Podcast
Questions and Answers
A company decides to switch from a traditional waterfall development model to an agile methodology. What is the most significant change they should expect in how requirements are managed?
A company decides to switch from a traditional waterfall development model to an agile methodology. What is the most significant change they should expect in how requirements are managed?
- Requirements are elaborated iteratively and can evolve throughout the project. (correct)
- Requirements are documented only at the end of each sprint.
- Requirements are completely determined by the development team without stakeholder input.
- Requirements are defined in great detail upfront and remain fixed throughout the project.
In an agile project, a product owner needs to prioritize features for the next release. Which approach would best help them maximize value delivery while considering dependencies and risks?
In an agile project, a product owner needs to prioritize features for the next release. Which approach would best help them maximize value delivery while considering dependencies and risks?
- Prioritize features randomly to ensure unpredictability and innovation.
- Prioritize all features equally to avoid bias.
- Prioritize based solely on the estimated effort required for each feature.
- Use a weighting system considering value, effort, dependencies, and risk to calculate a priority score. (correct)
A development team is struggling to meet sprint goals consistently. Their velocity is highly variable. Which action is MOST likely to improve their predictability and performance?
A development team is struggling to meet sprint goals consistently. Their velocity is highly variable. Which action is MOST likely to improve their predictability and performance?
- Assign blame to individual team members who are not performing well.
- Add more features to each sprint to challenge the team.
- Increase the length of the sprints to allow more time to complete tasks.
- Focus on reducing technical debt and improving the team's skill set. (correct)
A Scrum Master observes that the daily scrum meetings have become status report sessions, with team members addressing the Scrum Master instead of each other. What is the BEST course of action for the Scrum Master?
A Scrum Master observes that the daily scrum meetings have become status report sessions, with team members addressing the Scrum Master instead of each other. What is the BEST course of action for the Scrum Master?
In a Kanban system, what does 'limiting work in progress' (WIP) primarily achieve?
In a Kanban system, what does 'limiting work in progress' (WIP) primarily achieve?
A project team is using Continuous Integration (CI). What is the MOST important practice they should implement to ensure code quality and prevent integration issues?
A project team is using Continuous Integration (CI). What is the MOST important practice they should implement to ensure code quality and prevent integration issues?
A project is using a hybrid agile approach, combining Scrum and some traditional project management practices. What is a key consideration when deciding which parts of the project to manage using agile methods?
A project is using a hybrid agile approach, combining Scrum and some traditional project management practices. What is a key consideration when deciding which parts of the project to manage using agile methods?
A team wants to adopt Test-Driven Development (TDD). What is the FIRST step they should take when developing a new feature?
A team wants to adopt Test-Driven Development (TDD). What is the FIRST step they should take when developing a new feature?
A product owner is having difficulty managing the product backlog effectively. Which practice would BEST help them keep the backlog organized and focused on delivering value?
A product owner is having difficulty managing the product backlog effectively. Which practice would BEST help them keep the backlog organized and focused on delivering value?
A team is using pair programming. What is the MOST significant benefit they should expect from this practice?
A team is using pair programming. What is the MOST significant benefit they should expect from this practice?
Flashcards
Hypothesis
Hypothesis
A prediction or educated guess about the relationship between variables.
Independent Variable
Independent Variable
The variable that is manipulated or changed in an experiment.
Dependent Variable
Dependent Variable
The variable that is measured or observed in an experiment.
Experiment
Experiment
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Critical Thinking
Critical Thinking
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Population
Population
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Sample
Sample
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Random Assignment
Random Assignment
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Validity
Validity
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Study Notes
- A primary benefit of understanding research methods is the ability to evaluate the quality of new information
- Research methods provide a basis for this evaluation
- The scientific method is a process for gathering knowledge
- It involves making observations, formulating hypotheses, and collecting data that allows one to evaluate the tenability of those hypotheses
- Science is empirical; that is, scientific knowledge is based on observations
- Skepticism is important in the scientific method
- Scientists should question what they read or hear
- Authority figures are not always correct
- Science is self-correcting
- Bad ideas will eventually be replaced
- Pseudoscience refers to claims and activities that appear to be scientific but are not
- Pseudoscience relies on anecdotal evidence
- Anecdotal evidence involves using specific examples to support a claim
- Anecdotes are not based on systematic observation
- Little effort is made to rule out alternative explanations for the observed outcome
- Pseudoscience avoids falsification, which is the act of disproving a theory or hypothesis
- Scientific ideas should be testable and capable of being proven wrong
- Basic research tries to understand psychological processes without regard for whether the knowledge is immediately applicable
- Applied research is concerned with finding solutions to practical problems
- Evaluation research uses behavioral research methods to assess the effects of social or institutional programs on behavior
- For example, evaluation research can assess whether a specific program has the intended effect
- Quantitative research relies primarily on numerical data and quantitative analysis to understand and interpret behavior
- Qualitative research relies on narrative data and qualitative analysis, such as content analysis, to understand and interpret behavior
- The most important characteristic of scientific research is the scientific method
- Research is question-oriented
- Research follows a specific procedure or set of procedures
- Psychological research is typically designed to address one of four general goals: describing, predicting, determining the causes of, and explaining behavior
- Descriptive research describes the characteristics or behaviors of a given population in a systematic and accurate fashion
- Predictive research examines associations between variables
- It allows us to predict one variable from another
- Understanding the causes of behavior requires specific conditions to be met
- Explanation goes beyond describing and predicting
- Explanation involves determining why something occurs
- A variable is any factor that can vary
- An independent variable is the presumed cause
- A dependent variable is the presumed effect
- Researchers manipulate the independent variable
- Researchers measure the dependent variable
- A hypothesis is a specific testable proposition about a phenomenon
- A theory is a general explanation about a phenomenon
- Theories are broader than hypotheses
- Theories are used to generate new hypotheses
- Theories organize and explain a variety of specific facts or descriptions of behavior
- Theories should be falsifiable through research
- Good theories are parsimonious
- Parsimonious means that they explain phenomena in a simple manner
- Theories are not facts
- Theories can be supported or refuted by research findings
- A literature review involves identifying and summarizing what has already been studied about a topic
- Searching previous literature is important to develop new research ideas
- The introduction section of a research article typically introduces the problem being studied
- The introduction outlines the hypotheses or goals of the study
- The method section describes how the study was conducted
- The results section presents the findings of the study
- The discussion section summarizes the study and interprets the results
- Researchers should act ethically in conducting research
- Researchers must treat research participants and other researchers with respect and in a responsible manner
- Risks in psychological research include physical harm, stress, and threats to privacy and confidentiality
- The Institutional Review Board (IRB) reviews research proposals to ensure that they adhere to ethical guidelines
- Informed consent is when people are asked to participate in research, they need to know what the research will involve
- Deception occurs when researchers intentionally withhold information from participants or actively mislead them
- Debriefing is when research participants receive information about the study after their participation is complete
- Confidentiality involves protecting the privacy of research participants
- Anonymity is when the researcher does not collect any information that could identify the participants
- Researchers have ethical obligations to the scientific community
- Plagiarism is when someone presents another person’s work, words, or ideas as his or her own
- Researchers should accurately report their findings
- Researchers should share their data with other researchers
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