Understanding Justice

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Questions and Answers

Which concept shares overlapping principles with justice?

  • Liberty
  • Freedom
  • Equality (correct)
  • Equity

Which of the following is NOT an aspect of justice as described in the text?

  • Personal opinions (correct)
  • Court decisions
  • Fairness in family matters
  • Equity in schools

At what level does social justice primarily address fairness?

  • Personal
  • Familial
  • Societal (correct)
  • Individual

Which of the following is an accurate representation of justice in ancient India?

<p>Justice was embodied by rulers following their duty impartially. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Confucianism, how is justice maintained?

<p>Through rewarding virtuous behavior and punishing wrongdoing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Socrates' view on injustice?

<p>Injustice harms everyone. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Socrates, what does justice NOT mean?

<p>Doing harm to enemies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle of justice is violated when individuals are discriminated against based on factors like race or gender?

<p>Equal Treatment for Equals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the rationale behind proportionate justice?

<p>To distribute justice based on individual contributions and needs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario exemplifies proportionate justice?

<p>Providing additional support to students with learning disabilities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of 'special needs considerations' in administering justice?

<p>To tailor justice to specific circumstances and vulnerabilities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT identified as a 'special need' in the context of justice?

<p>Access to luxury goods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why can pursuing equality sometimes hinder merit?

<p>Rewarding merit inherently creates inequality. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of just distribution?

<p>To resolve socio-economic inequalities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do some argue is sufficient for a just society to ensure healthy conditions?

<p>Basic minimum conditions for a reasonable existence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the government play in ensuring minimum living conditions?

<p>The government is responsible for the delivery of these minimum requirements. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the core belief of the free market approach to justice?

<p>Open competition will benefit everyone, including the disadvantaged. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of pursuing social justice, what does 'intervention' typically refer to?

<p>Government actions to distribute resources (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Within a free market system, what freedoms are considered essential for individuals?

<p>Freedom to own property and enter into contracts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential drawback of a completely free market system?

<p>It may lead to unequal distribution of rewards based on merit. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do state interventions aim to empower disadvantaged individuals and enable them to afford a reasonable standard of living?

<p>By maintaining laws and regulations that enforce competition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do private organizations play in conjunction with state interventions in providing essential services?

<p>Private organizations can provide services that the state cannot. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key element did Dr. B.R. Ambedkar emphasize as vital for a just society?

<p>A reverence and dissolving sentiment to foster compassion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of 'conflicting principles of justice', what challenge arises when prioritizing special attention to marginalized communities?

<p>It may be seen as undermining the principle of equality. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did differing views on law and justice in ancient China influence the justice of the time?

<p>They informed the prevailing understanding and application of justice. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Plato's 'The Republic', what central question is explored through dialogues regarding justice?

<p>Why should individuals be just? (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a society structured strictly on 'Equal Treatment for Equals.' What potential ethical concern might arise?

<p>It might overlook historical disadvantages and systemic biases. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the principle of 'degree of self-determination' influence the application of proportionate justice in complex scenarios?

<p>It determines the level of justice delivered based on the individual's capacity for self-governance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the text frame the relationship between access to justice and historical demands?

<p>Access to justice has been a fundamental demand throughout history. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Imagine a society where resources are distributed strictly according to merit, with no consideration for special needs or historical disadvantages. What potential outcome might arise?

<p>Perpetuation of existing inequalities and marginalization of vulnerable groups (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a society prioritizing free market principles with minimal state intervention, what potential ethical dilemma emerges concerning equality of opportunity?

<p>Those lacking resources may lack genuine access to opportunities. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a government aiming to balance free market principles with interventions to ensure a minimum standard of living. What inherent tension must policymakers navigate?

<p>Balancing individual freedom with collective well-being. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Imagine a scenario where a government implements extensive land reforms to address historical injustices. What potential challenge might arise in balancing this with principles of individual property rights?

<p>It necessitates infringing on existing property rights. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Socrates posited that true justice involves considering everyone, 'even enemies.' In contemporary political discourse, how might this principle challenge conventional approaches to national security and foreign policy?

<p>It implies prioritizing diplomacy, human rights, and conflict resolution over military intervention. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a hyper-advanced AI system designed to distribute resources according to a complex, ever-evolving algorithm of 'justice'. If this AI system demonstrably reduces overall human suffering but simultaneously generates unforeseen and incomprehensible disparities in resource allocation, would it be considered "just"?

<p>No, because the AI's opaque decision-making violates principles of transparency and accountability. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Imagine a hypothetical scenario where neuroscience advances to the point that 'justice' can be objectively quantified: the activation of specific brain regions associated with fairness and empathy. If a policy demonstrably maximizes this 'justice index' across a population, but simultaneously undermines individual autonomy and freedom of choice, is it ethical to implement?

<p>An ethically perfect implementation must maximize justice without undermining autonomy. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Social Justice

Fairness and equity in all aspects of life, protecting the vulnerable.

Justice

Fairness and equity in various aspects of life, not just court decisions.

Justice in Ancient India

In ancient India, justice was linked to dharma, where rulers cared for their subjects impartially.

Justice in Ancient China

In ancient China, justice was maintained by rewarding virtuous behavior and punishing wrongdoing.

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Socrates on Justice

Everyone must obey the laws, and justice benefits all, injustice harms everyone.

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Core of Justice

Giving each person the ability to develop their talents in pursuing goals.

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Equal Treatment for Equals

Treating everyone equally without discrimination based on class, race, or gender, with equal rights.

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Proportionate Justice

Justice proportionate to efforts expended, accounting for special needs and self-determination.

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Special Needs Considerations

Physical/mental disabilities or access to education/healthcare.

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Conflicting Principles of Justice

Pursuing equality may hinder merit, rewarding merit can impact marginalized communities, and special attention to marginalized may harm equality.

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Just Distribution

Policies and laws treat individuals in a fair manner, resolving social and economic inequalities such as land reforms.

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Pursuing Social Justice

Providing people the basic minimum conditions for a reasonable existence, such as nourishment for a healthy life.

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Free Market vs. Intervention

Government promotes open competition vs. intervening to deliver resources.

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Free Market

Individuals are free to own property, enter contracts, and compete without state intervention, rewarding merit.

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State Intervention

Ensuring equal access to a standard of living through state intervention, enforcing competition and preventing coercive activities.

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State Intervention Services

State provides affordable education; private organizations fill gaps.

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Dr. B.R. Ambedkar's View on Justice

A just society involves reverence and dissolving sentiment in order to make a compassionate.

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Study Notes

The provided text is the same as the existing notes, therefore no updates are needed.

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