Understanding Necrosis: Cell Death and Tissue Degradation
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a common cytoplasmic change in necrosis?

  • Increased eosinophilia of the cytoplasm
  • Increased basophilia of the cytoplasm (correct)
  • Formation of myelin figures
  • Swelling and vacuolation of the cytoplasm
  • Which essential change characterizes irreversible cell injury in necrosis?

  • Loss of glycogen in the cytoplasm (correct)
  • Increased eosinophilia of the cytoplasm
  • Formation of myelin figures
  • Swelling and vacuolation of the nucleus
  • What is the term for the nuclear shrinkage and increased basophilia in necrosis?

  • Autolysis
  • Karyolysis
  • Pyknosis (correct)
  • Karyorrhexis
  • What is the term for the nuclear fragmentation in necrosis?

    <p>Karyorrhexis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme activity results in the loss or fading of basophilia in the nucleus during necrosis?

    <p>DNase activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process takes place in dead organisms instead of necrosis?

    <p>Autolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cause of hypoxia?

    <p>Hyperoxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of failure of the cell membrane Na-K pump due to decreased ATP following hypoxia?

    <p>Increased intracellular Na and water, causing cellular swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme release into the blood indicates irreversible injury to heart muscle following myocardial infarction?

    <p>Creatine phosphokinase (CPK)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a free radical?

    <p>Nitric oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Direct cell membrane damage can occur due to extremes of temperature, toxins, or viruses. Which of the following represents indirect cell membrane damage?

    <p>Hypoxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a consequence of increased intracellular calcium level?

    <p>Decreased enzyme activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of carbon monoxide poisoning?

    <p>Decreased oxygen capacity of red blood cells by chemical alteration of hemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of free radicals formed by normal metabolism, oxygen toxicity, ionizing radiation, and reperfusion injury?

    <p>Cellular damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the microscopic appearance associated with late (irreversible) stages of hypoxic cell injury?

    <p>Swollen cytoplasm and rupture of mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of decreased blood flow to or from an organ resulting in ischemia?

    <p>Obstruction of arterial blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

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