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Questions and Answers
What is the main difference between multiprogramming and true simultaneous execution of different programs?
What is the main difference between multiprogramming and true simultaneous execution of different programs?
How did single processor computers operate before the introduction of multiprogramming?
How did single processor computers operate before the introduction of multiprogramming?
What issue did multiprogramming aim to address in single processor computers?
What issue did multiprogramming aim to address in single processor computers?
How does the operating system handle CPU resources in a multiprogramming environment?
How does the operating system handle CPU resources in a multiprogramming environment?
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How does multiprogramming create the illusion of parallel execution to the user?
How does multiprogramming create the illusion of parallel execution to the user?
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What was a significant limitation of single processor computers before multiprogramming was introduced?
What was a significant limitation of single processor computers before multiprogramming was introduced?
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What is the purpose of context switching in an operating system?
What is the purpose of context switching in an operating system?
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In cooperative multiprogramming, when is context switching initiated?
In cooperative multiprogramming, when is context switching initiated?
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What problem can occur in cooperative multiprogramming if a program does not release CPU resources?
What problem can occur in cooperative multiprogramming if a program does not release CPU resources?
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How does preemptive multiprogramming differ from cooperative multiprogramming?
How does preemptive multiprogramming differ from cooperative multiprogramming?
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What is the role of the operating system in managing CPU resources during I/O operations?
What is the role of the operating system in managing CPU resources during I/O operations?
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Why is cooperative multiprogramming seldom used today?
Why is cooperative multiprogramming seldom used today?
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Study Notes
Multiprogramming
- A rudimentary form of parallel processing in which several programs run at the same time on a uniprocessor system.
- Only one processor is present, but the operating system (OS) executes part of one program, then part of another, creating an illusion of simultaneous execution.
Advantages of Multiprogramming
- Addresses the issue of underutilized processor resources and application delays caused by single-program execution.
- Allows multiple programs to load into memory and run each one in rotation as CPU resources become available.
How Multiprogramming Works
- The OS assigns CPU resources to a program until it launches into I/O operations.
- Then, the OS assigns CPU resources to another program already loaded into memory.
- Context switching is used to preserve a program's state in memory and enable quick access when switching between programs and CPU assignments.
Types of Multiprogramming
- Cooperative multiprogramming: initiated by programs themselves, where they release control of resources to the OS.
- Rarely used today due to the risk of programs monopolizing CPU resources.
- Preemptive multiprogramming: the OS initiates context switching, ensuring efficient allocation of CPU resources.
Goals of Multiprogramming
- Maximize CPU time by efficient allocation of resources and minimizing idleness.
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Description
Learn about the concept of multiprogramming in operating systems, where multiple programs run on a uniprocessor system by sharing the processor's time. Discover how the operating system handles the execution of programs in a pseudo-parallel manner.
