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Questions and Answers
What is the relationship between heat and molecular motion?
What is the relationship between heat and molecular motion?
- Heat is the total energy measured in Joules or other energy units
- Heat is the energy used to break the bonds between the molecules of a substance
- Heat is the degree of coldness or hotness of a body or environment
- Heat is the measure of the average molecular motion in a substance (correct)
How is added heat (energy) usually expressed in terms of molecular motion?
How is added heat (energy) usually expressed in terms of molecular motion?
- As an increase in the kinetic energies of the molecules of the substance (correct)
- As a change in the state of the substance by melting it
- As a constant level of kinetic energy of the molecules of the substance
- As a decrease in the kinetic energies of the molecules of the substance
What is temperature related to?
What is temperature related to?
- The average kinetic energy of the molecules of a substance (correct)
- The energy used to change the state of the substance
- The degree of coldness or hotness of a body or environment
- The total energy measured in Joules or other energy units
What is temperature proportional to?
What is temperature proportional to?
How does added heat (energy) affect the state of a substance?
How does added heat (energy) affect the state of a substance?
What does the temperature of an object tell us?
What does the temperature of an object tell us?
How is heat energy related to temperature?
How is heat energy related to temperature?
What does an increase in temperature indicate about the particles in a substance?
What does an increase in temperature indicate about the particles in a substance?
How does the size or mass of an object affect its temperature?
How does the size or mass of an object affect its temperature?
What does the total thermal energy of an object depend on?
What does the total thermal energy of an object depend on?
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Study Notes
- Heat is the total energy of molecular motion in a substance, and it is a measure of the degree of hotness or coldness.
- Adding heat to a substance results in an increase in the kinetic energies of its molecules.
- Temperature is related to the average kinetic energy of the molecules, but it is not the same as heat energy.
- Temperature is proportional to the average kinetic energy of the molecules and the speed of the particles.
- Heat energy depends on the speed, number, and type of particles in an object, while temperature does not depend on the size or type of the object.
- Temperature is measured in degrees Celsius, and it indicates how hot or cold an object is, but it does not represent the total energy of molecular motion in the substance.
- When heat is added to a substance, some of it may be used to change the state of the substance (e.g., melting or boiling), and the remainder is available for work.
- The temperature change (δT) of a substance can be calculated using the formula Q = mcΔT, where Q is the heat energy, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the temperature change.
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