Understanding Grief and Loss

What is the primary cause of constipation according to the given information?

Too little fiber in the diet

What is the term for the inability to empty the bladder?

Urinary retention

What is the purpose of a sodium-restricted diet?

Reduced salt intake for cardiovascular disease and kidney disease

What is the main difference between a clear liquid diet and a full liquid diet?

A full liquid diet includes additional foods that are liquid at room temperature or melt at body temperature, such as custard, eggnog, and strained soups Signup and view all the answers

What is the gate control theory in relation to pain?

The theory that the spinal cord contains a neurological 'gate' that blocks pain signals or allows them to pass on to the brain Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of reduced skin turgor?

Loss of skin elasticity Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of calorie-restricted diet?

For clients requiring weight reduction Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of skin breakdown?

Any cut or scraping of the skin due to pressure or positioning too long in the same position Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Furosemide on the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the nephron?

Inhibits the reabsorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the therapeutic effect of Metformin in the management of diabetes?

Maintenance of blood glucose Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of Hydrocodone in terms of therapeutic class and pharmacological class?

Therapeutic class: allergy, cold and cough remedies (antitussive), Pharmacological class: opioid agonists nonopioid analgesic combinations Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Hydrocodone in suppressing the cough reflex?

Binding to opiate receptors in the CNS, direct central action Signup and view all the answers

What is the most life-threatening side effect of Metformin?

Lactic acidosis Signup and view all the answers

What electrolyte imbalance is a common side effect of Furosemide?

Hypokalemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Furosemide on the excretion of calcium in the urine?

Increases excretion Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between chronic grief and disinfranchised grief?

Chronic grief is extended in length and severity, whereas disinfranchised grief occurs when an individual is unable to acknowledge the loss to others. Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Metformin in decreasing intestinal glucose absorption?

Increases sensitivity to insulin Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of grieving involves a refusal to believe that the loss is happening?

Denial Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of inhibited grief?

The suppression of normal symptoms of grief, with physiologic effects experienced instead. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the planning stage in the nursing process?

To anticipate future events and determine strategies to achieve organizational objectives. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between diagnosing and assessing in the nursing process?

Assessing involves collecting and validating patient data, while diagnosing involves analyzing that data to identify patient strengths and health problems. Signup and view all the answers

What is the hallmark of the acceptance stage of grieving?

Coming to terms with the loss and possibly having decreased interest in surroundings and support people. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary ethical obligation of healthcare professionals in terms of client care?

Maintaining client privacy and confidentiality at all times. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of bargaining in the grieving process?

Seeking to bargain to avoid loss, such as 'let me just live until [a certain time] and then I will be ready to die'. Signup and view all the answers

What type of receptors is albuterol relatively selective for, and what is its therapeutic effect?

Beta2 (pulmonary) receptors; bronchodilation Signup and view all the answers

What is a life-threatening side effect of excessive use of albuterol inhalers?

Paradoxical bronchospasm Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of Augmentin, and what is its therapeutic effect?

Anti-infective; bactericidal action against susceptible bacteria Signup and view all the answers

How does clavulanate enhance the effect of amoxicillin?

By resisting the action of beta-lactamase, an enzyme produced by bacteria that can inactivate some penicillins Signup and view all the answers

What is a life-threatening side effect of amoxicillin clavulanate?

Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, or toxic epidermal necrolysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of warfarin, and what is its therapeutic effect?

Anticoagulant; prevents blood clotting Signup and view all the answers

What is the generic name of the trade medication Jantoven?

Warfarin Signup and view all the answers

What is the pharmacological class of warfarin?

Coumarins Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of docusate sodium, and what therapeutic effect does it produce?

Docusate sodium promotes the incorporation of water into stool, resulting in a softer fecal mass, and may also promote electrolyte and water secretion into the colon. The therapeutic effect is the softening and passage of stool. Signup and view all the answers

What are the life-threatening side effects of pantoprazole?

The life-threatening side effects of pantoprazole are acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, and hypersensitivity reactions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of albuterol, and how does it lead to bronchodilation?

Albuterol binds to beta2-adrenergic receptors in airway smooth muscle, leading to the activation of adenylyl cyclase and increased levels of cAMP. This results in the inhibition of myosin phosphorylation and decreased intracellular calcium, which relaxes airway smooth muscle and leads to bronchodilation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the therapeutic classification of Colace, and what is its pharmaceutical classification?

The therapeutic classification of Colace is a laxative, and its pharmaceutical classification is a stool softener. Signup and view all the answers

What are the adverse effects of docusate sodium, and which system is most affected?

The adverse effects of docusate sodium are dermatological (rash), ophthalmic (throat irritation), and gastrointestinal (diarrhea, mild cramps). The gastrointestinal system is most affected. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between albuterol and adenylyl cyclase, and how does it affect cAMP levels?

Albuterol activates adenylyl cyclase, leading to increased levels of cAMP. Signup and view all the answers

What is the pharmaceutical classification of Proair Digihaler, and what is its therapeutic classification?

The pharmaceutical classification of Proair Digihaler is an adrenergic, and its therapeutic classification is a bronchodilator. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the therapeutic effect of docusate sodium and albuterol?

The therapeutic effect of docusate sodium is the softening and passage of stool, while the therapeutic effect of albuterol is bronchodilation. Signup and view all the answers