Podcast
Questions and Answers
What characteristic of research emphasizes that all observations and experiments should be based on actual evidence?
What characteristic of research emphasizes that all observations and experiments should be based on actual evidence?
- Analytical
- Objective
- Controlled
- Empirical (correct)
Which of the following steps in the research process involves identifying what the research aims to solve?
Which of the following steps in the research process involves identifying what the research aims to solve?
- Collecting Data
- Review of Related Literature
- Defining Research Problem (correct)
- Analyzing Data
In research, what does the term 'hypothesis' refer to?
In research, what does the term 'hypothesis' refer to?
- A collection of related literature
- A definitive conclusion based on data
- A proposed explanation or answer to a question (correct)
- An experimental variable
What is the guiding principle behind the ethical norms in conducting research?
What is the guiding principle behind the ethical norms in conducting research?
Which characteristic of research indicates that the findings should be free of bias?
Which characteristic of research indicates that the findings should be free of bias?
In the research process, what does the step 'Research Design' involve?
In the research process, what does the step 'Research Design' involve?
Why is it important for research to be systematic?
Why is it important for research to be systematic?
Which aspect of ethics in research highlights the responsibility researchers have towards the public?
Which aspect of ethics in research highlights the responsibility researchers have towards the public?
What does the prefix 're' in the word research imply?
What does the prefix 're' in the word research imply?
Which of the following statements accurately describes research?
Which of the following statements accurately describes research?
What is a primary goal of research as described in the content?
What is a primary goal of research as described in the content?
Which process is mentioned as a systematic approach used in research?
Which process is mentioned as a systematic approach used in research?
According to the content, what does research specifically help society to answer?
According to the content, what does research specifically help society to answer?
How is research different from other forms of knowledge acquisition?
How is research different from other forms of knowledge acquisition?
What aspect of critical skills does research contribute to in daily life?
What aspect of critical skills does research contribute to in daily life?
According to the National Academy of Sciences, what is research defined as?
According to the National Academy of Sciences, what is research defined as?
What separates true experiments from quasi-experiments?
What separates true experiments from quasi-experiments?
What is a primary focus of experimental research?
What is a primary focus of experimental research?
Which statistical method is commonly utilized in experimental research?
Which statistical method is commonly utilized in experimental research?
Historical research primarily aims to achieve which of the following?
Historical research primarily aims to achieve which of the following?
What is the purpose of market research?
What is the purpose of market research?
In which research method are causal inferences most likely to be drawn?
In which research method are causal inferences most likely to be drawn?
What type of research includes studies that cannot randomly assign individuals to groups?
What type of research includes studies that cannot randomly assign individuals to groups?
Which of the following is NOT an example of experimental research?
Which of the following is NOT an example of experimental research?
What type of research involves analyzing one variable at a time?
What type of research involves analyzing one variable at a time?
Which of the following statements is true regarding correlational research?
Which of the following statements is true regarding correlational research?
Which example best illustrates descriptive research?
Which example best illustrates descriptive research?
What term describes the relationship identified in correlational research?
What term describes the relationship identified in correlational research?
In the context of correlational research, which variable is considered the outcome?
In the context of correlational research, which variable is considered the outcome?
What is a key limitation of correlational research?
What is a key limitation of correlational research?
Which of the following methods actively manipulates variables to measure effects?
Which of the following methods actively manipulates variables to measure effects?
Which type of analysis provides information about the strength of a relationship in correlational research?
Which type of analysis provides information about the strength of a relationship in correlational research?
What is the initial step a researcher takes in qualitative research?
What is the initial step a researcher takes in qualitative research?
Which of the following is considered a strength of qualitative research?
Which of the following is considered a strength of qualitative research?
Why is qualitative research considered cost efficient?
Why is qualitative research considered cost efficient?
What kind of perspective does qualitative research utilize?
What kind of perspective does qualitative research utilize?
What is a limitation of qualitative research related to sample size?
What is a limitation of qualitative research related to sample size?
Which instruments are commonly used in qualitative research?
Which instruments are commonly used in qualitative research?
How does qualitative research complement quantitative data?
How does qualitative research complement quantitative data?
What approach does qualitative research take in examining phenomena?
What approach does qualitative research take in examining phenomena?
Study Notes
What is research?
- "Re" means again, and "search" means to look for
- Research is looking for something again to find something unknown
- Research is seeking a new explanation about something that is known
- Research is a systematic process
- Research is a systematic study to solve problems
- Research helps to improve the quality of life
Importance of research in daily life
- Research fosters critical thinking skills
- Research improves analytical skills
- Research encourages hands-on learning
Characteristics of research
- Research is Empirical: based on observations and experiments of theories
- Research is Systematic: follows orderly and sequential procedures
- Research is Controlled: all variables are kept constant except tested ones.
- Research employs hypothesis: seeks answers to questions and solutions to problems
- Research is analytical: uses gathering techniques, e.g. historical, descriptive, or case study
- Research is objective: unbiased and logically based on real-life situations
- Research is original: requires original data to complete a study
Research Process
- Define research problem: What is the problem being researched?
- Review of related literature: What evidence is already presented?
- Formulating hypothesis: How will the researchers find the answer to the questions?
- Research design: Where and with whom will the study take place?
- Collecting data: How will the data be gathered?
- Analyzing data: How does the data answer the research questions?
- Interpret and report: What are the implications of the results?
Ethical Norms in Research (Resnik, 2007)
- Ethics promote the pursuit of knowledge, truth, and credibility
- Ethical norms encourage collaboration
- Ethical norms help researchers to be accountable
- Ethical norms hold researchers accountable to the public
- Ethically conducted research benefits the public
- An ethical norm in research is public awareness
Descriptive Research
- Research considers data with one variable at a time (univariate analysis).
- Descriptive research describes what appears to be happening and identifies important variables
Correlational Research
- Research investigates the relations between two or more variables
- Data is gathered from multiple variables and analyzed using correlational statistical techniques
- Correlational research is more complicated than descriptive research
- Focuses on the nature of the relationship between variables
- Develops theoretical models to explain correlations
- Correlation does not imply causation
- Bi-variate correlations provide the strength of the relationship
The Experimental Method
- Manipulates independent variables to observe the impact on dependent variables (e.g., treatment groups)
- Uses the statistical method of analysis of variance
- Includes true experiments with random assignment, and quasi-experiments with non-random assignment
- Investigates the extent to which an intervention causes an outcome
- Most likely to draw strong causal inferences
Historical Research
- Researchers report on events and conditions of the past
- Establishes facts to arrive at conclusions or predict future events
Market Research
- Organizes efforts to gather information about target markets or customers
- Provides information about customer satisfaction, market needs, market size, and competition
Qualitative Research
- Qualitative research follows an inductive procedure, where researchers immerse themselves in the phenomenon and gather data
- It utilizes an inductive procedure to confirm findings
- Qualitative research views the phenomenon holistically
- Qualitative research is not linear, but analyzes connections between variables
- Qualitative research commonly uses observation and interview instruments
- Qualitative research complements quantitative data, enriching findings
Strengths of Qualitative Research
- Provides detailed information to explain complex issues
- Cost-efficient
Weaknesses of Qualitative Research
- Findings cannot be generalized to the study population
- Requires a small number of participants, which may limit findings
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Description
This quiz explores the essential concepts of research, including its definitions, characteristics, and importance in daily life. You'll learn how research fosters critical thinking, improves analytical skills, and the systematic processes involved in conducting research. Get ready to enhance your understanding of how research impacts our lives!
