11 Questions
What is primarily affected in Multiple Sclerosis?
Central nervous system
Which term is used to describe the spread of lesions in Multiple Sclerosis?
Dissemination
What are the common signs that might be found in Multiple Sclerosis?
All of the above
Which condition is not primarily associated with demyelination?
Diabetes
'Axonal' involvement is commonly associated with which neurological condition?
Guillain-Barre syndrome
What is the common symptom associated with the spinal cord in multiple sclerosis?
Weakness
Which investigation is used to demonstrate dissemination in time in multiple sclerosis?
Lumbar puncture
What is the main focus of disease modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis?
Modifying the course of the disease
Which symptom is commonly treated with muscle relaxants in multiple sclerosis?
Spasticity
What is the typical acute treatment for relapse in multiple sclerosis?
Steroids
What does a positive oligoclonal bands test indicate in multiple sclerosis?
Synthesis of IgG in CNS but not in peripheral blood.
Study Notes
Multiple Sclerosis Overview
- In Multiple Sclerosis (MS), the primary affected area is the Central Nervous System (CNS), specifically the myelin sheath covering nerve fibers.
Lesion Spread and Characteristics
- The term "dissemination in space" is used to describe the spread of lesions in Multiple Sclerosis.
Common Signs and Symptoms
- Common signs that might be found in Multiple Sclerosis include:
- Visual disturbances
- Muscle weakness
- Numbness or tingling
- Cognitive impairment
- Bladder and bowel dysfunction
- Fatigue
Demyelination Association
- Guillain-Barré syndrome is a condition not primarily associated with demyelination.
Axonal Involvement
- Axonal involvement is commonly associated with Multiple Sclerosis.
Spinal Cord Involvement
- The common symptom associated with the spinal cord in Multiple Sclerosis is weakness or paralysis.
Diagnostic Investigations
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is used to demonstrate dissemination in time in Multiple Sclerosis.
Disease Modifying Therapies
- The main focus of disease modifying therapies in Multiple Sclerosis is to reduce the frequency and severity of relapses.
Symptom Management
- Spasticity is commonly treated with muscle relaxants in Multiple Sclerosis.
Relapse Treatment
- The typical acute treatment for relapse in Multiple Sclerosis is corticosteroids.
Oligoclonal Bands Test
- A positive oligoclonal bands test indicates the presence of abnormal antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid, supporting the diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis.
This quiz module covers the key concepts of multiple sclerosis (MS) including demyelination, dissemination, investigations, treatments, and the nursing perspective. It also discusses the impact of demyelination on the peripheral and central nervous systems, as well as the role of inflammation and axonal damage in MS.
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