Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which type of support involves the author's personal feelings or generalizations?
Which type of support involves the author's personal feelings or generalizations?
- Facts
- Comparisons
- Opinions (correct)
- Examples
What is the primary purpose of presenting opposing viewpoints in a position paper?
What is the primary purpose of presenting opposing viewpoints in a position paper?
- To agree with all perspectives presented
- To introduce new ideas unrelated to the topic
- To highlight only the writer's opinions
- To refute or discredit counterarguments (correct)
What is the first step in writing a position paper?
What is the first step in writing a position paper?
- Present the opposing viewpoints
- Organize the presentation
- Choose an issue for a topic (correct)
- Collect information on the issue
Which type of appeal utilizes emotions to persuade the audience?
Which type of appeal utilizes emotions to persuade the audience?
What is classified as information from scholarly studies or personal observations?
What is classified as information from scholarly studies or personal observations?
Which argument type involves establishing relationships between three terms?
Which argument type involves establishing relationships between three terms?
What is a key component of gathering information on both sides of an issue?
What is a key component of gathering information on both sides of an issue?
What type of argument is focused on using factual evidence to target the audience's logical thinking?
What type of argument is focused on using factual evidence to target the audience's logical thinking?
What is the primary goal of a position paper?
What is the primary goal of a position paper?
Which of the following is NOT a component of a position paper according to the provided content?
Which of the following is NOT a component of a position paper according to the provided content?
Which element is described as a statement that expresses your stand on an issue?
Which element is described as a statement that expresses your stand on an issue?
How does a position paper generally gain credibility?
How does a position paper generally gain credibility?
In what context can a position paper be utilized?
In what context can a position paper be utilized?
What term is used to refer to the arguments that support the thesis in a position paper?
What term is used to refer to the arguments that support the thesis in a position paper?
Which component helps the reader become aware of societal problems according to the nature of a position paper?
Which component helps the reader become aware of societal problems according to the nature of a position paper?
What does the term 'issue' refer to in the context of a position paper?
What does the term 'issue' refer to in the context of a position paper?
What is the primary concern when assessing the soundness of an argument from comparison?
What is the primary concern when assessing the soundness of an argument from comparison?
In an argument from incompatibility, what crucial factor must be considered?
In an argument from incompatibility, what crucial factor must be considered?
Which statement best describes an argument from generalization?
Which statement best describes an argument from generalization?
What factor undermines the validity of an argument from examples?
What factor undermines the validity of an argument from examples?
When constructing an argument from reciprocity, what is essential to confirm?
When constructing an argument from reciprocity, what is essential to confirm?
Which of the following is NOT a consideration when determining the soundness of an argument from incompatibility?
Which of the following is NOT a consideration when determining the soundness of an argument from incompatibility?
What should be checked to validate an argument from generalization?
What should be checked to validate an argument from generalization?
How should the soundness of an argument from comparison be evaluated?
How should the soundness of an argument from comparison be evaluated?
What is the primary characteristic of an argument from examples?
What is the primary characteristic of an argument from examples?
Which question should be asked to test an argument from examples?
Which question should be asked to test an argument from examples?
In an argument from cause, what defines a strong cause?
In an argument from cause, what defines a strong cause?
When testing an argument from sign, which aspect is crucial?
When testing an argument from sign, which aspect is crucial?
What is the essence of a bandwagon appeal?
What is the essence of a bandwagon appeal?
Which emotional appeal involves portraying a person as similar to ordinary people?
Which emotional appeal involves portraying a person as similar to ordinary people?
What is a common flaw in an argument that relies on false authority?
What is a common flaw in an argument that relies on false authority?
Which of the following fallacies involves attacking an opponent's character?
Which of the following fallacies involves attacking an opponent's character?
What is the primary effect of using ad hominem in arguments?
What is the primary effect of using ad hominem in arguments?
What should emotional appeals be used in conjunction with?
What should emotional appeals be used in conjunction with?
What quality should a good thesis statement possess?
What quality should a good thesis statement possess?
When presenting an opposing viewpoint, which of the following is essential?
When presenting an opposing viewpoint, which of the following is essential?
Which negative consequence should be highlighted when arguing against corporal punishment?
Which negative consequence should be highlighted when arguing against corporal punishment?
What should be avoided in a balanced argument regarding emotional appeals?
What should be avoided in a balanced argument regarding emotional appeals?
What is a key component of the introduction of an argumentative paper?
What is a key component of the introduction of an argumentative paper?
Which strategy helps in effectively presenting the opposing viewpoint?
Which strategy helps in effectively presenting the opposing viewpoint?
Flashcards
Position Paper
Position Paper
An essay presenting a person's or group's stance on an issue, aiming to convince the reader.
Issue (in a Position Paper)
Issue (in a Position Paper)
A debatable topic or question; a controversy where people hold different viewpoints.
Thesis (in a Position Paper)
Thesis (in a Position Paper)
The writer's position or stand on the issue; a statement expressing this position.
Reasons (in a Position Paper)
Reasons (in a Position Paper)
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Counter-evidence
Counter-evidence
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Rational Support (in Pos. Paper)
Rational Support (in Pos. Paper)
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Emotional Appeals
Emotional Appeals
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Support (in a Position Paper)
Support (in a Position Paper)
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Facts (support type)
Facts (support type)
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Comparisons (support type)
Comparisons (support type)
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Examples (support type)
Examples (support type)
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Opinions (support type)
Opinions (support type)
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Counterarguments
Counterarguments
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Logical Appeals
Logical Appeals
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Emotional Appeals
Emotional Appeals
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Argument from Transitivity
Argument from Transitivity
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Categorical Syllogism
Categorical Syllogism
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Argument from Incompatibility
Argument from Incompatibility
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Argument from Reciprocity
Argument from Reciprocity
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Argument from Comparison
Argument from Comparison
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Argument from Generalization
Argument from Generalization
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Argument from Examples
Argument from Examples
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Argument from Examples
Argument from Examples
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Sufficient Cause
Sufficient Cause
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Necessary Cause
Necessary Cause
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Argument from Cause
Argument from Cause
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Argument from Sign
Argument from Sign
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Bandwagon Appeal
Bandwagon Appeal
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Appeal to Common Folk
Appeal to Common Folk
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False Authority
False Authority
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Name Calling
Name Calling
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Association
Association
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Emotional Appeals
Emotional Appeals
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Argument to Pity
Argument to Pity
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Position Paper Introduction
Position Paper Introduction
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Thesis Statement
Thesis Statement
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Counter-viewpoint (in a Position Paper)
Counter-viewpoint (in a Position Paper)
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Errors in Reasoning (in a Position Paper)
Errors in Reasoning (in a Position Paper)
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Negative Consequences (Position Paper)
Negative Consequences (Position Paper)
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Study Notes
Position Paper Nature
- A position paper, also known as an argumentative paper or manifesto, presents a person's or group's stance on an issue.
- The goal is to convince the reader of the writer's position through rational support (evidence), counter-arguments, and emotional appeals.
Position Paper Uses
- Position papers are used in schools, internal relations, and politics.
- They are used by cause-oriented groups, governments, and internet research.
- A position paper helps show a group's or person's sentiments on an issue.
- It educates others about social problems and motivates involvement in solutions.
Position Paper Parts
- Issue: An idea or question over which people have differing views. This is a controversial issue. Some issues are not debatable.
- Thesis: A claim/statement that expresses one's position on the issue.
- Reasons/arguments: These are the writer's justifications for their position.
- Support: Evidence that backs up the reasons. This can include facts from research, comparisons, examples, and opinions.
- Opposing viewpoints/counterarguments: Arguments against the writer's position. These should be addressed to strengthen the position paper.
Writing a Position Paper - Steps
- Step 1: Choosing an Issue: Identify an issue you feel strongly about—community problems, cause-oriented groups, news, or events.
- Step 2: Collecting Information: Gather information from both sides of the issue. This includes understanding the different views and supported evidence. Answer the who, what, when, where, and why questions of the issue.
- Step 3: Organizing the Content (Introduction): Introduce the issue's background (who, what, when, where, why). Compose a clear and accurate introduction.
- Step 3: Organizing the Content (Introduction): State your claim/thesis clearly and directly.
- Step 3: Organizing the Content (Body): Present the opposing viewpoint accurately and fairly. Identify weaknesses, negative consequences, and lack of evidence to further one's position.
- Step 3: Organizing the Content (Body): Present your own arguments and support with strong evidence using both logical (facts) and emotional appeals (values, feelings). Cite all sources correctly.
- Alternative Body Structure: Present your perspective, summarize the opposing view, point out its weaknesses, and restate your perspective.
Logical Appeals (Using Evidence):
- Argument from Transitivity: A is B, B is C, therefore A is C. Check for three terms, consistent middle terms, and correct premises.
- Argument from Incompatibility: Presents two opposing choices. Examine if the proposed choices are truly incompatible.
- Argument from Reciprocity: Individuals or situations in the same category should be treated the same. Examine if they fit that category.
- Argument from Comparison: Two situations are similar and will have similar outcomes. Identify similarities and justify the conclusion.
- Argument from Generalization: A conclusion about a population based on one member. Verify if the member is representative.
- Argument from Examples: Make conclusions about a whole population using a sample. Ensure sufficient examples and identify counter-examples.
- Argument from Cause: A causes B. Determine if the relationship and cause is sufficient/necessary to give the effect.
- Argument from Sign: A sign indicates B (e.g., high temperature means fever). Examine consistency and other opposing indicators.
Emotional Appeals (Using Emotional Triggers)
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Bandwagon Appeal: The majority's opinion should sway others to your side.
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Appeal to Common Folk: The writer is plain and relatable, to convince others.
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False Authority: Using someone without expertise as an expert.
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Name-Calling/Ad Hominem: Attacking the person instead of their argument.
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Association: Linking an idea to a positive or negative idea to gain influence.
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Use emotional appeals alongside logical appeals to convey well-balanced perspectives, otherwise papers may be considered biased or illogical. Emphasize ethical considerations when appealing to emotions.
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Description
This quiz provides insights into the structure and purpose of position papers. Explore the different components such as the issue, thesis, arguments, and support. Perfect for students and anyone interested in persuasive writing.
