Understanding Ethos and Credibility

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Questions and Answers

What effect describes a positive first impression that leads to a favorable overall perception?

  • Halo Effect (correct)
  • Confirmation Bias
  • Horn Effect
  • Attribution Bias

Which component of credibility is primarily concerned with honesty and ethical values?

  • Trustworthiness (correct)
  • Authority
  • Expertise
  • Reliability

In a scenario where you lack solid evidence to support your credibility, which strategy is suggested?

  • Ignore the lack of evidence and proceed confidently
  • Share personal experiences related to the topic (correct)
  • Present someone else's qualifications as your own
  • Use complex language to impress the audience

Which example demonstrates the Horn Effect?

<p>Assuming someone is untrustworthy due to a single negative trait (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a suggested strategy for enhancing ethos in the long term?

<p>Finding commonalities with the audience (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be adjusted based on the audience and occasion as part of establishing credibility?

<p>Appearance and attire (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is essential for demonstrating competence during communication, according to short-term strategies for enhancing ethos?

<p>Maintaining eye contact (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best illustrates the importance of brand reputation in establishing ethos?

<p>A well-known brand associated with quality products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these actions contributes to enhancing one’s ethos by showcasing expertise?

<p>Sharing knowledge through teaching or speaking engagements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a fundamental characteristic that aids in establishing a trustworthy image?

<p>Showing consistent ethical behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Halo Effect

A positive first impression or a single outstanding trait that influences the overall perception of a person positively.

Horn Effect

The opposite of the halo effect. A negative first impression or trait that leads to a negative overall perception.

Ethos

The credibility of a speaker or writer, based on their expertise and trustworthiness.

Expertise

Knowledge, skills, experience, qualifications, and track record in a relevant field that contributes to credibility.

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Trustworthiness

Honesty, integrity, dependability, ethical values, and goodwill that build trust and contribute to credibility.

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Long-Term Strategies for Enhancing Ethos

Building long-term credibility by demonstrating good character and developing expertise.

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Short-Term Strategies for Enhancing Ethos

Short-term methods for enhancing credibility by demonstrating competence and trustworthiness during communication.

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Linking Personal Experience to Enhance Ethos

Using personal experience to establish credibility by showing how the experience led to interest and expertise in the topic.

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Using Appropriate Language to Enhance Ethos

Choosing appropriate language that reflects the speaker's level of knowledge and is suitable for the audience and topic.

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Demonstrating Professional Knowledge and Confidence to Enhance Ethos

Demonstrating confidence through frequent eye contact and showing a deep understanding of the topic.

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Study Notes

Ethos

  • Halo Effect: Positive first impression/outstanding trait leads to positive overall perception.
  • Horn Effect: Negative first impression/trait leads to negative overall perception.
  • Examples: Personal attractiveness, first impressions, educational background, recommendations, brand reputation, celebrity endorsements.
  • Case Study: Tsang Tsou Choi's graffiti, initially seen as vandalism, was later viewed as art, demonstrating perceptual shifts.

Components of Credibility

  • Expertise: Knowledge, skills, experience, qualifications, track record in a relevant field.
    • Example: A surgeon's medical license, board certification, and successful operations.
  • Trustworthiness: Honesty, integrity, dependability, ethical values, goodwill.
    • Example: A financial advisor acting in clients' best interests and maintaining confidentiality.

Addressing Lack of Solid Evidence for Credibility

  • Personal Experiences: Describe how personal experiences sparked interest and gained knowledge relating to speech topic.
  • Suitable Language: Use appropriate language reflecting speaker's level.
  • Subject Matter Expertise: Thorough understanding of the topic, and preparedness for relevant questions.
  • Confidence: Demonstrate through frequent eye contact.
  • Adjusted Image & Attire: Adapt image and attire to audience and occasion.
  • Shared Values: Establish common ground to highlight shared value systems despite differing methods.
  • Approachability: Remain after the speech to engage, fostering approachability.

Strategies for Enhancing Ethos

  • Short-Term Strategies: Demonstrate competence and trustworthiness during communication.
  • Long-Term Strategies:
    • Positive Character: Genuine trustworthiness through actions.
    • Deep Expertise: Obtain comprehensive knowledge within the field.
    • Self-Marketing: Promote expertise through visibility.

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