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Questions and Answers
What are the major risk factors for heart disease?
What are the major risk factors for heart disease?
- High physical activity, low body weight, low cholesterol
- High blood pressure, high blood cholesterol levels, smoking (correct)
- Obesity, sedentary lifestyle, high blood sugar
- Low blood pressure, low cholesterol levels, non-smoking
What is the leading cause of death for both men and women?
What is the leading cause of death for both men and women?
- Accidents
- Heart disease (correct)
- Diabetes
- Cancer
What is the goal in reducing heart disease risk?
What is the goal in reducing heart disease risk?
- Eliminate smoking among adults
- Lower average population levels of blood cholesterol (correct)
- Lower average body weight across all ages
- Increase average physical activity levels
Which dietary pattern is recommended to lower blood cholesterol levels?
Which dietary pattern is recommended to lower blood cholesterol levels?
Which of the following is NOT a major risk factor for heart disease?
Which of the following is NOT a major risk factor for heart disease?
For which age group is the goal to lower blood cholesterol levels targeted?
For which age group is the goal to lower blood cholesterol levels targeted?
To reduce heart disease risk, which eating pattern should be avoided?
To reduce heart disease risk, which eating pattern should be avoided?
What should be lowered to help reduce the risk of heart disease?
What should be lowered to help reduce the risk of heart disease?
Which factor is a controllable risk for heart disease?
Which factor is a controllable risk for heart disease?
Which of these factors directly influences blood cholesterol levels?
Which of these factors directly influences blood cholesterol levels?
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Study Notes
Dietary Guidelines
- Focus on obtaining a diet sufficient in protein, vitamins, and minerals
- Eat a variety of foods and balance with physical activity to maintain or improve weight
- Choose a diet with:
- Plenty of grain products, vegetables, and fruits
- Low fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol
- Moderate sugar and salt/sodium
- Avoid drinking alcoholic beverages
Food Guide Pyramid
- No specific details provided
Nutrition Screening
- Purpose:
- Identify individuals at high risk of dietary or nutrition problems
- Establish priorities for efficient use of time and money
- Screening tool: "Determine Your Nutritional Health (DYNH)"
- DYNH consists of two parts:
- Self-assessment to identify aspects of eating habits and lifestyles that may place individuals at nutritional risk
- Basic education on nutritional risk factors and indicators using the acronym "DETERMINE"
DETERMINE Acronym
- Disease
- Eating poorly
- Tooth loss/mouth pain
- Economic hardship
- Reduced social contact
- Multiple medicines
- Involuntary weight loss or gain
- Needs assistance in self-care
- Elder years above age 80
Screening For Malnutrition
- A dietitian or community nutrition program may be appropriate if:
- Inappropriate, inadequate, or excessive food intake is identified
- Problems complying with a specialized diet are identified
- Need for nutrient-specific counseling or counseling related to a specific disease is identified
- Referral to a physician may be necessary if:
- Body weight is 20% above or below desirable weight
- Involuntary decrease in weight of more than 10 pounds in the past 6 months
Nutrition And Disease...Heart Disease
- Factors for heart disease:
- High blood pressure
- High blood cholesterol levels
- Smoking
- Leading cause of death for both men and women
- Goal: lower average population levels of blood cholesterol in people over 2 years old by adopting a low-saturated fat, low-cholesterol eating pattern
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