Understanding Karyotypes and Their Applications
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of treating cells with colchicine in karyotype preparation?

  • To induce DNA mutations for karyotype analysis
  • To increase the number of metaphase chromosomes
  • To arrest cells at metaphase for condensed chromosome characterization (correct)
  • To prevent chromosome condensation
  • What is the purpose of arranging metaphase chromosomes in homologous pairs?

  • To observe the arrangement of chromosomes during interphase
  • To study the DNA replication process
  • To determine the size and centromere location of chromosomes (correct)
  • To identify the number of chromosomes in a cell
  • What is the purpose of photographing stained metaphase spreads in karyotype preparation?

  • To document and analyze chromosome arrangements (correct)
  • To determine the genetic code of the organism
  • To observe chromosome condensation process
  • To count the number of chromosomes in each cell
  • Which stain is commonly used to prepare chromosomes for karyotyping?

    <p>Giemsa stain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Genetic linkage is the phenomenon in genes that are close together on the same chromosome tend to be transmitted ____________

    <p>together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A chromosome is a single piece of ________

    <p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are individual chromosomes cut and arranged in pairs in descending order during karyotype preparation?

    <p>To organize them based on size and centromere position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Different versions of the same gene are called ____________

    <p>alleles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Linked genes sit close together on a chromosome, making them likely to be inherited together. A chromosome is a single piece of ________.

    <p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the formation of gametes, chromosomes go through a process called ____________

    <p>homologous recombination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A single chromosome can have hundreds of even thousands of ________.

    <p>genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most sexually reproducing organisms, like people and pigeons, have two copies of each chromosome called ____________

    <p>homologous chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Humans have 23 chromosome pairs, or 46 chromosomes in all. Homologous chromosomes have the same genes arranged in the same order, but they have slightly different ________ sequences.

    <p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the formation of gametes (eggs and sperm in people and pigeons), chromosomes go through a process called ________.

    <p>recombination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Different versions of the same gene are called ________. Homologous chromosomes often contain different alleles.

    <p>alleles</p> Signup and view all the answers

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