Podcast
Questions and Answers
Human language is described as having what capacity in terms of its scope?
Human language is described as having what capacity in terms of its scope?
- Unlimited (correct)
- Limited
- Finite
- Restricted
Animal communication systems are considered to be what kind of system?
Animal communication systems are considered to be what kind of system?
- Flexible
- Closed (correct)
- Extendible
- Open
How is human language typically learned by individuals?
How is human language typically learned by individuals?
- Genetic
- Inherent
- Acquired (correct)
- Instinctive
Which characteristic is strongly associated with human language but not with typical animal communication?
Which characteristic is strongly associated with human language but not with typical animal communication?
A key feature of human language is that it follows rules of sentence structure. This is referred to as:
A key feature of human language is that it follows rules of sentence structure. This is referred to as:
What is the main idea behind the Psycholinguistic Theory of language acquisition?
What is the main idea behind the Psycholinguistic Theory of language acquisition?
Who is most associated with the Psycholinguistic Theory?
Who is most associated with the Psycholinguistic Theory?
What does LAD stand for in the context of language acquisition?
What does LAD stand for in the context of language acquisition?
Which brain area is primarily associated with speech production?
Which brain area is primarily associated with speech production?
Which brain area is primarily associated with language comprehension?
Which brain area is primarily associated with language comprehension?
Which theory of language development emphasizes the role of rewards and consequences in learning?
Which theory of language development emphasizes the role of rewards and consequences in learning?
According to Social Learning Theory, how do children primarily learn language?
According to Social Learning Theory, how do children primarily learn language?
Which of the following is a key component of Learning Theory in language acquisition?
Which of the following is a key component of Learning Theory in language acquisition?
What is the process of 'modeling' most closely associated with in language development?
What is the process of 'modeling' most closely associated with in language development?
Which theorist is best known for their work on Learning Theory and language acquisition through conditioning?
Which theorist is best known for their work on Learning Theory and language acquisition through conditioning?
Around what age do infants typically speak their first word?
Around what age do infants typically speak their first word?
What is the term for when a child applies a word too narrowly?
What is the term for when a child applies a word too narrowly?
At what age do children typically begin to combine two words into simple sentences?
At what age do children typically begin to combine two words into simple sentences?
Which of the following describes the use of single words to convey full phrases or ideas?
Which of the following describes the use of single words to convey full phrases or ideas?
What characterizes 'telegraphic speech' in early language development?
What characterizes 'telegraphic speech' in early language development?
What is the earliest form of communication typically displayed by a newborn?
What is the earliest form of communication typically displayed by a newborn?
At what age do infants typically start cooing?
At what age do infants typically start cooing?
Babbling typically involves combining what types of sounds?
Babbling typically involves combining what types of sounds?
Which of the following is considered a pre-language skill?
Which of the following is considered a pre-language skill?
What is the term for when babies respond to coos and babbles?
What is the term for when babies respond to coos and babbles?
Genie's case study is well-known for illustrating the effects of what factor on language development?
Genie's case study is well-known for illustrating the effects of what factor on language development?
The study of Genie's language development is often used to explore the debate between:
The study of Genie's language development is often used to explore the debate between:
Researchers studied Genie to understand the impact of her early life experiences on her ability to:
Researchers studied Genie to understand the impact of her early life experiences on her ability to:
What was the primary goal of the researchers who worked with Genie?
What was the primary goal of the researchers who worked with Genie?
In terms of language acquisition, the outcome of Genie's case is generally considered to be:
In terms of language acquisition, the outcome of Genie's case is generally considered to be:
Flashcards
"Nature" Theories
"Nature" Theories
Theories emphasizing innate factors in language acquisition
Noam Chomsky
Noam Chomsky
A linguist associated with the Psycholinguistic Theory.
Language Acquisition Device (LAD)
Language Acquisition Device (LAD)
Innate mental structure enabling language learning.
Broca's Aphasia
Broca's Aphasia
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Wernicke's Aphasia
Wernicke's Aphasia
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Learning Theory (Skinner)
Learning Theory (Skinner)
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Social Learning Theory (Bandura)
Social Learning Theory (Bandura)
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Modeling
Modeling
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Imitation
Imitation
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Human Language Capacity
Human Language Capacity
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Open System (Language)
Open System (Language)
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Animal Communication Limits
Animal Communication Limits
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Language Creativity
Language Creativity
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Grammaticality in Language
Grammaticality in Language
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Cooing
Cooing
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Babbling
Babbling
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Joint Attention
Joint Attention
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Turn Taking
Turn Taking
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First Word Age
First Word Age
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Underextension
Underextension
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Overextension
Overextension
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Holophrases
Holophrases
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Telegraphic Speech
Telegraphic Speech
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Who was Genie?
Who was Genie?
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Genie's Language Exposure
Genie's Language Exposure
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Researcher's Approach (Genie)
Researcher's Approach (Genie)
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Genie's Success
Genie's Success
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Genie's Case Significance
Genie's Case Significance
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Study Notes
Is it Nature or Nurture
- Case of Genie is part of the first module assignment
- Genie had very little early exposure to language
- The researcher's approaches to her difficulties and their success should be further examined
- This case is in the language chapter
Prelinguistic Period
- Newborns cry
- At 2 months babies coo while making vowel sounds
- Between 6-9 months they start babbling, combining vowel and consonant sounds, and repeating them
- Cooing and babbling are the the foundation of words
- Babies will reciprocate when people coo and babble with them
Pre-language Skills
- Consist of eye contact, gestures, facial expressions, imitation, turn taking, and joint attention.
Linguistic Period
- At 12 months, a baby speaks their first word
- Underextension means a word got applied too narrowly, for example only his dog is a dog
- Overextension means a word got applied too broadly, for example, cats and cows are dogs
- Holophrases
- Telegraphic speech
- 18 months is when vocabulary spurt happens
- At 21 months, kids start using 2-word sentences
- By 24 months, multi-word sentences are common
What Can Other Animals Tell Us About Human Language Acquisition?
- A comparison of human language and animal communication
- Human language is unlimited, while animal communication is limited and finite
- Human language is an open system; animal communication is a closed system
- Human language is extendible, while animal communication is inextensible
- Human language is flexible and varied; animal communication is non-inflexible
- Human language is non-intrinsic, while animal communication is instinctive
- Human language is acquired, while animal communication is inherent
- Human language has creativity while animal communication is non-creative
- Human language is recurrent, while animal communication is repetitive
- Human language has grammaticality, while animal communication has no grammaticality
- Human language is cognitively behavioral, while animal communication is only behavioral
- Human languageis descriptive and narrative, while animal communication is non-descriptive
- Koko was a gorilla
Nurture Theories
- Learning Theory is associated with Skinner
- Conditioning explains language acquisition
- People are reinforced for particular sounds and punished for others
- Social Learning Theory is associated with Bandura
- Modeling comes from a parent
- Imitation of others
Nature Theories
- Psycholinguistic Theory is associated with Noam Chomsky
- People are born with Language Acquisition Device (LAD)
- LAD detects syntax (grammar) and allows people to use it
- Critical or sensitive period of development to achieve proper syntax
- Key brain areas are involved
- Broca's area is for speaking and aphasia affects speech
- Wernicke's area is for understanding and aphasia affects comprehension
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