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Questions and Answers
A roundworm that can infect the digestive tract and bloodstream, and is shed in feces
A roundworm that can infect the digestive tract and bloodstream, and is shed in feces
A viral genome that lies dormant in the host cell
A viral genome that lies dormant in the host cell
An animal that transmits infectious microbes
An animal that transmits infectious microbes
A protein that can cause a fatal brain disease in humans and animals
A protein that can cause a fatal brain disease in humans and animals
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True or False: A systemic mycosis describes a fungal infection of the hair, skin or finger nails.
True or False: A systemic mycosis describes a fungal infection of the hair, skin or finger nails.
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Which of the following statements correctly describes a function of the complement system? (Note: this is a multiple select question. You must choose all of the correct answers.)
Which of the following statements correctly describes a function of the complement system? (Note: this is a multiple select question. You must choose all of the correct answers.)
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Which of the following statements best describes the process of clonal expansion?
Which of the following statements best describes the process of clonal expansion?
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True or False: Invading microorganisms can produce pyrogens, which are molecules that induce fever, causing the body temperature to rise in response to infection.
True or False: Invading microorganisms can produce pyrogens, which are molecules that induce fever, causing the body temperature to rise in response to infection.
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True or False: Naked viruses usually enter into a host cell through fusion with the animal cell membrane.
True or False: Naked viruses usually enter into a host cell through fusion with the animal cell membrane.
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We have enzymes in our tears, saliva and mucous called ___________ that degrade a part of the bacterial cell wall, and thus help to protect us from infection.
We have enzymes in our tears, saliva and mucous called ___________ that degrade a part of the bacterial cell wall, and thus help to protect us from infection.
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When discussing the function of an antibody, the term “neutralization” means that:
When discussing the function of an antibody, the term “neutralization” means that:
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Which of the following is NOT true of viruses?
Which of the following is NOT true of viruses?
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The term ___________________ describes a molecule that can only activate a B cell that has been stimulated by a helper T cell.
The term ___________________ describes a molecule that can only activate a B cell that has been stimulated by a helper T cell.
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A gene defect prevents the patient from producing lymphocytes
A gene defect prevents the patient from producing lymphocytes
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A virus infects and kills helper T cells
A virus infects and kills helper T cells
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Cytotoxic T cells attack and destroy cells in the pancreas
Cytotoxic T cells attack and destroy cells in the pancreas
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Antibodies attack the Rh antigen on blood cells
Antibodies attack the Rh antigen on blood cells
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A vaccine made from only the capsule of a pathogenic bacterium, would best be described as a(n):
A vaccine made from only the capsule of a pathogenic bacterium, would best be described as a(n):
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Antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest problems faced by modern healthcare. Which of the following statements correctly describes a mechanism by which antibiotic resistance arises? (This is a multiple select question. Choose all of the correct answers.)
Antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest problems faced by modern healthcare. Which of the following statements correctly describes a mechanism by which antibiotic resistance arises? (This is a multiple select question. Choose all of the correct answers.)
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Molecules located at the tips of fimbriae that allow bacteria to attach to and colonize the surface of host cells are known as:
Molecules located at the tips of fimbriae that allow bacteria to attach to and colonize the surface of host cells are known as:
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A farmhouse well is contaminated with feces from cattle grazing near by. A family drinks the water from the well, and they all get sick, experiencing symptoms of fever and diarrhea. This type of transmission would best be described as:
A farmhouse well is contaminated with feces from cattle grazing near by. A family drinks the water from the well, and they all get sick, experiencing symptoms of fever and diarrhea. This type of transmission would best be described as:
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True or False: Vancomycin, a very narrow spectrum antibiotic that is active against penicillin resistant bacteria, would be a good choice for treating a COVID-19 infection.
True or False: Vancomycin, a very narrow spectrum antibiotic that is active against penicillin resistant bacteria, would be a good choice for treating a COVID-19 infection.
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Why is it relatively difficult to develop antiprotozoan medications?
Why is it relatively difficult to develop antiprotozoan medications?
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True or False: The ID50 is the number of cells of a microorganism that must be administered to cause death in 50% of experimentally infected lab animals.
True or False: The ID50 is the number of cells of a microorganism that must be administered to cause death in 50% of experimentally infected lab animals.
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A patient, who is believed to be at risk of contracting botulism from eating improperly canned food, is injected with horse serum antibodies to protect against the botulism toxin. Unfortunately, the patient's own immune system produces antibodies to the horse serum. The antibodies stick to the antigens in the horse serum, and then get trapped in the joints and kidneys leading to arthritis and kidney damage. This type of immune reaction would be classified as:
A patient, who is believed to be at risk of contracting botulism from eating improperly canned food, is injected with horse serum antibodies to protect against the botulism toxin. Unfortunately, the patient's own immune system produces antibodies to the horse serum. The antibodies stick to the antigens in the horse serum, and then get trapped in the joints and kidneys leading to arthritis and kidney damage. This type of immune reaction would be classified as:
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The president of the United States was recently diagnosed with COVID-19. In an attempt to help him recover, his doctors injected him with an experimental treatment called 'Regeneron'. According to the company, Regeneron consists of two specific laboratory produced antibodies that attach to and neutralize the coronavirus. No one really knows right now, how important this treatment was in the President's recovery. But if it worked, this type of immunity would best be described as:
The president of the United States was recently diagnosed with COVID-19. In an attempt to help him recover, his doctors injected him with an experimental treatment called 'Regeneron'. According to the company, Regeneron consists of two specific laboratory produced antibodies that attach to and neutralize the coronavirus. No one really knows right now, how important this treatment was in the President's recovery. But if it worked, this type of immunity would best be described as:
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