Understanding Necrosis: Cell Death and Tissue Degradation

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Which of the following is NOT a common cytoplasmic change in necrosis?

Increased eosinophilia of the cytoplasm

Increased basophilia of the cytoplasm (correct)

Formation of myelin figures

Swelling and vacuolation of the cytoplasm

Which essential change characterizes irreversible cell injury in necrosis?

Loss of glycogen in the cytoplasm (correct)

Increased eosinophilia of the cytoplasm

Formation of myelin figures

Swelling and vacuolation of the nucleus

What is the term for the nuclear shrinkage and increased basophilia in necrosis?

Autolysis

Karyolysis

Pyknosis (correct)

Karyorrhexis

What is the term for the nuclear fragmentation in necrosis?

Karyorrhexis Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme activity results in the loss or fading of basophilia in the nucleus during necrosis?

DNase activity Signup and view all the answers

What process takes place in dead organisms instead of necrosis?

Autolysis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cause of hypoxia?

Hyperoxia Signup and view all the answers

What is the main consequence of failure of the cell membrane Na-K pump due to decreased ATP following hypoxia?

Increased intracellular Na and water, causing cellular swelling Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme release into the blood indicates irreversible injury to heart muscle following myocardial infarction?

Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a free radical?

Nitric oxide Signup and view all the answers

Direct cell membrane damage can occur due to extremes of temperature, toxins, or viruses. Which of the following represents indirect cell membrane damage?

Hypoxia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of increased intracellular calcium level?

Decreased enzyme activation Signup and view all the answers

What is the main consequence of carbon monoxide poisoning?

Decreased oxygen capacity of red blood cells by chemical alteration of hemoglobin Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of free radicals formed by normal metabolism, oxygen toxicity, ionizing radiation, and reperfusion injury?

Cellular damage Signup and view all the answers

What is the microscopic appearance associated with late (irreversible) stages of hypoxic cell injury?

Swollen cytoplasm and rupture of mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of decreased blood flow to or from an organ resulting in ischemia?

Obstruction of arterial blood flow Signup and view all the answers

Understanding Necrosis: Cell Death and Tissue Degradation

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