Chapter 1 - Overview of Statistics

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Questions and Answers

definition of statistics

a field of study of how data and information is collected, organized, presented and analyzed and interpret to make decisions

two types of statistics

describe (graph, table, number) and infer (estimate, test)

descriptive statistics consist of

collection, organization, summarization, and presentation of data

inferential statistics consist of

<p>generalizing from samples to populations, performing estimations and hypothesis, determining relationship between variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

meaning of census

<p>study of entire population. ex; budget amount is large &amp; time completion is long. not suitable if population is large</p> Signup and view all the answers

meaning of sample survey

<p>some selected segment of population. suits of population is large. reduce cost and time</p> Signup and view all the answers

meaning of parameter

<p>numerical descriptive measures of population</p> Signup and view all the answers

meaning of statistics

<p>numerical descriptive measure taken from sample</p> Signup and view all the answers

nominal scale meaning

<p>dont hv numerical meaning, category cant be ranked</p> Signup and view all the answers

ordinal scale meaning

<p>numerical order is meaningful, categories can be ranked</p> Signup and view all the answers

interval scale meaning

<p>always numerical, do not hv zero point</p> Signup and view all the answers

ratio scale meaning

<p>always numerical, zero has meaning</p> Signup and view all the answers

Advantage and Disadvantage of F2F IV

<p>A: high response rate, can explain if don't understand, mire questions can be ask D: expensive, may biased, too embarrassed</p> Signup and view all the answers

Advantage and Disadvantage of Telephone IV

<p>A: less expensive, can be contact easily D: short question, low response rate bcs can replace receiver</p> Signup and view all the answers

Advantage and Disadvantage of Mail Questionnaire

<p>A: save cost, coverage is wider D: lowest response rate (took time), cannot explain question, so they wont answer</p> Signup and view all the answers

Advantage and Disadvantage of Direct Observation IV

<p>A: allow to acces information, can avoids bias D: obsv fail to record important, can wrongly interpret</p> Signup and view all the answers

Simple Random Sampling is

<p>each item has same chances of being selected</p> Signup and view all the answers

Systematic Sampling is

<p>random starting point is selected, every kth member of the population is selected</p> Signup and view all the answers

Stratified Sampling is

<p>divide into strata then, muct choose sample from each strata</p> Signup and view all the answers

Convenience Sampling is

<p>respondent selected during right place and time</p> Signup and view all the answers

Judgemental Sampling is

<p>researcher's biased</p> Signup and view all the answers

Snowball Sampling is

<p>ask the respondent to indentify others in the same population</p> Signup and view all the answers

what is primary data

<p>initially gathered by researcher, captured for the first time</p> Signup and view all the answers

Advantage and Disadvantage of primary data

<p>A: directly relevant to the problem at hand, greater control of accuracy D: time consuming and expensive</p> Signup and view all the answers

what is secondary data

<p>gathered from other sources, exist in or outside of organisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Advantage and Disadvantage of secondary data

<p>A: less time, effort, money D: not be problem specific, outdated, not accurate</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quantitative Variable is

<p>can count or measure</p> Signup and view all the answers

Discrete quantitative arise from

<p>counting process</p> Signup and view all the answers

Continuous Quantitative arise from

<p>measuring process</p> Signup and view all the answers

Qualitative Variable is

<p>categories by characteristics or attributes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Statistics?

The field of study focused on collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing, and interpreting data to make decisions.

What is Descriptive Statistics?

Statistics that describe data through graphs, tables, and numbers.

What is Inferential Statistics?

Statistics that involve generalizing from samples to populations, estimations, hypothesis testing, and determining relationships between variables.

Descriptive Statistics consists of?

Collection, organization, summarization, and presentation of data.

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Inferential Statistics consists of

Generalizing from samples to populations, performing estimations and hypothesis, determining relationship between variables

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a Census?

A study of the entire population, often involving large budgets and long completion times.

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What is a Sample Survey?

A study of a selected segment of the population, suitable for large populations to reduce cost and time.

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Meaning of Parameter?

Numerical descriptive measures of a population.

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Meaning of Statistics?

Numerical descriptive measure taken from a sample.

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