Understanding ICT and Web Generations

The Current State of ICT

• Major technology and industry trends combined with societal and economic factors create a complex situation
• As society advances into the digital age, the balance between technology and human society undergoes continuous transformation

Information and Communication Technology (ICT)

• ICT includes technologies to improve communications
• ICT facilitates broadcast media, networking, audiovisual processing, and transmission systems
• ICT allows people and organizations to engage with each other in the digital space

Web Generations

• Web technology evolved from Web 1.0 to Web 2.0
• Tim Berners-Lee developed Web 1.0 in 1990, creating core technologies for the World Wide Web and the first webpage browser
• Web 2.0 changed how the internet was used in the last 15-20 years
• Web 2.0 allowed user-created content to be viewed instantly worldwide
• Web 2.0 was propelled by internet access and social networks, leading to widespread online interactivity and utility
• Web 3.0 is the next step in internet evolution and could be as revolutionary as Web 2.0
• Web 3.0 is based on decentralization, storing data across multiple locations instead of a single server like in Web 2.0
• Web 3.0 promotes openness through open-source software
• Web 3.0 enhances user utility by using machine learning to help computers produce faster and more relevant results

Convergent Technologies

• This is when two or more separate technologies combine to create something new
• A smartphone is a good example of convergent technology, blending a telephone, camera, multimedia player, and navigation tool into a single device
• Convergent technologies perform multiple functions for a combined purpose
• They gather and use data in different formats, enabling machine learning to provide a better user experience
• Convergent technologies connect with other devices to provide universal access to users

Social Use

• ICT advancements enables instant global connection through social media
• Social media includes online services and tools for sharing and discussing information
• Social networking sites (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram), forums (Reddit), blogs (WordPress), and video-hosting sites (YouTube, Twitch) enhance online communication

Assistive Technology

• Assistive technology includes devices, applications, and equipment that helps people with disabilities learn, communicate and function easier
• Examples are ChromeVox(screen reader for Google Chrome), and Capti(listen to books, news, and convert DOC and PDF files to speech)
• Other examples are speech-to-text, transcription, subtitles, and magnifier applications for people with hearing or eyesight problems
• ICT helps promote understanding of the benefits it provides society and how it empowers social change

Online Systems and Platforms

• These systems offer a variety of internet based services
• Online services include marketplaces, search engines, creative content, and communication tools

Marketplaces

• Online marketplaces include sellers and buyers who exchange products and services on an e-commerce site
• Online marketplaces include Lazada, Foodpanda, and Facebook Marketplace in the Philippines that offer a range of products like clothes, food and other essential items
• Increased interest in online business comes from benefits like 24/7 operation and additional income
• Online business reduces marketing costs
• Online shopping allows buyers to compare prices and have a wide variety of options in the comfort of their own home

Search Engines

• Search engines help users find online information that they need
• Examples include Google, Yahoo!, and Microsoft Bing
• Search engines crawl and index data on the web and rank them by relevance

Search Engines - Crawl

• Crawl uses web crawlers, also known as spiders
• Spiders constantly search the internet for new sites and identify new links

Search Engines - Index

• Indexing stores gathered data after crawler, analyzes and organizes the data
• Makes it easier for search engines to find information quickly.

Search Engines - Search

• Search feature translates the entered words into relatable terms using Natural Language Processing (NLP), to understand the query
• Finds web pages in the index that match the query.

Search Engines - Rank

• Algorithms rank the search results, and determine the best answer to the query
• Ranks results by keywords, high-quality content, and personal information to tailor results to the user

Creative Content Outlets

• Creative content outlets are websites with different media to communicate about a person, brand, or product
• Blog content is written by an individual or team(blogger)
• Blogging shares opinions and knowledge for a target audience on platforms like WordPress, Tumblr, and LinkedIn

Creative Content Outlets - Video

• Video content includes brand videos, animation, educational videos, and vlogs
• Video uses movement, sound, and text which is common on YouTube, streaming sites, and learning management systems

Creative Content Outlets - Infographics

• Infographics are used to visually represent data using charts, graphs, and minimal text, commonly used for educational purposes, marketing, and social media ads
• Online creative content covers art, literature, sound and writings

Communication Platforms

• Businesses, organizations, and individuals use communication platforms to connect and collaborate over distances
• Microsoft 365 features MS Teams, OneDrive cloud storage, and Office apps for document browsing, editing, and storage
• Google Workspace is a web-based tool that secures collaboration with Gmail, Google Drive, and Google Sheets
• Dropbox is a cloud-sharing solution for managing files, reducing email needs, and improving collaboration

Online Safety

• Users need to take precautions, security measures, and use proper online etiquette despite cyber laws
• Defending against online dangers requires safety considerations
• One should not trust anyone because it is easy to connect with people online and emotions often take precedence over critical thinking
• You shouldn't trust anyone online unless extremely necessary to avoid recording or saving information, which can be used as leverage in the future

Online Safety - Disclosing Information

• Limit posting about personal information to protect personal safety and mental state

Online Safety - Websites

• Verify correct links/spelling on websites
• Refrain from communication and transactions on suspicious sites

Online Safety - Links

• Shortened links may hide malware that activates upon clicking
• Do not click shortened links unless from a reputable source

Online Security

• Aims to protect dangerous attacks and cybercrimes
• Password Security includes more than 8 alphanumeric characters, additional symbols, and proper caps lock(passwords
• Do not use personal information
• Use an easy to remember passwords
• Do not use the same passwords on multiple websites

Online Security - Multi-factor Authentication

• Biometrics and PINs are more secure and require OTP, fingerprints and facial recognition
• The system will send notifications upon failed attempts.

Installing Anti-virus

• Installing Anti-virus helps to detect potentially harmful viruses upon clicking suspicious links, as well as cleaning the device and preventing data and system corruption

Installing Backup Storage

• Secures file and information if the copy becomes damaged and it stores additional copies to replace that memory

Online Etiquette

• Online Etiquette promotes kindness and respect to others
• Use the proper tone, whether written or audio is important in a conversation by considering the setting of the conversation
• Avoid ALL CAPS and exclamatory sentences, as it shows excitement or anger

Online Etiquette - Proof Reading

• The rush of the message creates problems and reputation
• Proof reads grammatical and spelling errors

Online Etiquette - Respect for Privacy

• Technical Skills learned online teaches how to hack personal accounts
• Should respect personal privacy and not use cybercrime.

Online Etiquette - Minimizing Distractions/Preparation

• Online meetings prepare to check camera and mic
• Limit background noises and distractions

Online Etiquette - Misinformation

• Validate information from sources before sharing such as articles and blogs
• Check the source and look at reputable sources