the balance of fluids within the ear.
  • To produce earwax for trapping foreign particles.

    • Hair cells in the auditory system are specialized sensory cells that detect mechanical changes in air pressure (sound waves) and convert them into electrical signals for auditory processing. How do sensory systems encode the intensity of a stimulus?

  • By changing the type of neurotransmitter released.
  • By altering the amplitude of action potentials.
  • Through the frequency of action potentials. (correct)
  • By switching between excitatory and inhibitory responses.

    • What role do thermoreceptors play in maintaining body temperature?

    <p>They detect temperature changes and trigger physiological responses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of adaptation in sensory receptors?

    <p>To reduce the response to constant or repetitive stimuli.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the central nervous system (CNS)?

    <p>To process information and coordinate responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical structure of a chemical synapse in the central nervous system (CNS)?

    <p>A synaptic cleft flanked by axonal spines of the pre-synaptic neuron and dendritic spines of the post-synaptic neuron.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the CNS, chemical synapses typically consist of axonal spines from the pre-synaptic neuron and dendritic spines from the post-synaptic neuron. What is the typical width of the synaptic cleft in these synapses?

    <p>(200-300 angstroms wide)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for synapses in the CNS to perform selection of action potentials?

    <p>To block weak signals while allowing strong ones to pass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the CNS, what is the effect of diverging signals in a neural network?

    <p>Redirect incoming signals into different directions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of spatial summation in neural communication?

    <p>To sum up signals from multiple neurons at different synapses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the CNS handle the enormous range of stimulus intensities in perception?

    <p>Through signal compression at the level of transduction and conversion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process occurs when a sensory receptor adjusts to a continuous stimulus by reducing sensitivity?

    <p>Adaptation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In sensory processing, what is the main function of signal compression?

    <p>To enable the sensory system to perceive a wide range of stimulus intensities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of divergence in neural networks?

    <p>To spread the signal to multiple neurons, amplifying its effect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the CNS encode the intensity of a stimulus?

    <p>Through the frequency of action potentials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does adaptation play in sensory receptors?

    <p>It decreases the receptor's sensitivity to a constant stimulus over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In sensory systems, what is the significance of spatial summation?

    <p>It involves the integration of signals from multiple neurons at a single synapse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of receptor potentials in sensory neurons?

    <p>They change in response to environmental stimuli and initiate action potentials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of sensory adaptation, what happens when a receptor is continuously exposed to a stimulus?

    <p>The receptor's response to the stimulus decreases over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the CNS encode the intensity of a stimulus?

    <p>Through the frequency of action potentials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the somatosensory system?

    <p>To process sensory information related to touch, pain, and temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon occurs when neural signals from multiple neurons are combined at a single post-synaptic neuron?

    <p>Spatial summation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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