Understanding Newton's Third Law of Motion

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What is the primary difference between mass and weight?

Mass is the force of gravity, while weight is the amount of matter in an object

Mass is the acceleration of gravity, while weight is the force that resists motion

Mass is the force that increases the velocity of falling objects, while weight is the acceleration of gravity

Mass is the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the force of gravity acting on the object (correct)

What is the acceleration of gravity on Earth?

11.0 m/sec2

9.5 m/sec2

9.8 m/sec2 (correct)

10.0 m/sec2

What is the relationship between the mass of objects and the amount of gravity between them?

The amount of gravity is unrelated to the mass of the objects

The amount of gravity is directly proportional to the mass of the objects (correct)

The amount of gravity is inversely proportional to the mass of the objects

The amount of gravity is proportional to the square of the mass of the objects

What is the force that increases the velocity of falling objects?

Gravity Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate the weight of an object?

W = mg Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the normal force?

Perpendicular to the surface and opposite to the direction of gravity Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the masses of two objects and their acceleration due to gravity?

All objects accelerate at the same rate regardless of mass Signup and view all the answers

What is the force that resists the relative motion of two materials against each other?

Friction Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept of Newton's third law of motion?

For every action force, there is an equal and opposite reaction force Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between action and reaction forces?

Action forces are equal to reaction forces Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines the amount of friction between two surfaces?

Type of materials involved Signup and view all the answers

What type of friction occurs when objects are moving?

Kinetic friction Signup and view all the answers

What is the force exerted on an object by a surface, always directed perpendicular to the surface?

Normal force Signup and view all the answers

What determines whether an object floats or sinks in a fluid?

Density of the object Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept that relates the momentum of an object to its mass and velocity?

p = mv Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the application of a force to an object over a period of time?

Change in momentum Signup and view all the answers

What is the law that states that the total momentum of a system before and after a collision is the same?

Conservation of momentum Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability of an object to float in a fluid?

Buoyancy Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental principle of conservation of momentum?

Momentum is neither created nor destroyed; it only moves from one place to another. Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of work?

Joules (J) Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition for work to be positive?

The force and displacement are in the same direction. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of drawing a free body diagram?

To know the direction of each vector and assess the angle between the vectors. Signup and view all the answers

How is work done by a non-linear force typically calculated?

By using calculus and integrating the function. Signup and view all the answers

What is energy defined as in physics?

The ability to do work or cause change. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main types of energy?

Kinetic and potential energy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the law of conservation of energy?

Energy is neither created nor destroyed; it is transformed from one form to another. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of kinetic energy?

A ball falling mid-air. Signup and view all the answers

What is potential energy?

Energy stored as elasticity, charge, chemical bonds, or position. Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental concept of Newton's third law?

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the interaction between two objects?

Both objects experience two forces that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the size of the objects and the forces they experience?

The forces are always equal and opposite, regardless of the size of the objects. Signup and view all the answers

What is the applicability of Newton's third law?

Both on Earth and in space. Signup and view all the answers

Why does the shopping cart move when you push it?

Because the force applied to the cart is greater than the force it exerts back. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between force and mass according to Newton's 2nd Law?

F = ma Signup and view all the answers

What is the necessary condition for work to be done on an object?

A force must act on the object over a given distance Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the work done on an object and its change in kinetic energy?

The work done is equal to the change in kinetic energy Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the kinetic energy of an object when it is slowed or stopped?

It decreases Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental concept of science that explains the transformation of energy from one form to another?

The Law of Conservation of Energy Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the interaction between an object and a surface when the object is pushed?

Work is done on the object Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the work-energy theorem?

To relate the work done on an object to its change in kinetic energy Signup and view all the answers

What is the applicability of the Law of Conservation of Energy?

In several branches of physics and engineering Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of the Law of Conservation of Energy?

Energy is transformed from one form to another Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the work done on an object and its change in energy?

The work done is equal to the change in energy Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental principle of the First Law of Thermodynamics?

Energy can be changed from one form to another Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between the First Law and the Second Law of Thermodynamics?

The First Law deals with energy conversion, while the Second Law deals with entropy Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a pulley system?

To change the direction of the force and/or increase the magnitude of the force being applied Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a system in thermodynamics?

It is isolated from external forces Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the energy in a system when outside forces such as friction act on it?

The energy is transferred to another object within the larger system Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between kinetic energy and potential energy in a system?

The sum of kinetic and potential energy is always constant Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of the Law of Conservation of Energy?

In the analysis of all forms of energy Signup and view all the answers