29 Questions
What term is used to refer to a new abnormal growth that does not respond to normal growth-control mechanisms?
Neoplasm
Which stage of cancer indicates the tumor has extended beyond the original site or has spread systemically?
Stage IV
How do normal cells behave when they are crowded or touched by other cells?
They stop growing when they touch or become crowded.
Which treatment method is used to deliver radiation to the tumor by placing radioactive sources inside the body near the tumor?
Brachytherapy
Why do neoplastic cells continue to grow despite being crowded?
They do not receive communication to stop growth when crowded.
What is the size comparison of a tumor mass at detection compared to its original aberrant cell?
30 times larger
Which type of cancer does the TNM system not apply to?
Leukemia
Which side effect is most frequently encountered with radiation therapy?
Radiation sickness
Which type of tumor may not be completely harmless even if it is benign?
Primary
What may alter normal cell growth in adults leading to neoplastic growth?
Chronic exposure to chemical irritants
Which stage of cancer means there is some local spread, but the chance for complete surgical removal is good?
Stage II
Which treatment method uses a large dose of radiation that is delivered to a precise location within the body?
Stereotactic radiosurgery
What is a chemotherapeutic agent?
A drug capable of destroying malignant cells
How should chemotherapeutic agents typically be prepared?
Under a specialized hood in the pharmacy
What is a common side effect of chemotherapeutic agents?
Acute skin reactions and mucous membrane irritations
How can nausea and vomiting be prevented during chemotherapy?
Administering an antiemetic before and during chemotherapy
Why should healthcare workers wear gloves when administering chemotherapeutic agents?
To prevent skin exposure and drug absorption
What can help preserve skin integrity when experiencing skin reactions from chemotherapeutic agents?
Maintaining good skin hygiene and using mild soaps or moisturizers
Which medication should be avoided while a child is receiving chemotherapy?
NSAID
What should parents be cautioned about while their child is receiving chemotherapy?
Administering NSAIDs
Which treatment option may be necessary if a child is vomiting or unable to take clear fluids during chemotherapy?
IV hydration therapy
Which medication could interfere with the effectiveness of methotrexate?
A vitamin containing folic acid
What procedure is used to help maintain self-esteem during chemotherapy-induced body changes?
Frank discussion of symptoms and feelings
Which treatment involves transplanting stem cells from a well person's bone marrow to a child with cancer?
Stem cell transplantation
Which type of stem cell transplant involves the use of a child's own cord blood that was preserved since birth?
Autologous transplant
What is the primary risk for a child undergoing stem cell transplantation during the first 3 weeks after the transplant?
Increased risk of infection
Which type of stem cell transplant involves donation from a twin?
Syngeneic transplant
How long does it take for new stem cells to begin functioning after being transfused into a child?
Within 3 weeks
Which type of stem cell transplant involves the use of stem cells donated by someone who is histocompatible with the child?
Allogeneic transplant
Learn about the concept of neoplasia and how cancerous tissue differs from normal tissue. Explore the mechanisms of cell growth and how normal cells maintain balance in their growth.
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