Questions and Answers
What percentage of ovens sold are range stoves as opposed to another type?
Descriptive statistic
Inferential statistics are most commonly used to do what?
Test a hypothesis
Descriptive statistics can describe the characteristics of a _________ while inferential statistics draw inferences about the characteristics of a __________.
sample; population
If a researcher wants to use data from a sample to draw conclusions about a population, they would need to use what?
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If a researcher tests a hypothesis on a sample of individuals, what will the researcher almost certainly need?
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What does the term 'inferential' in inferential statistics signify?
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What has a statistics instructor used if they calculate the standard deviation for a set of homework scores?
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What has a statistics instructor used if they calculate the mean exam score for 10 students to estimate the whole class performance?
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In a study where a researcher distributes a social conservatism survey to 50 students, what is the sample?
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What can we say when we use inferential statistics to arrive at a conclusion in our study?
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If a researcher counts the number of faculty and students who stop at a stop sign on campus, what type of statistics is this an example of?
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Which of the following is true? A) Descriptive statistics can be performed without inferential statistics B) Inferential statistics often involve first calculating descriptive statistics C) A and B are correct D) None of the other options are correct
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What term is used to denote statistics that are only derived from the individuals in the study?
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What is the relevant statistic when a researcher distributes a social conservatism survey to 50 students?
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A histogram would be used instead of a bar graph if ________.
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Study Notes
Descriptive and Inferential Statistics Overview
- Descriptive statistics summarize and describe the characteristics of a sample, such as the percentage of range stoves sold.
- Inferential statistics are employed to test hypotheses and make inferences about a population based on sample data.
Types of Data and Their Uses
- Descriptive statistics provide insights into the sample, while inferential statistics allow for conclusions about a larger population.
- Researchers commonly use both descriptive and inferential statistics when analyzing data from a sample to draw conclusions related to the broader population.
Importance of Samples
- The sample in a study refers to the specific group being analyzed, such as the 50 UCA students surveyed on political orientation.
- Sample data lead to confidence in drawing conclusions, but certainty is never absolute.
Key Concepts in Statistics
- Standard deviation is a descriptive statistic used to measure variability among scores in a dataset.
- Descriptive statistics can be utilized independently, yet inferential statistics typically follow the calculation of descriptive statistics to validate findings.
Application of Statistics in Research
- Calculating the mean score from a sample is an example of employing both descriptive and inferential statistics, as it provides insights about the entire class based on a subset.
- Observing events, such as counting faculty and students at a stop sign, exemplifies the use of descriptive statistics.
Interpretation of Results
- Inferential statistics facilitate conclusions derived from sample data, emphasizing the inherent uncertainty in estimations.
- Understanding statistical terms is crucial; for instance, descriptive statistics are derived solely from the study's participants, not the larger population.
Graphical Representation
- A histogram should be employed for continuous variables, distinguishing it from bar graphs which are used for categorical data.
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Description
Test your knowledge on descriptive and inferential statistics through these flashcards. Learn key concepts and applications that are vital for understanding data analysis. This quiz is perfect for students and professionals looking to sharpen their statistical skills.
