Understanding Gangrene

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Questions and Answers

Which type of gangrene is characterized by thriving bacteria and poor prognosis due to sepsis?

  • Gas gangrene
  • Wet gangrene (correct)
  • Necrotizing fasciitis
  • Dry gangrene

Which type of gangrene is the end result of chronic ischemia without infection and is not salvageable once developed?

  • Necrotizing fasciitis
  • Wet gangrene
  • Gas gangrene
  • Dry gangrene (correct)

Which type of gangrene may develop into wet gangrene if infection occurs?

  • Necrotizing fasciitis
  • Wet gangrene
  • Gas gangrene
  • Dry gangrene (correct)

Which type of gangrene is characterized by bacterial infection that produces gas within tissues?

<p>Gas gangrene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of infection spreads rapidly as gases expand and infiltrate healthy tissue?

<p>Gas gangrene (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is gangrene?

<p>A type of tissue death caused by a lack of blood supply (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the symptoms of gangrene?

<p>Change in skin color, numbness, swelling, pain, skin breakdown, and coolness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which body parts are most commonly affected by gangrene?

<p>Feet and hands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the risk factors for gangrene?

<p>Diabetes, peripheral arterial disease, smoking, major trauma, alcoholism, HIV/AIDS, frostbite, and Raynaud's syndrome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the diagnosis of gangrene made?

<p>Based on symptoms and supported by tests such as medical imaging (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may certain types of gangrene present with?

<p>Fever or sepsis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mainstay of treatment for gangrene?

<p>Surgical removal of all dead tissue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be performed to treat the underlying peripheral artery disease in cases of gangrene due to critical limb ischemia?

<p>Revascularization (via vascular bypass or angioplasty) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common reason for amputations?

<p>Ischemic disease of the legs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What treatment is used to treat gas gangrene?

<p>Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what percentage of cases does ischemic disease of the legs require amputation in the next three years?

<p>About a quarter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial treatment for gas gangrene before addressing the underlying cause?

<p>Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is gangrene?

A type of tissue death caused by a lack of blood supply.

What are the symptoms of gangrene?

Change in skin color, numbness, swelling, pain, skin breakdown, and coolness.

Which body parts are most commonly affected by gangrene?

Feet and hands.

What are the risk factors for gangrene?

Diabetes, peripheral arterial disease, smoking, major trauma, alcoholism, HIV/AIDS, frostbite, and Raynaud's syndrome.

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How is the diagnosis of gangrene made?

Based on symptoms and supported by tests such as medical imaging.

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What is gas gangrene?

A type of gangrene characterized by bacterial infection that produces gas within tissues.

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What is dry gangrene?

Dry gangrene is the end result of chronic ischemia without infection. It is not salvageable once developed.

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What is wet gangrene?

Wet gangrene is characterized by thriving bacteria and poor prognosis due to sepsis.

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What is the relationship between dry and wet gangrene?

Dry gangrene may develop into wet gangrene if infection occurs.

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How do you treat gas gangrene?

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy, a medical treatment that involves breathing pure oxygen in a pressurized chamber.

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What is the mainstay of treatment for gangrene?

Surgical removal of all dead tissue.

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What is the most common reason for amputations?

The most common reason for amputations is ischemic disease of the legs.

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What is the percentage of cases of ischemic disease of the legs that require amputation in the next three years?

About a quarter (25%) of cases of ischemic disease of the legs require amputation in the next three years.

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What is the initial treatment for gas gangrene?

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy, a medical treatment that involves breathing pure oxygen in a pressurized chamber.

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What can be performed to treat the underlying peripheral artery disease in cases of gangrene due to critical limb ischemia?

Revascularization (via vascular bypass or angioplasty), a procedure meant to improve blood flow to the affected limbs.

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Describe the way gas gangrene spreads.

Gas gangrene is a rapidly spreading infection as gases expand and infiltrate healthy tissue.

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What may certain types of gangrene present with?

Fever or sepsis, a serious bloodstream infection.

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Study Notes

  • Renaldo Womatalze specializes in diagnosing gangrene based on symptoms and supports it with tests like imaging.
  • Types of gangrene:
    • Dry gangrene: end result of chronic ischemia without infection, not salvageable once developed, not as emergent as gas or wet gangrene, can develop into wet gangrene if infection occurs.
    • Wet gangrene: characterized by thriving bacteria, poor prognosis due to sepsis, usually develops rapidly due to venous or arterial blood flow blockage, affected part saturated with stagnant blood, rapid growth of bacteria, toxic products absorbed and cause sepsis, high mortality, emergency amputation often required.
    • Gas gangrene: bacterial infection that produces gas within tissues, caused by Clostridium or non-clostridial species, infection spreads rapidly as gases expand and infiltrate healthy tissue.
  • Necrotizing fasciitis (hemolytic streptococcal gangrene): infects deep into the body along tissue planes, spreads rapidly, high mortality rate.
  • Noma: a gangrene of the face.
  • Fournier gangrene: type of necrotizing fasciitis that usually affects the genitals and groin.
  • Severe mesenteric ischemia: may result in gangrene of the small intestine due to severe ischemic colitis that may result in the large intestine gangrene.
  • Dry gangrene: not accompanied by infection, not as emergent, can develop into wet gangrene, over time may become wet gangrene if infection occurs.
  • Wet gangrene: characterized by thriving bacteria, poor prognosis due to sepsis, affected part saturated with stagnant blood, rapid growth of bacteria, toxic products absorbed and cause sepsis, high mortality, emergency amputation often required.
  • Gas gangrene: bacterial infection that produces gas within tissues, infection spreads rapidly as gases expand and infiltrate healthy tissue.

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