Understanding Research Paradigms in Nursing
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Questions and Answers

What are paradigms in research?

  • A narrative description of outcomes
  • A general perspective on the complexities of the real world (correct)
  • A specific method of data analysis
  • A way of structuring a study

Which research tradition is associated with theory testing and measurement?

  • Quantitative research (correct)
  • Qualitative research
  • Deductive approach
  • Naturalistic tradition

What is the key focus of qualitative research in nursing?

  • Standardized data collection
  • Statistical analysis
  • Numerical measurements
  • Theory development (correct)

Which methodological perspective in nursing research involves open-ended questions for data analysis?

<p>Qualitative Inductive (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between quantitative and qualitative research methods?

<p>Quantitative is theory-driven, while qualitative is data-driven. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of study design involves comparing the incidence of disease in an exposed group with that of an unexposed group?

<p>Case-control design (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of study design is conducted with a sample at one specific time point?

<p>Cross-sectional design (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of study design is useful for studying changes over time and establishing the sequencing of phenomena?

<p>Longitudinal design (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of study design researchers must decide the number of data points and time intervals between them?

<p>Longitudinal design (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which study design involves comparing gene expression and perceived stress in patients with irritable bowel syndrome?

<p>Case-control design (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of Mc Alpine's (2020) cross-sectional study mentioned in the text?

<p>Factors associated with micronutrient supplement use by pregnant women (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a score of 16 on an anxiety scale indicate compared to a score of 8?

<p>The person is twice as anxious (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technique is used to maximize the researcher's control over confounding variables?

<p>Randomization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of variable has only two categories, such as dead or alive?

<p>Binary variable (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the discrepancy between the actual value and the number used to represent it?

<p>Measurement error (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of data source involves direct observation of people's behaviors and characteristics?

<p>Observations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of qualitative research focuses on the lived experiences of humans?

<p>Phenomenological research (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In quantitative research, what type of variable has categories with a logical order, like pass, merit, or distinction?

<p>Ordinal variable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the sampling method that involves non-random selection to answer a research question?

<p>Purposive sampling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does bimodal refer to in the context provided?

<p>Multiple peaks in a distribution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique involves analyzing covariance to control for confounding variables?

<p>Statistical Control (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of variable represents equal intervals where the differences have meaning?

<p>Ratio variable (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ethnographic research primarily aim to understand?

<p>Cultural patterns and lifeways (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of a Non equivalent control group design?

<p>Involves multiple groups of participants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which design involves collecting data at multiple points before and after an intervention?

<p>Time-series design (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key feature of a Cohort study (Prospective)?

<p>Observing participants over a period of time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of study investigates predictive risk factors and health outcomes without intervention?

<p>Cohort study (Prospective) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which design is there no control of the independent variable?

<p>Descriptive correlational design (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature of a Time-series design?

<p>Collecting data at multiple points before and after intervention (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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