Questions and Answers
What is the most general statement that can be made about the autonomous power of the state?
What is meant by the term 'despotic power' of the state elite?
What is the primary difference between despotic power and infrastructural power?
Which of the following is NOT an element of the predominant view of the state?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the state's infrastructural power?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the relationship between strong states and societies?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary characteristic of the state's autonomy in today's capitalist democracies?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the relationship between the state's autonomy and its ability to penetrate civil society?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the state in terms of setting rules?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the most important precondition of state power?
Signup and view all the answers
What is unique to the state in terms of power mobilization?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the result of combining the necessity, multiplicity, and territorial centrality of the state?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the focus of Lipset's observation in 1959?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary reason why democracies may emerge as countries develop economically?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a key task of the state elite, according to the content?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a characteristic of developmental states?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a characteristic of the state that distinguishes it from other groups in civil society?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a condition that leads to the formation of broad coalitions?
Signup and view all the answers
According to Tilly's famous dictum, what is the relationship between war and the state?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of the state in terms of setting rules and maintaining order?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an example of a popular sector that may receive tangible benefits from ruling elites in exchange for political support or acquiescence?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a factor that influences institutional development in a state?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary reason why developmental states pursue interventionist policies?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a condition that contributes to the formation of strong states?
Signup and view all the answers
What do elites face when they are vulnerable?
Signup and view all the answers
Why did Lee and Singapore court MNCs?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the result of Singapore's unconventional approach?
Signup and view all the answers
Who formulated an industrialization program for Singapore?
Signup and view all the answers
What were the two preconditions for Singapore's success, according to Winsemius?
Signup and view all the answers
Why is Singapore's middle class reticent about democracy, according to Lam?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the content of the crash program recommended by Winsemius?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the significance of Raffles' statue, according to Winsemius?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary reason for the collective leadership feature in China's political system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the relationship between the Communist Party and the military in China?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of the National People's Congress in China's political system?
Signup and view all the answers
Why is the Politburo Standing Committee the most powerful decision-making body in China?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the significance of Deng Xiaoping's death in 1997?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary responsibility of each member of the Politburo Standing Committee?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the relationship between the Communist Party and the state government in China?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the significance of China's 1982 state constitution?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
States and their Power
- States are crucial to understanding societies, with strong states leading to territorialized and centralized societies.
- Four main elements of the state:
- Differentiated set of institutions and personnel embodying centrality
- Monopoly of authoritative binding rule-making
- Monopoly of the means of physical violence
- Territorially demarcated area
- Two senses of state power:
- Despotic power: range of actions undertaken by the state elite without negotiation with civil society
- Infrastructural power: capacity of the state to penetrate and centrally coordinate civil society activities
Origins of Autonomous State Power
- Necessity of the state: societies require rules, especially for life and property protection
- Multiplicity of state functions: internal order, military defense, communications infrastructure, economic redistribution
- Territorial centrality of the state: institutional, territorial, and centralized nature
- State power mobilization: necessary for social development and unique to the state
Democracy and Development
- Lipset's observation: democracy is related to economic development
- Two reasons for the relationship:
- Endogenous: democracies emerge as countries develop economically
- Exogenous: democracies are established independently of economic development but survive in developed countries
Developmental States
- Organizational complexes: expert and coherent bureaucratic agencies collaborate with private sectors to spur national economic transformation
- Pursued interventionist policies: combined export promotion with industrial deepening
- Political origins: systemic vulnerability, coalitional commitments, scarce resource endowments, and severe security threats
Singapore's Development
- Rejected conventional wisdom and courted multinational corporations (MNCs) for technology and expertise
- Winsemius team recommended industrialization program: crash program to reduce unemployment and attract foreign investment
- Preconditions for success: rid of Communists and maintain ties with the West
China's Political System
- Collective leadership: seven-member Politburo Standing Committee, each with a rank and primary responsibility for a portfolio
- Designed to guard against excesses of a single leader and emergence of a figure like Mikhail Gorbachev
- People's Liberation Army (PLA): armed wing of the Communist Party, with the Party exercising absolute leadership over the military
- National People's Congress (NPC): unicameral legislature, but weakened by the Communist Party's insistence on serving as a rubber stamp for Party decisions
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Learn about the importance of states in shaping societies, the four main elements of a state, and the two senses of state power. Explore the role of institutions, rule-making, and territory in state formation.