Understanding Stress: Physiological and Psychological
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Questions and Answers

What does learned helplessness cause individuals to do?

  • Ignore opportunities for change (correct)
  • Develop coping strategies
  • Embrace challenges
  • Seek help actively
  • What is a primary factor that contributes to resilience?

  • Perspective on the world (correct)
  • Random chance
  • Financial stability
  • Inherited traits
  • Which of the following is an aspect of learned resourcefulness?

  • Coping with stress (correct)
  • Relying on external validation
  • Avoiding stressors
  • Surrendering to challenges
  • How does high self-esteem relate to resilience?

    <p>It is essential for developing coping strategies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does external locus of control imply about a person's beliefs?

    <p>They think outcomes are influenced by external forces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What roles do coping strategies play in resilience?

    <p>They contribute to the development of resilience (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which state reflects a belief that one cannot change certain situations?

    <p>Learned helplessness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of events does resilience help individuals manage?

    <p>Challenging life events specifically (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is not mentioned as contributing to resilience?

    <p>Financial wealth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a negative implication of a person with an external locus of control?

    <p>They tend to give up on challenging situations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary characteristic of individuals with Type A personalities?

    <p>They are self-critical and highly ambitious. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which coping mechanism focuses on directly addressing the source of stress?

    <p>Problem-focused coping (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of locus of control, what does an internal locus imply?

    <p>Confidence in one's ability to influence events. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does the Type A personality's impatience have on their stress levels?

    <p>It increases their susceptibility to stress. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios would most likely require coping mechanisms?

    <p>Undergoing a divorce. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the aim of emotion-focused coping mechanisms?

    <p>To repress emotions related to stress. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How might a person with a high degree of learned helplessness respond to adverse events?

    <p>By believing they are powerless to change their fate. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the relationship between Type A behavior and stress?

    <p>Type A behavior contributes to higher stress levels. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between physiological and psychological stress?

    <p>Physiological stress arises from external conditions impacting body functionality. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which coping style aims to help individuals understand the implications of their problems?

    <p>Meaning-focused coping (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following might be a consequence of individuals not utilizing coping mechanisms after stress?

    <p>Potential psychological and physical issues. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a daily hassle that can lead to stress?

    <p>Dealing with an unmanageable workload. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does vulnerability impact a person's response to stress?

    <p>It can shape maladaptive reactions to stress-inducing situations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a direct result of conflicts such as unhealthy relationships?

    <p>Creation of a toxic environment leading to stress. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the concept of invulnerability?

    <p>It reflects a sense of protection against potential harm. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenario would a person likely experience psychological stress?

    <p>When facing demands exceeding their coping abilities. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT typically contribute to physiological stress?

    <p>Perceived financial instability. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect can trauma have on a person's mental state?

    <p>It can evoke responses such as anxiety and sadness. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common outcome when individuals perceive life events as unmanageable?

    <p>They may give up searching for solutions and feel stressed. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to understand individual levels of vulnerability?

    <p>It helps in tailoring interventions for psychological support. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Stress

    A reaction to stimuli interpreted as challenges or obstacles.

    Physiological Stress

    Stress resulting from failure to respond effectively to physical stimuli.

    Psychological Stress

    Stress caused by perceived demands exceeding adaptive abilities.

    Life Events

    Significant occurrences that lead to stress, like sickness or financial issues.

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    Daily Hassles

    Minor daily challenges that can accumulate to cause stress.

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    Conflict

    Disagreements or unhealthy relationships contributing to stress.

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    Trauma

    Severe stress from traumatic events causing emotional responses.

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    Vulnerability

    Susceptibility to negative outcomes or harm from stress.

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    Cognitive Bias

    A distortion in thinking that increases susceptibility to stress.

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    Invulnerability

    The sense of being protected against harmful stress effects.

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    Type A Personality

    A personality type characterized by competitiveness, impatience, and high ambition.

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    Stress Susceptibility

    The tendency to experience high levels of stress, especially in Type A individuals.

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    Coping Mechanisms

    Strategies used to adjust to stress and traumatic events.

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    Problem-Focused Coping

    Striving to address the issue that causes stress directly.

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    Emotion-Focused Coping

    Suppressing emotions related to stress rather than addressing the source.

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    Meaning-Focused Coping

    Understanding the meaning behind a problem to handle it better.

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    Locus of Control

    The degree to which individuals believe they can control their behavior and outcomes.

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    Internal Locus of Control

    Belief that one's actions directly affect outcomes; more proactive approach.

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    External Locus of Control

    Belief that outside forces dictate outcomes, leading to passivity.

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    Learned Helplessness

    Feeling unable to change situations, leading to inaction.

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    Learned Resourcefulness

    Skills that help manage stress and cope with challenges.

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    Resilience

    Ability to recover from difficult situations.

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    Coping Strategies

    Techniques used to handle stress and challenges.

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    Self-Esteem

    Confidence in one's own worth or abilities.

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    Factors of Resilience

    Elements influencing resilience, like perspective and resources.

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    Mental Capacity

    Ability to manage thoughts, emotions, and behavior.

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    Emotional Capacity

    Ability to process and respond to emotions.

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    Behavioural Capacity

    Actions taken in response to challenges.

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    Study Notes

    Stress: Physiological and Psychological Aspects

    • Stress is a reaction to stimuli perceived as challenges or obstacles.
    • Physiological stress involves external factors impacting normal bodily functions (e.g., exposure to cold).
    • Psychological stress arises when perceived demands exceed coping abilities.
    • Stress affects both physical and emotional well-being.

    Situational Factors: Life Events, Daily Hassles/Uplifts, Conflict, and Trauma

    • Life events (e.g., illness, financial problems) can cause stress.
    • Daily hassles (e.g., demanding jobs) can increase stress levels.
    • Conflicts (e.g., unhealthy relationships) create toxic environments leading to stress and negative responses.
    • Trauma (e.g., physical assault) evokes significant stress.

    Vulnerability and Invulnerability

    • Vulnerability is susceptibility to negative outcomes.
    • Individuals have varying levels of vulnerability to stress.
    • Cognitive biases and beliefs can influence vulnerability.
    • Invulnerability is a sense of protection against harm, potentially helping to cope with stress.

    Type A Behavior Theory

    • Type A personality traits include competitiveness, impatience, and being achievement-oriented, along with traits such as being aggressive.
    • Individuals with Type A personalities may find coping with stressors difficult due to strong tendencies to be self-critical.
    • Type A individuals may be easily angered and perceive the worst in people.

    Type B Personality

    • Individuals with Type B personalities tend toward being more relationship-oriented, enthusiastic, creative, and outgoing.

    Coping Mechanisms

    • Coping mechanisms are strategies for adjusting to stressful events.
    • Coping mechanisms help maintain physical and psychological well-being.
    • Strategies can include problem-focused and emotion-focused approaches.
    • Meaning-focused coping aims at understanding the problem to reduce the emotional impact.

    Locus of Control, Learned Helplessness, and Learned Resourcefulness

    • Locus of control is the degree to which someone feels in control of their behaviour
    • Internal locus of control - believing you are in control of your actions
    • External locus of control - believing external factors determine your outcomes
    • Learned helplessness - believing you cannot change a situation
    • Learned resourcefulness - the capacity to cope effectively with stress.

    Resilience

    • Resilience is the ability to cope with challenging life events.
    • Factors influencing resilience include individual perspectives, resources, and coping skills.
    • People with higher self-esteem and adequate problem-solving skills are often better equipped to cope with stressors.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the multifaceted aspects of stress, including its physiological and psychological implications. It examines various situational factors such as life events, daily hassles, conflict, and trauma that contribute to stress levels. Additionally, the quiz considers concepts of vulnerability and invulnerability in the context of stress management.

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